Neuroprotective Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors (Gliflozins) on Diabetes-Induced Neurodegeneration and Neurotoxicity: A Graphical Review.

IF 1.7 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL International Journal of Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-06 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_5_23
Mina Gholami, Natalie Coleman-Fuller, Mahsa Salehirad, Sepideh Darbeheshti, Majid Motaghinejad
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Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic endocrine disorder that negatively affects various body systems, including the nervous system. Diabetes can cause or exacerbate various neurological disorders, and diabetes-induced neurodegeneration can involve several mechanisms such as mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation, and cell death. In recent years, the management of diabetes-induced neurodegeneration has relied on several types of drugs, including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, also called gliflozins. In addition to exerting powerful effects in reducing blood glucose, gliflozins have strong anti-neuro-inflammatory characteristics that function by inhibiting oxidative stress and cell death in the nervous system in diabetic subjects. This review presents the molecular pathways involved in diabetes-induced neurodegeneration and evaluates the clinical and laboratory studies investigating the neuroprotective effects of gliflozins against diabetes-induced neurodegeneration, with discussion about the contributing roles of diverse molecular pathways, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, and cell death. Several databases-including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and various publishers, such as Springer, Wiley, and Elsevier-were searched for keywords regarding the neuroprotective effects of gliflozins against diabetes-triggered neurodegenerative events. Additionally, anti-neuro-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-cell death keywords were applied to evaluate potential neuronal protection mechanisms of gliflozins in diabetes subjects. The search period considered valid peer-reviewed studies published from January 2000 to July 2023. The current body of literature suggests that gliflozins can exert neuroprotective effects against diabetes-induced neurodegenerative events and neuronal dysfunction, and these effects are mediated via activation of mitochondrial function and prevention of cell death processes, oxidative stress, and inflammation in neurons affected by diabetes. Gliflozins can confer neuroprotective properties in diabetes-triggered neurodegeneration, and these effects are mediated by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death.

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葡萄糖钠转运体 2 (SGLT2) 抑制剂(格列酮类)对糖尿病诱导的神经变性和神经毒性的神经保护作用:图表综述。
糖尿病是一种慢性内分泌疾病,会对包括神经系统在内的多个身体系统产生负面影响。糖尿病可导致或加重各种神经系统疾病,糖尿病诱发的神经退行性变可能涉及多种机制,如线粒体功能障碍、氧化应激激活、神经元炎症和细胞死亡。近年来,治疗糖尿病诱发的神经退行性变主要依靠几种药物,其中包括钠-葡萄糖共转运体-2(SGLT2)抑制剂,也称为格列酮类。除了在降低血糖方面发挥强大作用外,格列酮类药物还具有很强的抗神经炎症特性,可通过抑制糖尿病患者神经系统中的氧化应激和细胞死亡发挥作用。本综述介绍了糖尿病诱导的神经退行性变所涉及的分子通路,并评估了格列酮嗪类药物对糖尿病诱导的神经退行性变的神经保护作用的临床和实验室研究,讨论了线粒体功能障碍、氧化应激、神经炎症和细胞死亡等不同分子通路的作用。我们在多个数据库(包括 Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed、Google Scholar 以及 Springer、Wiley 和 Elsevier 等多家出版商)中搜索了有关格列酮嗪对糖尿病引发的神经退行性事件的神经保护作用的关键词。此外,还应用了抗神经炎症、抗氧化应激和抗细胞死亡等关键词,以评估格列酮嗪对糖尿病患者神经元的潜在保护机制。检索期间考虑了 2000 年 1 月至 2023 年 7 月期间发表的经同行评审的有效研究。目前的文献表明,格列酮嗪类药物可对糖尿病诱导的神经退行性事件和神经元功能障碍发挥神经保护作用,这些作用是通过激活线粒体功能和防止受糖尿病影响的神经元的细胞死亡过程、氧化应激和炎症介导的。格列酮嗪类药物可对糖尿病引发的神经退行性病变产生神经保护作用,这些作用是通过抑制氧化应激、炎症和细胞死亡来实现的。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Preventive Medicine
International Journal of Preventive Medicine MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
4.80%
发文量
107
期刊介绍: International Journal of Preventive Medicine, a publication of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, is a peer-reviewed online journal with Continuous print on demand compilation of issues published. The journal’s full text is available online at http://www.ijpvmjournal.net. The journal allows free access (Open Access) to its contents and permits authors to self-archive final accepted version of the articles on any OAI-compliant institutional / subject-based repository. The journal will cover technical and clinical studies related to health, ethical and social issues in field of Preventive Medicine. Articles with clinical interest and implications will be given preference.
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