Towards the conservation of the crucian carp in Europe: Prolific hybridization but no evidence for introgression between native and non-native taxa

IF 4.5 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Molecular Ecology Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1111/mec.17515
Daniel L. Jeffries, Lori Lawson-Handley, Dunja K. Lamatsch, K. Håkan Olsén, Carl D. Sayer, Bernd Hänfling
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Abstract

Hybridization plays a pivotal role in evolution, influencing local adaptation and speciation. However, it can also reduce biodiversity, which is especially damaging when native and non-native species meet. Hybridization can threaten native species via competition (with vigorous hybrids), reproductive resource wastage and gene introgression. The latter, in particular, could result in increased fitness in invasive species, decreased fitness of natives and compromise reintroduction or recovery conservation practices. In this study, we use a combination of RAD sequencing and microsatellites for a range-wide sample set of 1366 fish to evaluate the potential for hybridization and introgression between native crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and three non-native taxa (Carassius auratus auratus, Carassius auratus gibelio and Cyprinus carpio) in European water bodies. We found hybridization between native and non-native taxa in 82% of populations with non-natives present, highlighting the potential for substantial ecological impacts from hybrids on crucian carp populations. However, despite such high rates of hybridization, we could find no evidence of introgression between these taxa. The presence of triploid backcrosses in at least two populations suggests that the lack of introgression among these taxa is likely due to meiotic dysfunction in hybrids, leading to the production of polyploid offspring which are unable to reproduce sexually. This result is promising for crucian reintroduction programs, as it implies limited risk to the genetic integrity of source populations. Future research should investigate the reproductive potential of triploid hybrids and the ecological pressures hybrids impose on C. carassius.

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保护欧洲鲫鱼:本地与非本地类群之间杂交繁盛,但无证据表明存在引种现象。
杂交在进化过程中起着举足轻重的作用,影响着当地的适应性和物种的分化。然而,杂交也会减少生物多样性,尤其是当本地物种和非本地物种相遇时,杂交的破坏性更大。杂交可通过竞争(与生命力强的杂交种)、生殖资源浪费和基因导入威胁本地物种。尤其是后者,可能会导致入侵物种的适应性提高,本地物种的适应性降低,并影响重新引入或恢复保护措施。在这项研究中,我们结合使用了 RAD 测序和微卫星,对整个欧洲范围内的 1366 个鱼类样本集进行了研究,以评估欧洲水体中本地鲫鱼(Carassius carassius)与三个非本地类群(Carassius auratus auratus、Carassius auratus gibelio 和 Cyprinus carpio)之间杂交和基因导入的可能性。我们发现,在 82% 存在非本地分类群的种群中,本地和非本地分类群之间存在杂交,这突出表明杂交可能会对鲫鱼种群的生态产生重大影响。然而,尽管杂交率如此之高,我们却没有发现这些类群之间存在引种的证据。至少在两个种群中存在三倍体回交,这表明这些类群之间缺乏引种可能是由于杂交种的减数分裂功能障碍,导致产生无法进行有性繁殖的多倍体后代。这一结果对鲫鱼再引入计划很有希望,因为它意味着对源种群遗传完整性的风险有限。未来的研究应调查三倍体杂交种的繁殖潜力以及杂交种对鲫鱼造成的生态压力。
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来源期刊
Molecular Ecology
Molecular Ecology 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
10.20%
发文量
472
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Molecular Ecology publishes papers that utilize molecular genetic techniques to address consequential questions in ecology, evolution, behaviour and conservation. Studies may employ neutral markers for inference about ecological and evolutionary processes or examine ecologically important genes and their products directly. We discourage papers that are primarily descriptive and are relevant only to the taxon being studied. Papers reporting on molecular marker development, molecular diagnostics, barcoding, or DNA taxonomy, or technical methods should be re-directed to our sister journal, Molecular Ecology Resources. Likewise, papers with a strongly applied focus should be submitted to Evolutionary Applications. Research areas of interest to Molecular Ecology include: * population structure and phylogeography * reproductive strategies * relatedness and kin selection * sex allocation * population genetic theory * analytical methods development * conservation genetics * speciation genetics * microbial biodiversity * evolutionary dynamics of QTLs * ecological interactions * molecular adaptation and environmental genomics * impact of genetically modified organisms
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