Evaluating Experiences in a Digital Nutrition Education Program for People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Qualitative Study

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Health Expectations Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI:10.1111/hex.70012

R. D. Russell, J. He, L. J. Black, A. Begley

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Abstract

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex immune-mediated disease with no currently known cure. There is growing evidence to support the role of diet in reducing some of the symptoms and disease progression in MS, and we previously developed and tested the feasibility of a digital nutrition education program for people with MS.

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore factors that influenced engagement in the digital nutrition education program, including features influencing capability, opportunity and motivation to change their dietary behaviours.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with people who had MS, and who completed some or all of the program until data saturation was reached. Interviews were analysed inductively using thematic analysis. Themes were deductively mapped against the COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behaviour) behaviour change model.

Results

Sixteen interviews were conducted with participants who completed all (n = 10) or some of the program (n = 6). Four themes emerged: (1) acquiring and validating nutrition knowledge; (2) influence of time and social support; (3) getting in early to improve health and (4) accounting for food literacy experiences.

Discussion

This is the first online nutrition program with suitable behavioural supports for people with MS. It highlights the importance of disease-specific and evidence-based nutrition education to support people with MS to make dietary changes. Acquiring nutrition knowledge, coupled with practical support mechanisms, such as recipe booklets and goal setting, emerged as crucial for facilitating engagement with the program.

Conclusions

When designing education programs for people with MS and other neurological conditions, healthcare professionals and program designers should consider flexible delivery and building peer support to address the needs and challenges faced by participants.

Patient or Public Contribution

Members of the MS Nutrition Research Program Stakeholder Reference Group, which includes people with MS and MS health professionals, provided input during the development of the nutrition education program and study design stages.

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评估多发性硬化症患者数字营养教育计划的体验：定性研究

背景多发性硬化症（MS）是一种复杂的免疫介导疾病，目前尚无根治方法。越来越多的证据表明，饮食可减轻多发性硬化症的一些症状并促进疾病的发展，我们曾为多发性硬化症患者开发并测试了数字营养教育项目的可行性。本研究旨在探讨影响参与数字营养教育计划的因素，包括影响改变饮食行为的能力、机会和动机的特征。方法对完成部分或全部项目的多发性硬化症患者进行半结构化访谈，直至数据达到饱和。采用主题分析法对访谈进行归纳分析。根据 COM-B（能力、机会、动机、行为）行为改变模型对主题进行演绎映射。结果对完成全部计划（10 人）或部分计划（6 人）的参与者进行了 16 次访谈。出现了四个主题：(1) 获取和验证营养知识；(2) 时间和社会支持的影响；(3) 尽早参与以改善健康状况；(4) 考虑食品知识经验。讨论这是首个为多发性硬化症患者提供适当行为支持的在线营养计划。它强调了针对特定疾病的循证营养教育对支持多发性硬化症患者改变饮食习惯的重要性。获得营养知识，加上实用的支持机制，如食谱手册和目标设定，对于促进参与该计划至关重要。结论在为多发性硬化症患者和其他神经系统疾病患者设计教育计划时，医疗保健专业人员和计划设计者应考虑灵活的授课方式和建立同伴支持，以满足参与者的需求并应对他们所面临的挑战。患者或公众的贡献多发性硬化症营养研究计划利益相关者参考小组的成员包括多发性硬化症患者和多发性硬化症医护人员，他们在营养教育计划的开发和研究设计阶段提供了意见。

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来源期刊

Health Expectations 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

9.40%

发文量

251

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Health Expectations promotes critical thinking and informed debate about all aspects of patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) in health and social care, health policy and health services research including: • Person-centred care and quality improvement • Patients'' participation in decisions about disease prevention and management • Public perceptions of health services • Citizen involvement in health care policy making and priority-setting • Methods for monitoring and evaluating participation • Empowerment and consumerism • Patients'' role in safety and quality • Patient and public role in health services research • Co-production (researchers working with patients and the public) of research, health care and policy Health Expectations is a quarterly, peer-reviewed journal publishing original research, review articles and critical commentaries. It includes papers which clarify concepts, develop theories, and critically analyse and evaluate specific policies and practices. The Journal provides an inter-disciplinary and international forum in which researchers (including PPIE researchers) from a range of backgrounds and expertise can present their work to other researchers, policy-makers, health care professionals, managers, patients and consumer advocates.