Challenges and Perspectives of Environmental Catalysis for NO x Reduction.

IF 8.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY JACS Au Pub Date : 2024-08-15 eCollection Date: 2024-08-26 DOI:10.1021/jacsau.4c00572
Yanqi Chen, Xiangyu Liu, Penglu Wang, Maryam Mansoor, Jin Zhang, Dengchao Peng, Lupeng Han, Dengsong Zhang
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Abstract

Environmental catalysis has attracted great interest in air and water purification. Selective catalytic reduction with ammonia (NH3-SCR) as a representative technology of environmental catalysis is of significance to the elimination of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emitting from stationary and mobile sources. However, the evolving energy landscape in the nonelectric sector and the changing nature of fuel in motor vehicles present new challenges for NO x catalytic purification over the traditional NH3-SCR catalysts. These challenges primarily revolve around the application limitations of conventional industrial NH3-SCR catalysts, such as V2O5-WO3(MoO3)/TiO2 and chabazite (CHA) structured zeolites, in meeting both the severe requirements of high activity at ultralow temperatures and robust resistance to the wide array of poisons (SO2, HCl, phosphorus, alkali metals, and heavy metals, etc.) existing in more complex operating conditions of new application scenarios. Additionally, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) coexisting with NO x in exhaust gas has emerged as a critical factor further impeding the highly efficient reduction of NO x . Therefore, confronting the challenges inherent in current NH3-SCR technology and drawing from the established NH3-SCR reaction mechanisms, we discern that the strategic manipulation of the properties of surface acidity and redox over NH3-SCR catalysts constitutes an important pathway for increasing the catalytic efficiency at low temperatures. Concurrently, the establishment of protective sites and confined structures combined with the strategies for triggering antagonistic effects emerge as imperative items for strengthening the antipoisoning potentials of NH3-SCR catalysts. Finally, we contemplate the essential status of selective synergistic catalytic elimination technology for abating NO x and VOCs. By virtue of these discussions, we aim to offer a series of innovative guiding perspectives for the further advancement of environmental catalysis technology for the highly efficient NO x catalytic purification from nonelectric industries and motor vehicles.

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环境催化还原氮氧化物的挑战与前景。
环境催化技术在空气和水净化领域备受关注。氨的选择性催化还原(NH3-SCR)作为环境催化的代表性技术,对于消除固定和移动污染源排放的氮氧化物(NO x)具有重要意义。然而,非电力行业能源状况的不断变化以及机动车燃料性质的不断变化,为传统 NH3-SCR 催化剂的氮氧化物催化净化带来了新的挑战。这些挑战主要围绕着传统工业 NH3-SCR 催化剂(如 V2O5-WO3(MoO3)/TiO2 和茶沸石 (CHA) 结构沸石)的应用局限性,它们既无法满足超低温高活性的苛刻要求,也无法抵御新应用场景中更为复杂的操作条件下存在的各种毒物(二氧化硫、盐酸、磷、碱金属和重金属等)。此外,废气中与氮氧化物共存的挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 已成为进一步阻碍氮氧化物高效还原的关键因素。 因此,面对当前 NH3-SCR 技术固有的挑战,并借鉴已有的 NH3-SCR 反应机理,我们发现对 NH3-SCR 催化剂表面酸性和氧化还原特性的战略性处理是提高低温催化效率的重要途径。同时,保护性位点和封闭结构的建立,以及引发拮抗效应的策略,都是增强 NH3-SCR 催化剂抗毒潜力的必要条件。最后,我们探讨了选择性协同催化消除技术在减少氮氧化物和挥发性有机化合物方面的重要地位。通过这些讨论,我们旨在为进一步推动环境催化技术的发展提供一系列创新性的指导观点,以高效催化净化非电力行业和机动车中的 NO x。
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10 weeks
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