Parental styles are associated with eating disorder symptoms, anxiety, interpersonal difficulties, and nucleus accumbens response.

Neha Sahota, Megan E Shott, Guido K W Frank
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Abstract

Objectives: Eating disorders (EDs) typically emerge during adolescence. Parental bonding has a lasting impact on a child's mental health during those developmentally critical years. There remains uncertainty over whether parental bonding is a risk factor for developing or maintaining specifically EDs or, rather, general psychopathology and the associated underlying brain function.

Methods: Forty-one young adult healthy control individuals (HC, 26.6 ± 3.5 years) and 46 individuals with EDs (25 with anorexia nervosa, AN, 22.8 ± 6.4 years, and 21 with bulimia nervosa, BN, 23.5 ± 4.2 years) completed the parental bonding instrument (PBI), assessments for anxiety, depression, and ED behaviors, and underwent a conditioning paradigm during brain imaging.

Results: In both groups, perceived parental care and overprotection were correlated with state and trait anxiety and interpersonal alienation, and in HC only, with body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. Individuals with an ED reported lower self-perceived parental care, but higher overprotection compared to the HC group. Nucleus accumbens (NAc) response was related to bonding measures in both groups and right NAc response mediated the relationship between maternal care and trait anxiety in HC.

Conclusions: Perceived parental bonding is associated with general psychopathology, including elevated anxiety and interpersonal difficulties across HC and ED groups. Lower perceived parental care and higher overprotection could predispose healthy individuals to develop problems with body shape or weight; however, other, maybe biological factors may determine whether a person will develop an ED. The link between perceived parental bonding, NAc valence processing and anxiety implicates dopaminergic circuits that should be studied further.

Level of evidence: Level III: Case-control analytic study.

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父母的教育方式与饮食失调症状、焦虑、人际交往障碍和脑核反应有关。
目的:饮食失调(ED)通常出现在青春期。在孩子成长的关键时期,父母的亲情对孩子的心理健康有着持久的影响。目前仍不确定的是,父母的亲子关系是否是患上或维持具体的饮食失调症的风险因素,或者说是一般心理病理学和相关的潜在大脑功能的风险因素:方法:41 名健康对照组青年(HC,26.6 ± 3.5 岁)和 46 名 ED 患者(25 名神经性厌食症患者,22.8 ± 6.4 岁;21 名神经性贪食症患者,23.5 ± 4.2 岁)完成了父母亲情工具(PBI)、焦虑、抑郁和 ED 行为评估,并在脑成像过程中接受了调节范式:在这两组人中,感知到的父母关爱和过度保护与状态和特质焦虑及人际关系疏远相关,仅在HC组中,感知到的父母关爱和过度保护与身体不满意和追求消瘦相关。与HC组相比,ED患者的自我感觉父母关爱程度较低,但过度保护程度较高。两组人的伏隔核(NAc)反应都与亲情测量有关,右侧NAc反应在HC组的母亲关怀和特质焦虑之间起中介作用:结论:在HC和ED两组中,感知到的父母亲情与一般精神病理学有关,包括焦虑升高和人际交往障碍。感知到的父母关爱程度越低、过度保护程度越高,健康人就越容易出现体形或体重问题;然而,其他因素(也许是生物学因素)可能会决定一个人是否会患上 ED。感知到的父母亲情、Narc 价值处理和焦虑之间的联系牵涉到多巴胺能回路,应进一步研究:三级:病例对照分析研究。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
10.30%
发文量
170
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity is a scientific journal whose main purpose is to create an international forum devoted to the several sectors of eating disorders and obesity and the significant relations between them. The journal publishes basic research, clinical and theoretical articles on eating disorders and weight-related problems: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, subthreshold eating disorders, obesity, atypical patterns of eating behaviour and body weight regulation in clinical and non-clinical populations.
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