Adolescents with Elevated Psychopathic Traits are Associated with an Increased Risk for Premature Mortality.

IF 2.9 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI:10.1007/s10802-024-01233-6
J Michael Maurer, Aparna R Gullapalli, Michaela M Milillo, Corey H Allen, Samantha N Rodriguez, Bethany G Edwards, Nathaniel E Anderson, Carla L Harenski, Kent A Kiehl
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Abstract

The mortality rate among adolescents has been steadily increasing in recent years. Researchers have previously identified forms of externalizing psychopathology measured during adolescence associated with an increased risk for premature mortality, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), substance use disorders (SUDs), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD). The current study investigated whether additional personality traits (i.e., adolescent psychopathic traits, assessed via the Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version [PCL:YV]) were also associated with premature mortality risk among maximum-security incarcerated adolescents (N = 332). During a follow-up period ranging from 10 to 14 years, premature mortality was observed in n = 33 participants (9.94%), a mortality rate nearly ten times higher than population norms. We observed that adolescents scoring the highest on PCL:YV total scores exhibited significantly higher rates of premature mortality compared to adolescents scoring lower on PCL:YV total scores via Fisher's exact tests. Additionally, through univariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses, PCL:YV total, Factor 2 (measuring lifestyle/behavioral and antisocial/developmental psychopathic traits), Facet 1 (measuring interpersonal psychopathic traits), and Facet 3 (measuring lifestyle/behavioral psychopathic traits) scores were associated with faster time to premature mortality. In supplemental analyses performed, we observed that adolescents meeting criteria for externalizing psychopathology (i.e., ADHD, SUDs, ODD, and CD) did not exhibit higher rates of premature mortality compared to control participants. The current study therefore identifies additional maladaptive personality traits to consider in relation to premature mortality risk (i.e., psychopathic traits) among a high-risk sample of incarcerated adolescents.

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具有高度精神变态特质的青少年与过早死亡风险增加有关。
近年来,青少年死亡率持续上升。研究人员曾发现,青少年时期的外化性心理变态与过早死亡风险增加有关,其中包括注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)、药物使用障碍(SUD)、对立违抗障碍(ODD)和行为障碍(CD)。本研究调查了是否有其他人格特质(即青少年精神变态特质,通过哈雷精神变态检查表进行评估:青年版 [PCL:YV])是否也与最高安全级别的被监禁青少年(人数 = 332)的过早死亡风险有关。在 10 年到 14 年的随访期间,我们观察到有 33 名参与者(9.94%)过早死亡,死亡率几乎是人群正常死亡率的十倍。通过费雪精确检验,我们发现 PCL:YV 总分最高的青少年的过早死亡率明显高于 PCL:YV 总分较低的青少年。此外,通过单变量考克斯比例危险回归分析,PCL:YV 总分、因子 2(测量生活方式/行为和反社会/发展性精神变态特质)、面 1(测量人际关系精神变态特质)和面 3(测量生活方式/行为精神变态特质)得分与过早死亡时间加快有关。在进行的补充分析中,我们观察到,与对照组参与者相比,符合外化性精神疾病(即多动症、药物依赖性精神疾病、定向障碍和精神疾病)标准的青少年并没有表现出更高的过早死亡率。因此,本研究在被监禁青少年的高风险样本中发现了更多与过早死亡风险相关的适应不良人格特质(即变态人格特质)。
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来源期刊
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology Psychology-Developmental and Educational Psychology
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
4.00%
发文量
107
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