{"title":"Preparation and performance of bio-based composite film with superhydrophobic surface using a simple enhancement strategy, and their applications","authors":"Xin Zhang, Jiawei Li, Hongyan Wang, Tianzi Meng, Xiaojian Zhou, Liangjun Xiao, Hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129718","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129720
Tianci Ma, Lei Yang, Jinglei Xing, Long Wang, Guofei Chen
It is a new challenge to develop fluorine-free transparent polyimides due to the prohibition of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Hence, a series of fluorine-free polyimides were synthesized by 9,9-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) fluorene dianhydride (BPAF) with 3,3'-bis(methyl)-4,4'-benzidine (2,2'-DMBZ), 3,3'-bis(methyl)-4,4'-benzidine (3,3'-DMBZ), 1,4-diaminobenzene (p-PDA), 1,3-diaminobenzene (m-PDA), 2,6-toluenediamine (m-MPDA) and 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-phenylenediamine (m-TMPDA) through one-step and two-step methods. Then the corresponding PI films were obtained by solution casting. All polyimides exhibited high glass transition temperatures (Tgs) of 404-523 °C, coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of 39-65 ppm/K, optical transmittances at 400 nm (T400s) of 36-82 % , tensile strengths of 104.6-156.3 MPa, and tensile moduli of 2.6-4.3 GPa. The prepared fluorine-free PI had better performances than typical fluorine-containing polyimide derived from 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4'-benzidine (TFDB). In particular, PI-6 exhibited comprehensive properties with Tg of 523 °C, T400 of 82%, and CTE of 42 ppm/K.
{"title":"Synthesis and properties of fluorine-free polyimides with ultrahigh Tg and excellent transparency based on the synergistic regulation of fluorenyl and methyl groups","authors":"Tianci Ma, Lei Yang, Jinglei Xing, Long Wang, Guofei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129720","url":null,"abstract":"It is a new challenge to develop fluorine-free transparent polyimides due to the prohibition of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Hence, a series of fluorine-free polyimides were synthesized by 9,9-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) fluorene dianhydride (BPAF) with 3,3'-bis(methyl)-4,4'-benzidine (2,2'-DMBZ), 3,3'-bis(methyl)-4,4'-benzidine (3,3'-DMBZ), 1,4-diaminobenzene (<em>p</em>-PDA), 1,3-diaminobenzene (<em>m</em>-PDA), 2,6-toluenediamine (<em>m</em>-MPDA) and 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-phenylenediamine (<em>m</em>-TMPDA) through one-step and two-step methods. Then the corresponding PI films were obtained by solution casting. All polyimides exhibited high glass transition temperatures (<em>T</em><sub>g</sub>s) of 404-523 °C, coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of 39-65 ppm/K, optical transmittances at 400 nm (<em>T</em><sub>400</sub>s) of 36-82 % , tensile strengths of 104.6-156.3 MPa, and tensile moduli of 2.6-4.3 GPa. The prepared fluorine-free PI had better performances than typical fluorine-containing polyimide derived from 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4'-benzidine (TFDB). In particular, <strong>PI-6</strong> exhibited comprehensive properties with <em>T</em><sub>g</sub> of 523 °C, <em>T</em><sub>400</sub> of 82%, and CTE of 42 ppm/K.","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129678
Jun Zhao, Yangyang Yu, Kejing Wu, Yingying Liu, Yingming Zhu, Houfang Lu, Hairong Yue, Bin Liang
The presence of salt ions significantly enhances the stability of polymer/surfactant composite foam systems, offering great potential for optimizing CO2 foam flooding performance in high-salinity reservoirs. However, the molecular-level mechanism underlying this “salt ion-induced enhancement” effect remains unclear. This study systematically investigates the evolution of foam performance and the synergistic salt-tolerance mechanism of a polymer/surfactant system across a wide salinity range (0∼20×104 mg/L) through interface/bulk characterization combined with molecular dynamics simulations. Research demonstrates that salt ions weaken polymer/surfactant-H2O interactions through competitive hydration, while simultaneously promoting hydrogen bonds between the polymer/surfactant interface to form a highly elastic interfacial film. Additionally, the “salt thickening” effect of the foam base-fluid drives to form a supramolecular network, which is a key mechanism behind the enhanced viscoelasticity. Compared to a salt-free system, high salinity (20×104 mg/L) delays foam drainage (the drainage activation energy increases to 51.46 kJ/mol) and suppresses coarsening (Ostwald ripening rate decreases by 57.4%), thereby enhancing the foam comprehensive index by 1.78 times. This study elucidates the key pathways for salt ion-induced synergistic salt-tolerance in polymer/surfactant composite systems, providing theoretical support for constructing green, efficient CO2 foam systems adapted to high-salinity environments.
{"title":"Mechanisms of polymer-surfactant synergy for enhanced salt-tolerance in CO2 foams","authors":"Jun Zhao, Yangyang Yu, Kejing Wu, Yingying Liu, Yingming Zhu, Houfang Lu, Hairong Yue, Bin Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129678","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of salt ions significantly enhances the stability of polymer/surfactant composite foam systems, offering great potential for optimizing CO<sub>2</sub> foam flooding performance in high-salinity reservoirs. However, the molecular-level mechanism underlying this “salt ion-induced enhancement” effect remains unclear. This study systematically investigates the evolution of foam performance and the synergistic salt-tolerance mechanism of a polymer/surfactant system across a wide salinity range (0∼20×10<sup>4</sup> mg/L) through interface/bulk characterization combined with molecular dynamics simulations. Research demonstrates that salt ions weaken polymer/surfactant-H<sub>2</sub>O interactions through competitive hydration, while simultaneously promoting hydrogen bonds between the polymer/surfactant interface to form a highly elastic interfacial film. Additionally, the “salt thickening” effect of the foam base-fluid drives to form a supramolecular network, which is a key mechanism behind the enhanced viscoelasticity. Compared to a salt-free system, high salinity (20×10<sup>4</sup> mg/L) delays foam drainage (the drainage activation energy increases to 51.46 kJ/mol) and suppresses coarsening (<em>Ostwald</em> ripening rate decreases by 57.4%), thereby enhancing the foam comprehensive index by 1.78 times. This study elucidates the key pathways for salt ion-induced synergistic salt-tolerance in polymer/surfactant composite systems, providing theoretical support for constructing green, efficient CO<sub>2</sub> foam systems adapted to high-salinity environments.","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129706
Mahsima Seifollahi, Mohammad Zaman Kabir, Sara Golbabapour
In this study, an integrated experimental–analytical framework was employed to investigate the effects of geometric imperfections on the static and fatigue behaviour of 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) specimens. The specimens were fabricated using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) with YZ orientation and a concentric infill pattern. Experimental results showed that a central hole with a stress concentration factor of 1.95 resulted in approximately 17% shorter fatigue life compared to edge-notched specimens. Notches and holes with a 2 mm radius yielded fatigue notch factors of 1.12 and 1.15, respectively, emphasizing the dominant influence of process-induced internal defects on fatigue damage evolution. To determine the notch geometry that can override the effect of internal defects on fatigue behaviour, the Theory of Critical Distance (TCD) coupled with numerical models was used to estimate the fatigue notch factor. In the numerical simulations, the internal porosity of the 3D-printed samples was taken into account to capture the interaction between notches and inherent defects. The analysis identified a notch aspect ratio of 0.25 as critical, exhibiting the highest fatigue notch factor of 1.59. Then, crack growth behaviour was monitored using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and analyzed through the Paris law to determine material constants. Fatigue life was subsequently estimated using a defect-based approach for 3D-printed PLA, explicitly accounting for process-induced internal defects.
{"title":"Effects of Geometric Discontinuities on Tensile Fatigue Deterioration and Life Estimation in Additively Manufactured Polylactic Acid (PLA) Parts","authors":"Mahsima Seifollahi, Mohammad Zaman Kabir, Sara Golbabapour","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129706","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, an integrated experimental–analytical framework was employed to investigate the effects of geometric imperfections on the static and fatigue behaviour of 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) specimens. The specimens were fabricated using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) with YZ orientation and a concentric infill pattern. Experimental results showed that a central hole with a stress concentration factor of 1.95 resulted in approximately 17% shorter fatigue life compared to edge-notched specimens. Notches and holes with a 2 mm radius yielded fatigue notch factors of 1.12 and 1.15, respectively, emphasizing the dominant influence of process-induced internal defects on fatigue damage evolution. To determine the notch geometry that can override the effect of internal defects on fatigue behaviour, the Theory of Critical Distance (TCD) coupled with numerical models was used to estimate the fatigue notch factor. In the numerical simulations, the internal porosity of the 3D-printed samples was taken into account to capture the interaction between notches and inherent defects. The analysis identified a notch aspect ratio of 0.25 as critical, exhibiting the highest fatigue notch factor of 1.59. Then, crack growth behaviour was monitored using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and analyzed through the Paris law to determine material constants. Fatigue life was subsequently estimated using a defect-based approach for 3D-printed PLA, explicitly accounting for process-induced internal defects.","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129677
Fang Zhang, Shaoyu Chen, Ting Ye, Wentao Gong, Hongkun Zhu, Chaoxia Wang
Developing high-performance bio-based poly(lactic acid)-polyurethane (PLA-PU) elastomers is important for achieving carbon neutrality and a sustainable future. Conventional PLA-PU systems suffer from mechanical and functional limitations. Herein, we develop lignin-modified PLA-PU thermoplastic elastomer (LPT) films through a facile solution polymerization strategy in which the covalence of lignin in the PLA-PU networks simultaneously enhanced mechanical performance and provided multifunction. The mechanical toughness of the optimized LPT films reached 349.09 MJ/m3 with a tensile strength of 41.12 MPa and an elongation break of 1649.51%. Besides, the presence of chromophores and aromatic structures in the lignin endows the modified films with intrinsic brown color and remarkable UV resistance performance. The absorptions of UVB/UVC and UVA are higher than 99.51% and 88.14%, respectively. Notably, the LPT films maintain 71.57% tensile strength and 78.05% elongation after three recycling cycles via dissolution in DMF, while achieving complete degradation under mild alkaline conditions, demonstrating their sustainable feature. This work establishes a new pathway for developing sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based elastomers with combined mechanical robustness and multifunctions.
{"title":"Recyclable lignin-modified polylactic acid-polyurethane elastomer with high strength and UV resistance","authors":"Fang Zhang, Shaoyu Chen, Ting Ye, Wentao Gong, Hongkun Zhu, Chaoxia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129677","url":null,"abstract":"Developing high-performance bio-based poly(lactic acid)-polyurethane (PLA-PU) elastomers is important for achieving carbon neutrality and a sustainable future. Conventional PLA-PU systems suffer from mechanical and functional limitations. Herein, we develop lignin-modified PLA-PU thermoplastic elastomer (LPT) films through a facile solution polymerization strategy in which the covalence of lignin in the PLA-PU networks simultaneously enhanced mechanical performance and provided multifunction. The mechanical toughness of the optimized LPT films reached 349.09 MJ/m<sup>3</sup> with a tensile strength of 41.12 MPa and an elongation break of 1649.51%. Besides, the presence of chromophores and aromatic structures in the lignin endows the modified films with intrinsic brown color and remarkable UV resistance performance. The absorptions of UVB/UVC and UVA are higher than 99.51% and 88.14%, respectively. Notably, the LPT films maintain 71.57% tensile strength and 78.05% elongation after three recycling cycles via dissolution in DMF, while achieving complete degradation under mild alkaline conditions, demonstrating their sustainable feature. This work establishes a new pathway for developing sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based elastomers with combined mechanical robustness and multifunctions.","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129704
Xiangtai Zhang, Yingxin Wu, Ninghai Wang, Lei Wu
The constraints faced by adsorbents in adsorbing dye wastewater include limited adsorption capacity, difficulties in regeneration with high costs, and the competition for adsorption as well as restrictions on conditions such as pH and temperature, all of which limit their wide application. Here we develop a novel adsorbent AC/Fe3O4@PDA with high adsorption capacity, rapid adsorption rate as well as magnetic property for efficiently adsorption organic methylene blue (MB). The surface morphology, crystal structure, chemical structure, elementals compositions, pore structure, magnetic property and wettability were all well characterized. It is proposed that an innovative superhydrophilic nanocomposite adsorbent based on highly magnetic and chemically stable biomass nanoparticles are covered by an adsorptive surface layer of PDA. Batch tests were performed to evaluate the influence of temperature, initial pH values, initial MB concentration and time on the performance of the target nanomaterial. The existence of open mesopores and macropores, three-dimensional cavity architecture, super-hydrophilic wettability and abundant amino/hydroxyl functional groups were all beneficial for well contact and chemical firmly bond with water-soluble toxic MB dye. After functionalized by mussel-inspired PDA modification, AC/Fe3O4@PDA, the active adsorbent could be easily removed from wastewater surface by a magnet. After adsorption, the three-dimensional pores of the carbon skeleton were well maintained. Super-hydrophilic and surface-adhering PDA coating make MB more tightly contact with AC/Fe3O4@PDA composite at aqueous media. More importantly, this strategy could be easily extended for fabrication of many other highly efficient magnetic adsorbents to solve the removing problem for the environmental applications of mussel inspired chemistry.
{"title":"Mussel-inspired polydopamine functionalized superhydrophilic coconut shells biosorbent for magnetically driven adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solutions","authors":"Xiangtai Zhang, Yingxin Wu, Ninghai Wang, Lei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129704","url":null,"abstract":"The constraints faced by adsorbents in adsorbing dye wastewater include limited adsorption capacity, difficulties in regeneration with high costs, and the competition for adsorption as well as restrictions on conditions such as pH and temperature, all of which limit their wide application. Here we develop a novel adsorbent AC/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@PDA with high adsorption capacity, rapid adsorption rate as well as magnetic property for efficiently adsorption organic methylene blue (MB). The surface morphology, crystal structure, chemical structure, elementals compositions, pore structure, magnetic property and wettability were all well characterized. It is proposed that an innovative superhydrophilic nanocomposite adsorbent based on highly magnetic and chemically stable biomass nanoparticles are covered by an adsorptive surface layer of PDA. Batch tests were performed to evaluate the influence of temperature, initial pH values, initial MB concentration and time on the performance of the target nanomaterial. The existence of open mesopores and macropores, three-dimensional cavity architecture, super-hydrophilic wettability and abundant amino/hydroxyl functional groups were all beneficial for well contact and chemical firmly bond with water-soluble toxic MB dye. After functionalized by mussel-inspired PDA modification, AC/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@PDA, the active adsorbent could be easily removed from wastewater surface by a magnet. After adsorption, the three-dimensional pores of the carbon skeleton were well maintained. Super-hydrophilic and surface-adhering PDA coating make MB more tightly contact with AC/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@PDA composite at aqueous media. More importantly, this strategy could be easily extended for fabrication of many other highly efficient magnetic adsorbents to solve the removing problem for the environmental applications of mussel inspired chemistry.","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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