Affective evaluation and exposure perception of everyday mobile phone usage situations.

IF 3 3区 医学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Risk Analysis Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI:10.1111/risa.17641
Sarah C Link, Marie Eggeling, Ferdinand Abacioglu, Christoph Boehmert
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Abstract

To understand citizens' reactions to the 5G rollout, their affective reaction and perception of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) exposure are of interest. Although precursor studies on 2G-4G have investigated exposure perception mostly quantitatively, the present study applied a qualitative exploratory approach. A number of 35 individual interviews and 6 focus groups with the same participants were conducted in December 2022. Participants were recruited from several locations in Germany, where 5G rollout was at different stages. Interactive tasks, particularly an affective evaluation task and a ranking task, encouraged participants to consider their affect regarding mobile communications and their exposure perception. This approach allowed the participants to first engage with the topic of mobile communications/5G in an intuitive way, before talking about their specific beliefs on RF-EMF exposure. Several pictures showing a person (1) interacting with a mobile phone, (2) surrounded by other peoples' mobile phones, or (3) in the vicinity of mobile phone base stations (antennas) were used as stimulus materials. Data were analyzed using an exploratory content analysis. In the affective evaluation task participants revealed more negative associations with base stations than with mobile phones. The analysis showed that the reasons for their evaluation were very diverse, whereby exposure to RF-EMF only played a subordinate role. Further, the ranking task indicated that most participants (n = 20) felt more exposed from base stations than from mobile devices. Results are mostly in-line with the literature on 2G-4G and do not indicate a substantially different exposure perception for 5G.

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日常手机使用情境的情感评价和暴露感知。
为了了解市民对 5G 推出的反应,他们对射频电磁场(RF-EMF)暴露的情感反应和感知很有意义。尽管有关 2G-4G 的先期研究大多以定量方式调查暴露感知,但本研究采用了定性探索方法。2022 年 12 月,对相同的参与者进行了 35 次个人访谈和 6 次焦点小组讨论。参与者来自德国多个地区,这些地区的 5G 推广处于不同阶段。互动任务,尤其是情感评估任务和排名任务,鼓励参与者考虑他们对移动通信的情感和接触感知。这种方法让参与者在谈论他们对射频-电磁场暴露的具体看法之前,首先以直观的方式参与到移动通信/5G 的话题中来。我们使用了几张图片作为刺激材料,图片中的人物(1)正在与手机互动,(2)被其他人的手机包围,或(3)在手机基站(天线)附近。数据采用探索性内容分析法进行分析。在情感评价任务中,参与者对基站的负面联想多于对手机的负面联想。分析表明,评价的原因多种多样,其中暴露于射频-电磁场仅占次要地位。此外,排序任务表明,大多数参与者(n = 20)认为基站比移动设备的暴露程度更高。研究结果与有关 2G-4G 的文献基本一致,并不表明 5G 的暴露感知有本质区别。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Risk Analysis
Risk Analysis 数学-数学跨学科应用
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
10.50%
发文量
183
审稿时长
4.2 months
期刊介绍: Published on behalf of the Society for Risk Analysis, Risk Analysis is ranked among the top 10 journals in the ISI Journal Citation Reports under the social sciences, mathematical methods category, and provides a focal point for new developments in the field of risk analysis. This international peer-reviewed journal is committed to publishing critical empirical research and commentaries dealing with risk issues. The topics covered include: • Human health and safety risks • Microbial risks • Engineering • Mathematical modeling • Risk characterization • Risk communication • Risk management and decision-making • Risk perception, acceptability, and ethics • Laws and regulatory policy • Ecological risks.
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