Digitalization of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Graphene Field-Effect Transistors (G-ELISA) for Portable Ferritin Determination.

IF 4.9 3区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Biosensors-Basel Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI:10.3390/bios14080394
Melody L Candia, Esteban Piccinini, Omar Azzaroni, Waldemar A Marmisollé
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Abstract

Herein, we present a novel approach to quantify ferritin based on the integration of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) protocol on a Graphene Field-Effect Transistor (gFET) for bioelectronic immunosensing. The G-ELISA strategy takes advantage of the gFET inherent capability of detecting pH changes for the amplification of ferritin detection using urease as a reporter enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea generating a local pH increment. A portable field-effect transistor reader and electrolyte-gated gFET arrangement are employed, enabling their operation in aqueous conditions at low potentials, which is crucial for effective biological sample detection. The graphene surface is functionalized with monoclonal anti-ferritin antibodies, along with an antifouling agent, to enhance the assay specificity and sensitivity. Markedly, G-ELISA exhibits outstanding sensing performance, reaching a lower limit of detection (LOD) and higher sensitivity in ferritin quantification than unamplified gFETs. Additionally, they offer rapid detection, capable of measuring ferritin concentrations in approximately 50 min. Because of the capacity of transistor miniaturization, our innovative G-ELISA approach holds promise for the portable bioelectronic detection of multiple biomarkers using a small amount of the sample, which would be a great advancement in point-of-care testing.

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利用石墨烯场效应晶体管(G-ELISA)将酶联免疫吸附测定法数字化,用于便携式铁蛋白测定。
在此,我们提出了一种基于酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方案的新型铁蛋白定量方法,该方法集成了石墨烯场效应晶体管(gFET),用于生物电子免疫传感。G-ELISA 策略利用了 gFET 检测 pH 值变化的固有能力,使用脲酶作为报告酶来放大铁蛋白检测,脲酶催化尿素水解产生局部 pH 值增量。采用了便携式场效应晶体管阅读器和电解质门控 gFET 布局,使其能够在低电位水溶液条件下工作,这对有效检测生物样本至关重要。石墨烯表面用单克隆抗铁蛋白抗体和防污剂进行了功能化处理,以提高检测的特异性和灵敏度。与未放大的 gFET 相比,G-ELISA 具有出色的传感性能,可达到更低的检测限(LOD)和更高的铁蛋白定量灵敏度。此外,它们还具有快速检测功能,能在约 50 分钟内测量出铁蛋白浓度。由于晶体管微型化的能力,我们创新的 G-ELISA 方法有望使用少量样本对多种生物标记物进行便携式生物电子检测,这将是护理点检测的一大进步。
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来源期刊
Biosensors-Basel
Biosensors-Basel Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Clinical Biochemistry
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
14.80%
发文量
983
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374) provides an advanced forum for studies related to the science and technology of biosensors and biosensing. It publishes original research papers, comprehensive reviews and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.
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