Bed, ridge and planting configurations influence crop performance in field-transplanted hybrid potato crops

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Field Crops Research Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109556
Olivia C. Kacheyo , Kanthu J. Mhango , Michiel E. de Vries , Hannah M. Schneider , Paul C. Struik
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Abstract

Current cultivation practices for field transplanted potato crops grown from nursery-raised hybrid potato seedlings are mostly borrowed from the tuber-based conventional system. Most studies on field performance of field transplanted seedling crops have largely reported the use of ridged rows and in exceptional cases, the use of beds. It is therefore critical to assess the feasibility of the use of alternative ridge or bed systems for cultivation of field-transplanted nursery-raised potato seedlings considering the differences in physiological behaviour of crops grown from different starting materials. This study assessed the effects of six systems which included bed and ridge systems of different dimensions and planting configurations for field transplanted seedling crops. Field crop establishment, canopy growth and development as well as yield and yield components were assessed. In general, systems that boasted high plant densities resulted in faster canopy development and higher number of tubers and tuber yield. Bed systems (raised and flat beds; 8.0 plants m−2) therefore gave the highest numbers of tubers and tuber yield across all treatments. These systems also produced the most tubers in all tuber size classes resulting in the highest yields in all classes. Standard ridge systems (full- and half ridges; 0.75 m row distance), had the lowest plant populations (5.3 plants m−2) which resulted almost always in fewer tubers and lower yield. Other ridge systems (0.9-m and 0.5-m ridge systems), although having higher plant densities than the standard ridge systems (8.9 and 8.0 plants m−2, respectively) still performed poorer than the bed systems. The small and compact ridges in the 0.5-m ridge system and the compact arrangement of plants in the 0.9-m ridge system caused these effects. Conclusively, based on this study, productivity in field transplanting systems is highly influenced by plant density. Further, cultivation systems boasting higher planting densities should be recommended when the goal for production is to produce large quantities of seed tubers (> 35; ≤ 50 mm).

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床、脊和种植配置对田间移栽杂交马铃薯作物生长性能的影响
目前从苗圃培育的杂交马铃薯幼苗中种植的大田移栽马铃薯作物的栽培方法大多借鉴了以块茎为基础的传统系统。关于大田移栽秧苗作物田间表现的大多数研究报告大多采用脊行栽培,在特殊情况下也采用床栽培。因此,考虑到从不同起始材料培育的作物在生理行为上的差异,评估使用替代性脊行或苗床系统培育大田移栽育苗马铃薯幼苗的可行性至关重要。本研究评估了六种系统的效果,其中包括不同尺寸和种植配置的床系和脊系,用于大田移栽育苗作物。对大田作物的建立、冠层生长和发育以及产量和产量成分进行了评估。一般来说,植株密度高的系统冠层发育更快,块茎数量和块茎产量更高。因此,在所有处理中,床栽系统(高床和平床;8.0 株/米-2)的块茎数量和块茎产量最高。在所有块茎大小等级中,这些系统也生产了最多的块茎,因此在所有等级中产量最高。标准田埂系统(全埂和半埂;行距 0.75 米)的植株数量最少(5.3 株/米-2),因此块茎数量和产量几乎总是较低。其他田埂系统(0.9 米和 0.5 米田埂系统)的植株密度虽然比标准田埂系统高(分别为 8.9 株/米-2 和 8.0 株/米-2),但仍比床式田埂系统差。0.5 米山脊系统的山脊小而紧凑,0.9 米山脊系统的植物排列紧凑,这些都是造成上述影响的原因。总之,根据这项研究,大田移栽系统的生产率受植物密度的影响很大。此外,如果生产目标是生产大量块茎种子(> 35; ≤ 50 毫米),则应推荐采用种植密度更大的栽培系统。
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来源期刊
Field Crops Research
Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
12.10%
发文量
307
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.
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