Prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors during COVID-19 pandemic in the capital of Bangladesh

IF 1.9 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Human Nutrition and Metabolism Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI:10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200289
Urmila Roy , Arafat Hassan Razon , Tanvir Ahmad , Tabassum Sultana Barsha
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Abstract

Background

Hypertension (HTN) has emerged as a significant public health challenge and a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries like Bangladesh.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among residents of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted using a multistage random sampling technique to select 305 individuals from Khilkhet Thana in Dhaka North City Corporation. Data were collected through direct surveys using a modified version of the WHO STEPS questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 22 software.

Findings

The study identified a 34.4 % prevalence of HTN among the participants, with 46.2 % of hypertensive individuals being under 40 years of age. Of the 105 hypertensive individuals, 65 % were newly diagnosed during the study, and 11 previously diagnosed individuals were not on any medication. A significant association (P < 0.001) was observed between the prevalence of HTN and inadequate intake of fruits (OR = 3.129, 95 % CI = 1.912–5.122, χ2 = 21.328), insufficient vegetables consumption (OR = 2.199, 95 % CI = 1.356–3.565, χ2 = 10.373), high intake of fatty foods (OR = 2.387, 95 % CI = 1.465–3.890, χ2 = 12.454), and excessive salt consumption (OR = 2.771, 95 % CI = 1.677–4.579, χ2 = 16.310). Additionally, the prevalence of HTN was notably higher among overweight (46.70 %) and at-risk (22.90 %) individuals, based on Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), respectively. The study also found significant correlations (P < 0.001) between HTN and factors such as smoking (OR = 2.824, 95 % CI = 1.601–4.980, χ2 = 13.432), kidney disease (OR = 7.534, 95 % CI = 2.694–21.070, χ2 = 19.282), general stress (OR = 3.692, 95 % CI = 2.179–6.255, χ2 = 24.896), COVID-19 related stress (OR = 3.511, 95 % CI = 2.116–5.826, χ2 = 24.712) and sleeping pattern (OR = 5.798, 95 % CI = 3.404–9.875, χ2 = 45.724).

Conclusions

The high prevalence of HTN, particularly among younger individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlights the urgent need for nationwide surveys, surveillance, and clinical research to accurately depict the true burden of HTN in Bangladesh.

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COVID-19 大流行期间孟加拉国首都的高血压患病率及其相关风险因素
背景高血压(HTN)已成为孟加拉国等发展中国家面临的一项重大公共卫生挑战,也是导致死亡和发病的一个主要原因。本研究旨在评估 COVID-19 大流行期间孟加拉国首都达卡居民的高血压患病率及其相关风险因素。研究发现,参与者中高血压患病率为 34.4%,其中 46.2% 的高血压患者年龄在 40 岁以下。在 105 名高血压患者中,65% 是在研究期间新确诊的,11 名先前确诊的患者没有服用任何药物。研究发现,高血压患病率与水果摄入量不足(OR = 3.129,95 % CI = 1.912-5.122,χ2 = 21.328)、蔬菜摄入量不足(OR = 2.199,95 % CI = 1.356-3.565,χ2 = 10.373)、高脂肪食物摄入量高(OR = 2.387,95 % CI = 1.465-3.890,χ2 = 12.454)和食盐摄入量过多(OR = 2.771,95 % CI = 1.677-4.579,χ2 = 16.310)。此外,根据体重指数(BMI)和腰臀比(WHR),超重人群(46.70%)和高危人群(22.90%)的高血压患病率明显更高。研究还发现,高血压与吸烟(OR = 2.824,95 % CI = 1.601-4.980,χ2 = 13.432)、肾病(OR = 7.534, 95 % CI = 2.694-21.070, χ2 = 19.282)、一般压力(OR = 3.692, 95 % CI = 2.179-6.255, χ2 = 24.896)、COVID-19相关压力(OR = 3.511, 95 % CI = 2.116-5.结论高血压的高发病率,尤其是在 COVID-19 大流行期间年轻人中的高发病率,突出表明迫切需要进行全国范围的调查、监测和临床研究,以准确描述孟加拉国高血压的真实负担。
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来源期刊
Human Nutrition and Metabolism
Human Nutrition and Metabolism Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
30
审稿时长
188 days
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