Study on ultrasonic assisted intensive leaching of germanium from germanium concentrate using HCl/NaOCl

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI:10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106385

Mingyuan Rao , Hongying Xia , Yingjie Xu , Guiyu Jiang , Qi Zhang , Yongtao Yuan , Libo Zhang

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Abstract

Ultrasonic radiation is widely used in the enhancement of leaching process with outstanding advantages in leaching efficiency. In this study, a germanium concentrate was leached with NaClO and the influence of factors such as ultrasound power and oxidant addition on the leaching efficiency of germanium from the concentrate were investigated. The leaching efficiency of germanium reached 96.8% at the initial concentration of hydrochloric acid of 8 mol/L, the oxidant dosage of 1.5 g/L NaClO, the liquid-solid volume/mass ratio of 6 mL/g, the ultrasonic power density of 13.3 W/cm³, and the stirring speed of 300 rpm for 30 min at 60 °C. The leaching efficiency was 4.50% higher at a shorter leaching time and lower temperature, than that of the conventional process, which was mainly attributed to the ultrasonic multiple effects and NaClO. Meanwhile, NaClO can effectively oxidize As(III) into non-volatile As(V), remove arsenic in germanium, facilitate the subsequent distillation, improve the leaching efficiency, and be more environmentally friendly.

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使用 HCl/NaOCl 从锗精矿中超声波辅助强化浸出锗的研究

超声波辐射被广泛应用于提高浸出过程，在浸出效率方面具有突出优势。本研究用 NaClO 对锗精矿进行浸出，考察了超声功率和氧化剂添加量等因素对精矿中锗浸出效率的影响。当盐酸初始浓度为 8 mol/L，氧化剂用量为 1.5 g/L NaClO，液固体积/质量比为 6 mL/g，超声功率密度为 13.3 W/cm3，搅拌速度为 300 rpm，温度为 60 ℃，搅拌 30 min 时，锗的浸出效率达到 96.8%。与传统工艺相比，在更短的浸出时间和更低的温度下，浸出效率提高了 4.50%，这主要归功于超声波的多重效应和 NaClO。同时，NaClO 能有效地将 As(III) 氧化成不挥发的 As(V)，去除锗中的砷，便于后续蒸馏，提高浸出效率，并且更加环保。

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来源期刊

Hydrometallurgy 工程技术-冶金工程

CiteScore

9.50

自引率

6.40%

发文量

144

审稿时长

3.4 months

期刊介绍： Hydrometallurgy aims to compile studies on novel processes, process design, chemistry, modelling, control, economics and interfaces between unit operations, and to provide a forum for discussions on case histories and operational difficulties. Topics covered include: leaching of metal values by chemical reagents or bacterial action at ambient or elevated pressures and temperatures; separation of solids from leach liquors; removal of impurities and recovery of metal values by precipitation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, gaseous reduction, cementation, electro-winning and electro-refining; pre-treatment of ores by roasting or chemical treatments such as halogenation or reduction; recycling of reagents and treatment of effluents.