Enhancing mechanical performance of boronic ester based vitrimers via intermolecular boron–nitrogen coordination

Abstract

Malleability and reprocessability of cross-linked polymers can be achieved via exchange reactions of the boronic ester crosslinking. Herein, we report a facile strategy to fabricate and modulate vitrimers by introducing intermolecular boron-nitrogen coordinated boronic ester crosslinking. Using a one-pot reaction, a series of boronic ester vitrimers based on polybutyl acrylate (PBA) was synthesized. The nitrogen containing monomer dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was successfully copolymerized in the backbone to generate intermolecular boron-nitrogen (B–N) coordination. The presence of B–N coordination increases intermolecular interactions, leading to a denser crosslinked network structure and an elevated glass transition temperature. With the formation of B–N coordination, PBA-xB-yN samples at the same crosslinking density exhibit higher elongation at break and tensile strength. These samples dissipate more energy at the same strain and show a more pronounced strain rate dependency, highlighting the sacrificial role of the B–N coordination bonds. Stress relaxation experiments reveal that the intermolecular B–N coordination promotes faster relaxation of PBA-xB-yN compared to PBA-xB due to accelerated exchange dynamics of boronic ester. Mechanical reinforcement after recycling is observed in PBA-1B–2N, indicating that structural optimization of chemical and physical crosslinking occurs during thermal reprocessing. This study will provide a new strategy to fabricate boronic ester based vitrimeric materials with mechanical reinforcement and toughness enhancement.