Natural deep eutectic solvent-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes for lead removal from wastewater

IF 3.8 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI:10.1016/j.cep.2024.109961
Maan Hayyan , Khalid M. Abed , Amirah Azzouz , Adeeb Hayyan , Mahmood K.H. AL-Mashhadani
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Abstract

In this study, two natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) were prepared from natural hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) based on sugar, namely fructose and sucrose, alongside H2O, and choline chloride as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA). The prepared NADESs were used as functionalizing agents with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and the functionalized MWCNTs were used as adsorbents of Pb(II) lead ions from aqueous solution. The analyses demonstrated that MWCNTs functionalized with sucrose-based NADES to have more sub-stems and functional groups than the MWCNTs functionalized with fructose-based NADES, providing more possible sites for Pb(II) adsorption. The time dependence of Pb(II) adsorption onto these novel adsorbents was found to be better described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Additionally, the Langmuir model better fits the adsorption data due to its higher coefficient of determination. Finally, the operating conditions (pH, adsorbent concentration, and contact time) were optimized using the Box-Behnken model, which demonstrated pH to exert greater influence on the adsorption process than the other studied factors. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to apply NADESs as emerging functionalizing agents for carbon nanomaterials in the removal of heavy metals from synthetic wastewater.

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天然深共晶溶剂功能化多壁碳纳米管用于去除废水中的铅
本研究以糖(即果糖和蔗糖)为基础的天然氢键供体(HBDs)和 H2O 以及氯化胆碱作为氢键受体(HBA)制备了两种天然深共晶溶剂(NADESs)。将制备的 NADESs 用作多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)的功能化剂,并将功能化后的 MWCNTs 用作水溶液中铅(II)离子的吸附剂。分析表明,与果糖基 NADES 相比,蔗糖基 NADES 功能化的 MWCNT 具有更多的子系统和功能基团,为 Pb(II) 的吸附提供了更多可能的位点。研究发现,这些新型吸附剂对铅(II)吸附的时间依赖性可以用伪秒阶动力学模型更好地描述。此外,Langmuir 模型的决定系数更高,因此更适合吸附数据。最后,使用 Box-Behnken 模型对操作条件(pH 值、吸附剂浓度和接触时间)进行了优化,结果表明 pH 值对吸附过程的影响大于其他研究因素。据我们所知,本研究首次将 NADES 作为碳纳米材料的新兴功能化剂用于去除合成废水中的重金属。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
9.30%
发文量
408
审稿时长
49 days
期刊介绍: Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification is intended for practicing researchers in industry and academia, working in the field of Process Engineering and related to the subject of Process Intensification.Articles published in the Journal demonstrate how novel discoveries, developments and theories in the field of Process Engineering and in particular Process Intensification may be used for analysis and design of innovative equipment and processing methods with substantially improved sustainability, efficiency and environmental performance.
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