Characteristics and functions of volatile organic compounds in the tripartite symbiotic system of Gastrodia elata-Armillaria gallica-Rahnella aceris HPDA25.

Plant signaling & behavior Pub Date : 2024-12-31 Epub Date: 2024-09-04 DOI:10.1080/15592324.2024.2399426
Ying Zhang, Tianrui Liu, Tiegui Nan, Zhongyi Hua, Yuyang Zhao, Yuan Yuan
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Abstract

Tripartite interactions among plants, fungi, and bacteria are critical for maintaining plant growth and fitness, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a significant role in these interactions. However, the functions of VOCs within the niche of mycoheterotrophic plants, which represent unique types of interactions, remain poorly understood. Gastrodia elata, a mycoheterotrophic orchid species, forms a symbiotic relationship with specific Armillaria species, serving as a model system to investigate this intriguing issue. Rahnella aceris HPDA25 is a plant growth-promoting bacteria isolated from G. elata, which has been found to facilitate the establishment of G. elata-Armillaria symbiosis. In this study, using the tripartite symbiotic system of G. elata-Armillaria gallica-R. aceris HPDA25, we investigate the role of VOCs in the interaction among mycoheterotrophic plants, fungi, and bacteria. Our results showed that 33 VOCs of HPDA25-inducible symbiotic G. elata elevated compared to non-symbiotic G. elata, indicating that VOCs indeed play a role in the symbiotic process. Among these, 21 VOCs were accessible, and six active VOCs showed complete growth inhibition activities against A. gallica, while R. aceris HPDA25 had no significant effect. In addition, three key genes of G. elata have been identified that may contribute to the increased concentration of six active VOCs. These results revealed for the first time the VOCs profile of G. elata and demonstrated its regulatory role in the tripartite symbiotic system involving G. elata, Armillaria, and bacteria.

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Gastrodia elata-Armillaria gallica-Rahnella aceris HPDA25 三方共生系统中挥发性有机化合物的特征和功能。
植物、真菌和细菌之间的三方相互作用对于维持植物的生长和健康至关重要,而挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)在这些相互作用中发挥着重要作用。然而,人们对挥发性有机化合物在绵状异养植物生态位中的功能仍知之甚少,而这种生态位代表了独特的相互作用类型。菌根兰(Gastrodia elata)是一种菌根兰属植物,它与特定的阿米拉里亚属(Armillaria)物种形成共生关系,可作为研究这一有趣问题的模型系统。Rahnella aceris HPDA25 是一种从 G. elata 中分离出来的促进植物生长的细菌,研究发现它能促进 G. elata-Armillaria 共生关系的建立。本研究利用 G. elata-Armillaria gallica-R. aceris HPDA25 的三方共生系统,研究了挥发性有机化合物在菌根植物、真菌和细菌之间相互作用中的作用。结果表明,HPDA25诱导的共生榆叶梅的33种挥发性有机化合物与非共生榆叶梅相比有所升高,表明挥发性有机化合物在共生过程中确实发挥了作用。结果表明,HPDA25诱导的共生 G elata 与非共生 G elata 相比,VOCs 的含量有所提高,这表明 VOCs 在共生过程中确实发挥了作用。此外,还发现了 G. elata 的三个关键基因,它们可能是导致六种活性挥发性有机化合物浓度增加的原因。这些结果首次揭示了 G. elata 的挥发性有机化合物特征,并证明了它在 G. elata、Armillaria 和细菌三方共生系统中的调控作用。
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