Green techniques: Revolutionizing deep eutectic solvents-based modified electrodes for electrochemical sensing of natural antioxidant

Abstract

Antioxidants are commonly found in both natural and synthetic forms. Recent years have witnessed significant efforts directed towards the identification of natural antioxidants. This review focuses on the recent advancements in electrochemical sensors constructed using deep eutectic solvents for electrode modification, emphasizing their role in detecting natural antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, phenolic acids, flavonoids, tryptophan, and citric acid. The term ’green’ denotes the progression of electrochemical sensing platforms employing biodegradable and sustainable materials, particularly those utilizing green solvents, e.g., deep eutectic solvents (DES). The electrochemical performance of these green sensors and their associated benefits, including biodegradability, non-toxicity, sustainability, and low cost, are discussed. Furthermore, the review outlines the limitations of existing DES-based modified electrode sensing technology, current development trends, and the potential applications for various natural antioxidant substances. The objective of this review is to offer insights for researchers engaged in the field of electrochemical sensors DES-modified electrodes.