Odor identification dysfunction in late-life depression with suicidal ideation

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Journal of affective disorders Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.227

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Abstract

Background

Suicide is more prevalent among older adults compared to younger individuals. Late-life depression (LLD) poses the highest risk for suicide. However, early recognition of suicidal ideation is challenging. Dysfunction in odor identification (OI), a characteristic of LLD, may hold potential for early identification of suicidal ideation. This study aims to compare OI between LLD patients with suicidal ideation (LLD-S) and LLD patients without suicidal ideation (LLD-NS), and examine its relationship with cognitive function.

Methods

A total of 262 LLD-NS patients, 63 LLD-S patients, and 316 healthy normal older adults (HOAs) underwent OI testing, standardized clinical interviews, and comprehensive neuropsychological assessments.

Results

(1) LLD-S patients exhibited lower OI scores and poorer cognitive performance (including global cognition, information processing speed, memory, language, executive function, and visuospatial ability) compared to LLD-NS patients and HOAs. (2) There were interactive effects between suicidal ideation and OI dysfunction, leading to lower scores in information processing speed and visuospatial ability. (3) OI dysfunction mediated the differences in cognition between the LLD-NS and LLD-S groups.

Limitations

The present study was a cross-sectional design.

Conclusions

LLD-S patients had worse odor identification than LLD-NS patients and HOAs, suggesting that OI testing could be a valuable approach for identifying suicidal ideation in LLD and screening for suicide risk. The presence of both OI impairment and suicidal ideation was associated with poorer cognitive performance in LLD.

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晚年抑郁症伴自杀倾向者的气味识别功能障碍。

背景：与年轻人相比，自杀在老年人中更为普遍。晚年抑郁症（LLD）是自杀风险最高的疾病。然而，早期识别自杀意念是一项挑战。气味识别（OI）功能障碍是晚年抑郁症的一个特征，可能有助于早期识别自杀意念。本研究旨在比较有自杀意念的 LLD 患者（LLD-S）和无自杀意念的 LLD 患者（LLD-NS）的气味识别能力，并研究其与认知功能的关系：结果：（1）与 LLD-NS 患者和 HOAs 相比，LLD-S 患者的 OI 分数较低，认知能力（包括整体认知、信息处理速度、记忆、语言、执行功能和视觉空间能力）较差。(2）自杀意念与OI功能障碍之间存在交互作用，导致信息处理速度和视觉空间能力得分较低。(3）OI功能障碍介导了LLD-NS组和LLD-S组之间的认知差异：本研究为横断面设计：LLD-S患者对气味的识别能力比LLD-NS患者和HOAs差，这表明OI测试可能是识别LLD自杀意念和筛查自杀风险的一种有价值的方法。同时存在气味识别障碍和自杀意念与 LLD 患者较差的认知能力有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of affective disorders 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

6.10%

发文量

1319

审稿时长

9.3 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Affective Disorders publishes papers concerned with affective disorders in the widest sense: depression, mania, mood spectrum, emotions and personality, anxiety and stress. It is interdisciplinary and aims to bring together different approaches for a diverse readership. Top quality papers will be accepted dealing with any aspect of affective disorders, including neuroimaging, cognitive neurosciences, genetics, molecular biology, experimental and clinical neurosciences, pharmacology, neuroimmunoendocrinology, intervention and treatment trials.