Evaluation of Conflicts of Financial Interest in Publications on the Consumption of High-Intensity Sweeteners and Body-Weight Changes: A Systematic Review.

IF 5.9 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Nutrition reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI:10.1093/nutrit/nuae110
Rebeca Cirilo de Lima, Gabriela Bioni E Silva, Vanessa Souza Mendonça, Thainá Alves Malhão, Maria Eduarda Leão Diogenes, Grazielle Vilas Bôas Huguenin
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Abstract

Context: Diseases related to excessive sugar consumption have become a public health concern. However, there may be a direct association between the consumption of artificial sweeteners and changes in body weight.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate potential industry financial conflicts of interest in publications on the relationship between high-intensity sweetener consumption and changes in body weight in observational and intervention studies.

Data sources: The systematic review used the Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, and the VHL (Virtual Health Library) Regional Portal, including the LILACS databases. The PICOS strategy were used in the search strategy for intervention studies and for observational studies used the exposure factor as the criterion.

Data extraction: Inclusion criteria were observational and intervention studies in adults, without population or health status restrictions, without restriction on the year of publication, but restricted to full articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Exclusion criteria were humans younger than 18 years, cross-sectional studies, and animal and in vitro studies.

Data analysis: There were extracted effect estimates, odds ratios, and linear associations, quantifying the effects per unit of intake of high-intensity sweeteners. The risk of bias in the intervention studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool (RoB). The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used for observational studies (case-control and cohort).

Conclusion: Most clinical trials favor using artificial sweeteners and receive contributions from the food industry. Observational studies, for the most part, show that the use of artificial sweeteners is unfavorable. In these studies, there was no sponsorship from the food industry, only from regulatory bodies. This result suggests that studies that had the support of the food industry had their influence on their outcomes.

Systematic review registration: PROSPERO registration no: CRD42016036204.

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评估有关摄入高强度甜味剂和体重变化的出版物中的经济利益冲突:系统回顾
背景:与过量摄入糖分有关的疾病已成为公共卫生问题。然而,人工甜味剂的消费与体重变化之间可能存在直接关联:目的:评估观察性研究和干预性研究中有关高强度甜味剂摄入量与体重变化之间关系的出版物中潜在的行业经济利益冲突:系统综述使用了 Medline、Embase、Cochrane、Scopus 和 VHL(虚拟健康图书馆)区域门户网站,包括 LILACS 数据库。干预研究采用 PICOS 搜索策略,观察研究则以暴露因素为标准:纳入标准为成人观察性和干预性研究,无人群或健康状况限制,无发表年份限制,但仅限于葡萄牙语、英语和西班牙语全文。排除标准为年龄小于 18 岁的人群、横断面研究以及动物和体外研究:数据分析:提取了效应估计值、几率比和线性关联,量化了高甜度甜味剂单位摄入量的效应。干预研究的偏倚风险采用 Cochrane 协作偏倚风险工具(RoB)进行评估。观察性研究(病例对照和队列)采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表:结论:大多数临床试验倾向于使用人工甜味剂,并得到了食品行业的捐助。大多数观察性研究表明,使用人工甜味剂是不利的。在这些研究中,没有食品行业的赞助,只有监管机构的赞助。这一结果表明,得到食品行业支持的研究对其结果产生了影响:系统综述注册:PROSPERO 注册号:CRD42016036204。
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来源期刊
Nutrition reviews
Nutrition reviews 医学-营养学
CiteScore
12.20
自引率
1.60%
发文量
121
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Nutrition Reviews is a highly cited, monthly, international, peer-reviewed journal that specializes in the publication of authoritative and critical literature reviews on current and emerging topics in nutrition science, food science, clinical nutrition, and nutrition policy. Readers of Nutrition Reviews include nutrition scientists, biomedical researchers, clinical and dietetic practitioners, and advanced students of nutrition.
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