MicroRNAs in the developmental toolbox — a comparative approach to understanding their role in regulating insect development

IF 5.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY Current opinion in insect science Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI:10.1016/j.cois.2024.101256
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Abstract

MicroRNAs are ubiquitous in the genomes of metazoans. Since their discovery during the late 20th century, our understanding of these small, noncoding RNAs has grown rapidly. However, there are still many unknowns about the functional significance of miRNAs — especially in non-model insects. Here I discuss the accumulating evidence that microRNAs are part of gene regulatory networks that determine not only the developmental outcome but also mediate transitions between stages and alternative developmental pathways. During the last 20 years, researchers have published a multitude of profiling studies that describe changes in miRNAs that may be important for development and catalog potential targets. Proof-of-principle studies document phenotypic changes that occur when candidate genes and/or miRNAs are inhibited or overexpressed. Studies that use both of these approaches, along with methods for confirming miRNA–mRNA interaction, demonstrate the necessary roles for miRNAs within gene networks. Together, all of these types of studies provide essential clues for understanding the function of miRNAs in the developmental toolbox.

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发育工具箱中的微小核糖核酸--通过比较法了解它们在调节昆虫发育中的作用。
MicroRNA 在类人动物的基因组中无处不在。自 20 世纪末发现它们以来,我们对这些小型非编码 RNA 的了解迅速加深。然而,关于 miRNA 的功能意义仍有许多未知数,尤其是在非模式昆虫中。在这里,我将讨论越来越多的证据表明,microRNA 是基因调控网络的一部分,它们不仅决定发育结果,而且/或介导不同阶段和替代发育途径之间的转换。在过去 20 年中,研究人员发表了大量剖析研究报告,描述了可能对发育很重要的 miRNAs 的变化,并对潜在靶标进行了编目。原理验证研究记录了候选基因和/或 miRNA 被抑制或过表达时发生的表型变化。使用这两种方法和 miRNA-mRNA 相互作用确认方法进行的研究证明了 miRNA 在基因网络中的必要作用。所有这些类型的研究共同为了解 miRNA 在发育工具箱中的功能提供了重要线索。
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来源期刊
Current opinion in insect science
Current opinion in insect science BIOLOGYECOLOGYENTOMOLOGY-ECOLOGY
CiteScore
10.40
自引率
1.90%
发文量
113
期刊介绍: Current Opinion in Insect Science is a new systematic review journal that aims to provide specialists with a unique and educational platform to keep up–to–date with the expanding volume of information published in the field of Insect Science. As this is such a broad discipline, we have determined themed sections each of which is reviewed once a year. The following 11 areas are covered by Current Opinion in Insect Science. -Ecology -Insect genomics -Global Change Biology -Molecular Physiology (Including Immunity) -Pests and Resistance -Parasites, Parasitoids and Biological Control -Behavioural Ecology -Development and Regulation -Social Insects -Neuroscience -Vectors and Medical and Veterinary Entomology There is also a section that changes every year to reflect hot topics in the field. Section Editors, who are major authorities in their area, are appointed by the Editors of the journal. They divide their section into a number of topics, ensuring that the field is comprehensively covered and that all issues of current importance are emphasized. Section Editors commission articles from leading scientists on each topic that they have selected and the commissioned authors write short review articles in which they present recent developments in their subject, emphasizing the aspects that, in their opinion, are most important. In addition, they provide short annotations to the papers that they consider to be most interesting from all those published in their topic over the previous year.
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