Forest restoration increases energy flow through the fungal channel and decreases energy flow through the herbivorous channel in soil micro-food webs

IF 9.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Soil Biology & Biochemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI:10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109561
Mengqiang Wang , Dandan Gao , Shuguang Liu , Wende Yan , Jie Zhao
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Abstract

Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) is one of the most important economic tree species in Central South China. Several decades of successive rotation of C. lanceolata monocultures have resulted in serious ecosystem degradation. Substantial efforts are underway to convert C. lanceolata monocultures to mixed forests to restore ecosystem functions and services. However, it is unclear whether forest restoration will improve soil quality. Soil nematodes were employed as an ecological indicator of soil quality to assess soil food web structure and energy flow along a forest restoration chronosequence. The chronosequence of transformation stages include: (i) early stage C. lanceolata monocultures aged 5, 10, and 20 years old; (ii) mid-stage conifer-broadleaf mixed forest aged over 20 years old; and (iii) late-stage broadleaf forest aged over 40 years old. Our results suggest that forest restoration changed soil nematode abundance, diversity, and community composition in both dry and wet seasons. Abundance of soil nematodes increased progressively along the restoration chronosequence, peaking in the conifer-broadleaf mixed forest. The relative abundance and energy flow of herbivorous nematodes decreased progressively by 25% and 82% with forest restoration stage, respectively. Forest restoration from C. lanceolata to mixed forests increased energy flow from basal resources to fungivorous nematodes and from fungivorous to omnivorous-carnivorous nematodes by 58% and 52%, respectively. Our findings suggest that forest restoration from C. lanceolata monocultures to mixed forests increases soil biodiversity and food web energy flows to trophic groups higher in the food chain. Therefore, converting C. lanceolata plantations to mixed forests has potential to boost forest ecosystem services and promote sustainable forest management.

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在土壤微食物网中,森林恢复增加了通过真菌渠道的能量流,减少了通过食草渠道的能量流
冷杉(Cunninghamia lanceolata)是中国中南部最重要的经济树种之一。几十年来,杉木单一种植的连续轮伐导致生态系统严重退化。为了恢复生态系统的功能和服务,人们正在大力将单作林转变为混交林。然而,目前还不清楚森林恢复是否能改善土壤质量。土壤线虫被用作土壤质量的生态指标,以评估森林恢复时序的土壤食物网结构和能量流。转化阶段的时序包括(i) 5 年、10 年和 20 年树龄的早期 C. lanceolata 单植林;(ii) 20 年以上树龄的中期针叶-阔叶混交林;(iii) 40 年以上树龄的晚期阔叶林。我们的研究结果表明,森林恢复改变了土壤线虫的丰度、多样性以及干湿季节的群落组成。土壤线虫的丰度沿着恢复时间序列逐渐增加,在针叶林-阔叶混交林中达到顶峰。食草线虫的相对丰度和能量流随着森林恢复阶段的增加而逐渐减少,分别减少了 25% 和 82%。从杉木混交林到针阔混交林的森林恢复分别增加了 58% 和 52% 的从基质资源到食真菌线虫的能量流,以及从食真菌线虫到杂食-肉食线虫的能量流。我们的研究结果表明,从单植披针叶树到混交林的森林恢复增加了土壤生物多样性和食物链中更高营养级的食物网能量流。因此,将蓝花楹人工林转化为混交林具有提高森林生态系统服务和促进可持续森林管理的潜力。
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来源期刊
Soil Biology & Biochemistry
Soil Biology & Biochemistry 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
16.90
自引率
9.30%
发文量
312
审稿时长
49 days
期刊介绍: Soil Biology & Biochemistry publishes original research articles of international significance focusing on biological processes in soil and their applications to soil and environmental quality. Major topics include the ecology and biochemical processes of soil organisms, their effects on the environment, and interactions with plants. The journal also welcomes state-of-the-art reviews and discussions on contemporary research in soil biology and biochemistry.
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