Current opinion in insect science最新文献

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The role of microbiomes in shaping insecticide resistance: current insights and emerging paradigms.

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science

Pub Date : 2025-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2025.101346

Saif Ul Malook, Arinder K Arora, Adam Chun Nin Wong

Insecticide resistance is a global challenge in agriculture and public health, with the microbiome increasingly recognized as a key contributor. This review synthesizes current research on the microbiome's roles in insecticide resistance, emphasizing mechanisms like microbe-mediated insecticide detoxification, bioactivation, and modulation of host gene expression and physiology. We also explore how different environmental factors impact microbe-host interactions, and the roles of epigenetics and post-transcriptional regulation in linking microbial effects to resistance. Integrating evidence from various insect species, this review also proposes strategies for resistance management, including genetically engineered microbes to detoxify insecticides and microbial diagnostic tools for monitoring resistance markers.

引用次数: 0

Herbivory by multiple arthropods does not hinder the attraction of natural enemies to plant volatiles: insights from a meta-analysis.

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2025.101347

Enggel Beatriz Silva Carmo, Renato C Macedo-Rego, M Fernanda G V Peñaflor

Plants under herbivore attack emit herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that recruit natural enemies (NEs) of the herbivores for defense. The composition of HIPVs is often specific to the herbivore species, and infestation by multiple herbivore species produces a distinct volatile blend compared to single infestations, potentially influencing tritrophic interactions. Although two decades of research have investigated how multiple herbivory can affect chemically-mediated tritrophic interactions, a comprehensive understanding on this topic remains elusive, as studies have shown varying results depending on the system examined. We performed a quantitative synthesis of 29 studies, extracting effect sizes from 94 experiments that assessed the olfactory preferences of NEs for HIPVs emitted from multiple-infested and single-infested plants. Our analysis revealed that multiple infestations do not affect the attractiveness of HIPVs to NEs, regardless of whether the plant is infested by nonhosts, hosts from different or the same feeding guild, the NE dietary specialization, or guild. However, specialist NEs prefer HIPVs emitted from plants with hosts even if they are infested by multiple herbivores over those infested by only a single non-host herbivore. Our meta-analysis provides valuable insights into the complexity of chemically-mediated tritrophic interactions, demonstrating that the co-infestation with nonhosts or multiple hosts do not affect attractiveness of HIPVs to NEs.

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引用次数: 0

Influence of blood feeding and infection on arthropod hemocytes

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2025.101341

George-Rafael Samantsidis , Shahid Karim , Ryan C Smith

Blood feeding provides essential nutrients for development and reproduction in hematophagous arthropods yet also initiates significant other physiological alterations in immune function. Immune cells, or hemocytes, are integral components of the arthropod innate immune system with notable roles in defining vector competence. Evidence suggests that both blood feeding and infection drive substantial changes in hemocyte phenotypes, including proliferation, immune activation, and differentiation, which directly and indirectly influence pathogen infection outcomes. These dynamics have fueled extensive research into hemocyte biology in recent years, which aided by emerging single-cell technologies and methods of phagocyte depletion, have provided novel molecular insights into hemocyte populations and additional support for their important contributions to parasite, virus, and bacterial infections. Despite this progress, many aspects of arthropod immune cell biology remain unclear. Focusing on mosquitoes and ticks as two of the most prominent and well-studied arthropod vectors, this review summarizes the effects of blood feeding and infection on mosquito and tick hemocytes, highlighting hemocyte classifications, and the known mechanisms by which hemocytes can have positive or negative impacts on vector-borne pathogen infection.

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引用次数: 0

Invasive indoor pests under the microbiological lens: Bacterial and viral diversity from local to global scales in bed bugs and cockroaches.

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science

Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2025.101344

Jose E Pietri, Maureen Laroche

Essentially all animal life interacts closely with an array of microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses, which can have both beneficial and harmful effects. The advancement of high-throughput molecular biology approaches (DNA and RNA sequencing) has led to an ongoing boom in investigating the composition and functions of microbial communities (microbiota) associated with a wide range of animal taxa, including insects. As this area of investigation has blossomed, such research on indoor urban insect pests has lagged more widely studied species. However, over the last several years, significant strides have been made in understanding the diversity and biological roles of microbes associated with such insects. This review highlights and discusses recent key findings, focusing on bed bugs and cockroaches, two of the most prolific globally invasive indoor insect pests. Advances in this area of research have long-term implications for public health and for the development of novel pest control approaches.

引用次数: 0

Exotic bees in urban ecosystems: establishment, impact, and potential for invasion

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2025.101339

Kyle M Ruszkowski , John M Mola

Native bee species decline has sparked extensive research and conservation efforts, particularly in urban areas where initiatives and interventions aim to restore native bee populations. Paradoxically, these same urban interventions may inadvertently support non-native bee species, fostering the establishment of thriving exotic populations. Exotic bees often thrive in urban environments where advantageous traits, such as cavity-nesting and high reproductive plasticity, combine with human activities that intentionally and unintentionally facilitate their introduction and spread. Although many exotic species remain benign, others may transition to invasive status, leading to competition with native bees, the spread of diseases, and interference in biodiversity assessments. This review synthesizes current knowledge on how urbanization impacts exotic bee establishment and assesses potential pathways for these species to become invasive.

引用次数: 0

Editorial overview: Classical, novel and underrated regulators of development in the omics era

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2025.101345

Philipp Lehmann , Meet Zandawala

引用次数: 0

Where do all the pests go? Understanding the genomic mechanisms of crop pest dynamics during the off-season

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2025.101340

Frederico Hickmann , Megan E Meuti , Andrew P Michel , Alberto S Corrêa

Agroecosystems provide abundant resources to insects. However, throughout the off-season, insects must overcome resource shortages and adverse climates to survive. This off-season persistence affects pest infestations in subsequent crops or seasons. Key pest species employ diapause, migration, and local-scale dispersal to persist during the off-season. Genomic approaches have advanced our understanding of these survival mechanisms. Clock genes regulate the circadian rhythm and interact with neuropeptides and downstream pathways, such as insulin-like peptides and hormonal factors–like ecdysteroids and juvenile hormones that regulate diapause. Migrant insects must manage processes like energy metabolism, oogenesis, and flight orientation. Local-scale dispersal requires mechanisms to locate, select, and exploit the most suitable host and habitat for survival and reproduction during the off-season. Here, we present advances in genomic research on pest survival during the off-season, focusing on diapause, migration, and local-scale dispersion. Understanding these phenomena is crucial for developing and optimizing effective integrated pest management programs.

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引用次数: 0

Innovations in Varroa mite management

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2025.101343

Mary Whitehouse , Fazila Yousuf , James Sainsbury , Juliana Rangel , Mark Goodwin

Varroa mites, the main pest of honey bees, are notoriously difficult to control. We present a novel approach to mite management emphasising the role of immigration. We argue that how mite numbers increase within the colony determines the most effective varroa management techniques. That is, varroa infestations go through phases, where their rate of increase is either driven by varroa reproduction (Chronic phase) or is strongly influenced by immigration into the hive (Acute phase). Identifying chronic and acute phases will enable current varroa control methods to be better targeted. For example, control methods reducing reproduction rates will be most effective during the chronic phase. Identifying when immigration is important to varroa in-hive population increases (acute phase) may enable existing bee management techniques, for example, those that limit the access of some bees into hives, to be co-opted into varroa management. This change in perspective emphasises that in-hive varroa control will be improved by understanding the subtleties of how and when varroa enter hives; it will also identify other gaps in our knowledge of varroa’s behavioural ecology that could lead to new varroa control methods. Therefore, this novel approach to mite management will enable Integrated Pest Management to be better tailored to this pest.

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引用次数: 0

Taste adaptations in blood-feeding arthropods: mechanisms and ecological implications

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2025.101342

Romina B Barrozo, Pablo A Bochicchio, Isabel Ortega-Insaurralde

Hematophagous arthropods rely on taste mechanisms to navigate host selection, feeding, mating, and oviposition. These behaviors are driven by environmental taste cues, which shape acceptance or aversion depending on their valence. Positive stimuli, like low concentrations of salts, sugars, amino acids, and nucleotides, promote feeding and oviposition, while negative stimuli, including high salt, bitter compounds, and nociceptive chemicals, trigger avoidance to prevent hazards. Species-specific adaptations enable blood feeders to overcome ecological challenges. Understanding their behavioral, neuronal, and molecular taste mechanisms aids in developing targeted vector control strategies, such as repellents, toxic baits, and oviposition deterrents, to disrupt disease transmission.

引用次数: 0

Understanding and counteracting the denial of insect biodiversity loss

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2025.101338

Manu E Saunders , Alexander C Lees , Eliza M Grames

Biodiversity loss is occurring globally with negative impacts on ecosystem function and human well-being. There is a scientific consensus that diverse environmental and anthropogenic factors are altering different components of insect biodiversity, with changes occurring at all levels of biological organisation. Here, we describe how uncertainty around specific trends and the semantics of ‘decline’ in relation to insect biodiversity have been leveraged by denialist campaigns to manufacture doubt around the insect biodiversity crisis. Disinformation is one of the biggest threats to social cohesion and environmental integrity globally. We argue that scientists, academic institutions, policymakers, and journalists must combat denialism by relying on robust research, supporting efforts to communicate scientific uncertainty more effectively, and build consensus on the global impacts of insect biodiversity loss.

引用次数: 0

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