Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification最新文献

Low-cost reinforcement learning framework to optimize micromixer structures and parameters 低成本强化学习框架优化微混合器结构和参数

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cep.2026.110727

Quanjiang Li , Tao Bu , Zhuang Zhang , Jingtao Wang

Micromixers play a crucial role in microfluidic technology. Given the complexity, challenges, and time-consuming nature of their design processes, automating the design and optimization of micromixers is of paramount importance. This study proposes a low-overhead sequential decision-making reinforcement learning framework that addresses the issue of interoperability between various inversion algorithms and finite element simulations, thereby enabling the dynamic optimization of micromixer geometries. The framework integrates ezdxf, Mph, COMSOL, and a custom-designed reward function to facilitate both the geometric and parametric design. The custom-designed reward function enhances the interaction between the reinforcement learning agent and the integrated framework, guiding the decision-making process towards optimal objectives. The effectiveness of the framework was validated through a case involving a parameter space of size 10,800. With mixing index and Mixing Energy Cost as the optimization objectives, the RL process converged after 178 agent–environment interactions, reducing the interaction count by approximately 44.03% relative to genetic algorithms. Furthermore, this framework can be easily adapted, with minimal modifications, for application to other finite element analysis problems.

微混合器在微流控技术中起着至关重要的作用。鉴于其设计过程的复杂性，挑战性和耗时性，微混合器的自动化设计和优化至关重要。本研究提出了一个低开销的顺序决策强化学习框架，该框架解决了各种反演算法和有限元模拟之间的互操作性问题，从而实现了微混合器几何形状的动态优化。该框架集成了ezdxf、Mph、COMSOL和定制设计的奖励函数，以促进几何和参数化设计。定制设计的奖励函数增强了强化学习代理与集成框架之间的交互作用，引导决策过程朝着最优目标发展。通过一个参数空间为10,800的实例验证了该框架的有效性。以混合指数和混合能量成本为优化目标，RL过程在agent -环境交互178次后收敛，相对于遗传算法减少了约44.03%的交互次数。此外，这个框架可以很容易地适应，以最小的修改，应用于其他有限元分析问题。

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引用次数: 0

Process intensification in co-production of plant and bacterial cellulose from citrus waste: A review 柑橘废弃物植物纤维素与细菌纤维素联产工艺强化研究进展

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cep.2026.110730

Hanieh Ghorbani jafarbigloo, Alireza Chackoshian Khorasani

Bacterial cellulose (BC) offers remarkable properties such as biodegradability and biocompatibility, but its commercialization remains challenging due to high costs. A promising solution involves converting such as citrus waste (CW), into BC alongside other value-added products, enhancing sustainability and reducing expenses. While CW has been studied for plant cellulose extraction and limited BC production, existing reviews focus on pectin, polyphenols, or biofuels, neglecting combined plant cellulose and BC valorization. This review analyzes plant cellulose and BC production from CW, proposing an integrated approach. It evaluates physical, chemical, and biological extraction methods for plant cellulose, comparing efficiency and cost-effectiveness. For BC, key factors such as microbial strains, culture media, and process conditions are examined, with a performance comparison across methods. Challenges in scaling up production are also discussed. The study introduces a circular system: extracting plant cellulose as the primary product and converting residues into BC as a by-product. This dual approach improves sustainability, reduces fruit waste, and aligns with eco-economic goals—a gap unexplored in prior research. By optimizing waste utilization and lowering costs, this integrated model could advance bacterial and plant cellulose production while addressing environmental concerns.

细菌纤维素（BC）具有生物可降解性和生物相容性等显著特性，但由于成本高，其商业化仍具有挑战性。一个有希望的解决方案是将柑橘废弃物（CW）与其他增值产品一起转化为BC，从而提高可持续性并降低成本。虽然已经对植物纤维素提取和有限的BC生产进行了研究，但现有的综述主要集中在果胶、多酚或生物燃料上，而忽略了植物纤维素和BC的复合增值。本文对植物纤维素和BC的生产进行了分析，并提出了综合的方法。它评估了植物纤维素的物理、化学和生物提取方法，比较了效率和成本效益。对于BC，关键因素如微生物菌株、培养基和工艺条件进行了检查，并对不同方法进行了性能比较。还讨论了扩大生产的挑战。该研究介绍了一个循环系统：提取植物纤维素作为主要产品，将残留物转化为BC作为副产物。这种双重方法提高了可持续性，减少了水果浪费，并与生态经济目标保持一致-这是先前研究中未探索的空白。通过优化废物利用和降低成本，这种集成模型可以促进细菌和植物纤维素生产，同时解决环境问题。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrodynamic cavitation-assisted biodiesel production from waste oils: A scalable strategy with fuel quality enhancement 水动力空化辅助从废油生产生物柴油：提高燃料质量的可扩展策略

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cep.2026.110721

Nirav Prajapati , Surendra Singh Kachhwaha , Pravin Kodgire , Rakesh Kumar Vij , Jeffrey S. Cross

Despite extensive research in biodiesel synthesis, there is a notable scarcity of pilot-scale studies that integrate hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), individually with mixed-alcohol transesterification, as well as high-free fatty acid (FFA) feedstock blends, along with experimentally validated property improvements and rigorous techno-economic analysis (TEA). This study reports, for the first time, the use of a 100-L pilot scale HC system incorporating a 32-hole orifice for biodiesel production from low-FFA waste cooking oil (WCO) evaluated through two distinct data sets: (i) high-FFA rice bran acid oil (RAO) blending using a two-step esterification followed by transesterification, and (ii) equimolar methanol-ethanol transesterification. The first run produced an FFA conversion of 96.87 ± 0.6 %, along with a biodiesel yield of 92.86 ± 0.5 % and an overall yield efficiency of 0.40 × 10^-3 kg/kJ, whereas the second run achieved a biodiesel yield of 93.52 ± 0.5 % and a yield efficiency of 0.76 × 10^-3 kg/kJ. Both runs demonstrated enhancements in the physicochemical properties of produced biodiesel with all measured values complying with ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. TEA results indicated high profitability, evidenced by robust return on investment (ROI), internal rate of return (IRR), energy return on investment (EROI), and payback values, along with strong scalability for both data sets.

尽管在生物柴油合成方面进行了广泛的研究，但明显缺乏将流体动力空化（HC）单独与混合醇酯交换以及高游离脂肪酸（FFA）原料混合物结合起来的中试规模研究，以及经过实验验证的性能改进和严格的技术经济分析（TEA）。本研究首次报道了使用100 l中试规模HC系统（包含32孔孔）从低ffa废食用油（WCO）生产生物柴油，通过两个不同的数据集进行评估：(i)高ffa米糠酸油（RAO）混合使用两步酯化和酯交换，以及（ii）等摩尔甲醇-乙醇酯交换。第一次运行的FFA转化率为96.87±0.6%，生物柴油收率为92.86±0.5%，总产率为0.40 × 10-3 kg/kJ，而第二次运行的生物柴油收率为93.52±0.5%，产率为0.76 × 10-3 kg/kJ。两次运行都证明了生产的生物柴油的物理化学特性的增强，所有测量值都符合ASTM D6751和EN 14214标准。TEA结果表明高盈利能力，证明了强劲的投资回报率（ROI）、内部回报率（IRR）、能源投资回报率（EROI）和回报值，以及两个数据集的强大可扩展性。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated pretreatment–membrane systems for water and wastewater treatment: A critical review on fouling control and combined process efficiency 水和废水处理的集成预处理-膜系统：污染控制和组合工艺效率综述

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cep.2026.110722

Shikha Jha , Aditya Tripathi, Brijesh Kumar Mishra

Membrane technologies such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis are widely used for water and wastewater treatment due to their high separation efficiency of pollutants. However, membrane fouling remains the inherent challenge, leading to reduced flux, higher energy demand, and frequent chemical cleaning. Pretreatment plays an important role in controlling fouling, improving membrane lifespan, and maintaining stable operation. This review presents a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art pretreatment approaches, ranging from conventional methods such as coagulation–flocculation, sedimentation, and adsorption to advanced processes like electrocoagulation, oxidation, biological pretreatment, and others. Particular emphasis is given on how different pretreatment methods target specific foulants, such as suspended solids, organic and inorganic matter, colloids, and biofilm-forming microorganisms, and reduce the type of pollutants. The effectiveness of each strategy in combination with the membrane filtration process is critically discussed in enhancing pollutant removal, reducing fouling propensity, and improving overall sustainability of the system. Further, the review discusses a rationale behind choosing a pretreatment process based on types of water, environmental sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and other factors. It concludes with the future research directions aimed at developing energy-efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable pretreatment technologies for the membrane filtration process.

膜技术如微滤、超滤、纳滤、反渗透等因其对污染物的分离效率高而被广泛应用于水和废水处理。然而，膜污染仍然是固有的挑战，导致通量降低，更高的能源需求和频繁的化学清洗。预处理对控制膜污染、提高膜寿命、维持膜稳定运行具有重要作用。这篇综述全面概述了最先进的预处理方法，从传统的方法，如混凝-絮凝、沉淀和吸附，到先进的工艺，如电凝、氧化、生物预处理等。特别强调了不同的预处理方法如何针对特定的污染物，如悬浮固体、有机和无机物、胶体和形成生物膜的微生物，并减少污染物的类型。每种策略与膜过滤过程相结合的有效性在增强污染物去除，降低污染倾向和提高系统的整体可持续性方面进行了严格讨论。此外，本文还讨论了基于水的类型、环境可持续性、成本效益和其他因素选择预处理工艺的基本原理。展望了未来的研究方向，即开发高效、经济、环保的膜过滤预处理技术。

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引用次数: 0

Study on the characteristics of phenol degradation by microwave radiation over NiO/BC catalyst NiO/BC催化剂微波辐射降解苯酚的特性研究

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cep.2026.110720

JIANG Xi , PANG Yunji , ZHANG Tiejun

This study prepared a biochar-supported nickel oxide (NiO/BC) catalyst for the microwave-catalyzed degradation of gaseous phenol, aiming to investigate the degradation mechanism and pathway regulation. By optimizing preparation and reaction parameters, it was found that at a Ni loading of 6 wt% and a microwave power of 480 W, the gas-phase products accounted for 98.6% of the total products, with optimal selectivity for H₂ and CO in the syngas. Characterization results indicated that NiO was in-situ reduced to metallic Ni nanoparticles during the reaction, forming the key catalytically active centers that synergistically catalyzed cracking and hydrogenation reactions. This process primarily converted phenol into syngas (H₂ + CO) and long-chain alkanes (tetradecane). The study further revealed that excessively high microwave power caused the sintering of Ni particles, resulting in catalyst deactivation. This research elucidates the dynamic evolution of the catalyst under microwave irradiation and the directed conversion mechanism of phenol, providing a scientific basis for developing efficient and stable microwave-catalyzed technologies for the resource treatment of organic pollutants.

本研究制备了一种生物炭负载的氧化镍（NiO/BC）催化剂，用于微波催化降解气态苯酚，旨在探讨其降解机理和途径调控。通过对制备工艺和反应参数的优化，发现在Ni负载为6 wt%、微波功率为480 W时，气相产物占总产物的98.6%，对合成气中的H₂和CO具有最佳的选择性。表征结果表明，NiO在反应过程中被原位还原为金属镍纳米粒子，形成了关键的催化活性中心，协同催化裂化和加氢反应。该过程主要将苯酚转化为合成气（h2 + CO）和长链烷烃（十四烷）。研究进一步发现，过高的微波功率导致Ni颗粒烧结，导致催化剂失活。本研究阐明了微波辐照下催化剂的动态演化和苯酚的定向转化机理，为开发高效、稳定的微波催化有机污染物资源化处理技术提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Recent Advances in the continuous synthesis of zeolite using tubular reactor 管式反应器连续合成沸石的研究进展

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.cep.2026.110719

Jialong Liu, Subing Fan, Yurong He, Junmin Lv

Zeolite has broad applications in the fields of catalysis and adsorption separation. The conventional batch synthesis process suffers from drawbacks such as low efficiency, complex operation and inconsistent product quality. Therefore, developing reliable and efficient zeolite synthesis routes has become a research hotspot in recent years. Compared to traditional batch reactors, tubular reactor offers superior heat and mass transfer performance, playing a crucial role in process intensification for zeolite synthesis. Continuous synthesis in tubular reactors is a potential effective route, as it not only significantly reduces crystallization time and improves space-time yield but also ensures consistent product quality across batches. Based on recent advances in this field, this review mainly introduces the reactor configurations for continuous zeolite synthesis in tubular systems, discusses the advantages of the synthesis process and product characteristics, clarifies the crystallization mechanisms of zeolites under continuous flow conditions, and especially emphasizes the reasons and solutions to the key problem of pipeline clogging in this process. Furthermore, perspectives on future research and industrial applications are suggested.

沸石在催化和吸附分离等领域有着广泛的应用。传统的间歇合成工艺存在效率低、操作复杂、产品质量不稳定等缺点。因此，开发可靠高效的沸石合成路线成为近年来的研究热点。与传统间歇式反应器相比，管式反应器具有优越的传热传质性能，在沸石合成过程强化中起着至关重要的作用。管式反应器连续合成是一种潜在的有效途径，它不仅显著缩短了结晶时间，提高了空时产率，而且保证了批次间产品质量的一致性。综述了近年来该领域的研究进展，主要介绍了管状系统连续合成沸石的反应器配置，讨论了合成工艺的优点和产品特性，阐明了沸石在连续流条件下的结晶机理，重点介绍了该工艺中管道堵塞的关键问题的原因和解决方法。最后，对今后的研究和工业应用提出了展望。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advances in macroalgae–plastic co-pyrolysis for high-quality fuel production 巨藻-塑料共热解制备高质量燃料的研究进展

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cep.2026.110713

Apip Amrullah , Jingang Yao , Motasem Y.D. Alazaiza , Obie Farobie

The global accumulation of plastic waste and the underutilization of macroalgae pose significant environmental challenges. Co-pyrolysis, a thermochemical process, has shown promise in converting these waste streams into high-quality biofuels. This review specifically focuses on macroalgae-plastic co-pyrolysis, a distinct area which differs from broader biomass-plastic studies because of the unique chemical composition and thermal behavior of macroalgae. We explored the synergistic effects during co-pyrolysis, such as enhanced bio-oil yield (typically 10–25% compared to biomass alone), improved heating value, and reduced oxygen content, driven by mechanisms such as hydrogen donation from plastics and mineral-catalyzed cracking from macroalgae ash. Recent studies have demonstrated that co-pyrolysis of macroalgae and plastics can lead to significant improvements in bio-oil yield compared to biomass-only pyrolysis. Co-pyrolysis typically results in a 10–25% increase in bio-oil yield, enhanced heating values, and reduced oxygen content in the bio-oil. This synergistic effect arises from the interaction between the oxygen-rich volatiles from macroalgae and the hydrogen-rich radicals from plastics, which facilitates polymer degradation and improves the thermal characteristics of the pyrolysis process. Several studies have observed improvements in bio-oil quality, with some noting substantial increases in the carbon content of the oil, thus enhancing its calorific value. Unlike previous reviews that generally cover biomass-plastic co-pyrolysis, this study emphasizes the specific interactions between macroalgae and plastics, with a focus on feedstock characteristics, reaction mechanisms, and strategies for optimizing product yield and quality. Key strategies, including optimal feedstock ratios, temperature ranges, and catalyst types, are discussed in detail. The novelty of this review lies in its comprehensive synthesis of the specific mechanisms that enhance the co-pyrolysis process, offering new insights into this promising yet underexplored field. Despite the potential, challenges such as feedstock variability, catalyst deactivation, and scale-up issues remain, and future research directions to address these barriers are outlined.

塑料废物的全球积累和大型藻类的利用不足构成了重大的环境挑战。共热解是一种热化学过程，有望将这些废物转化为高质量的生物燃料。这篇综述特别关注了巨藻-塑料共热解，这是一个不同于更广泛的生物质-塑料研究的独特领域，因为巨藻的独特化学成分和热行为。我们探索了共热解过程中的协同效应，如提高生物油收率（与单独的生物质相比通常为10-25%）、提高热值和降低氧含量，这是由塑料的氢捐赠和大型藻类灰的矿物催化裂解等机制驱动的。最近的研究表明，与仅热解生物质相比，大型藻类和塑料的共热解可以显著提高生物油的产量。共热解通常会导致生物油收率提高10-25%，热值提高，生物油中的氧含量降低。这种协同效应源于大型藻类的富氧挥发物与塑料中的富氢自由基的相互作用，促进了聚合物的降解，改善了热解过程的热特性。一些研究已经观察到生物油质量的改善，其中一些注意到油的碳含量大幅增加，从而提高了其热值。与以往关于生物质-塑料共热解的综述不同，本研究强调了大型藻类与塑料之间的具体相互作用，重点关注原料特性、反应机制以及优化产品产量和质量的策略。关键策略，包括最佳进料比，温度范围和催化剂类型，详细讨论。这篇综述的新颖之处在于它全面综合了增强共热解过程的具体机制，为这一有前途但尚未开发的领域提供了新的见解。尽管具有潜力，但诸如原料可变性、催化剂失活和放大问题等挑战仍然存在，并概述了未来解决这些障碍的研究方向。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental study on the characteristics of magnesium-based composite inhibitor inhibiting coal spontaneous combustion 镁基复合缓燃剂抑制煤自燃特性的实验研究

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cep.2026.110715

Gang Bai , Shuoshuo Wang , Xueming Li , Ge Huang , Fengwei Dai , Xun Zhang

To address single inhibitors' drawbacks (low efficiency, short duration), this study compounds magnesium chloride hexahydrate with high-stability Mg(OH)₂, based on their stage-specific inhibition characteristics during coal oxidation, aiming to optimize inhibitors. Using contact angle tests, synchronous thermal analysis, in-situ infrared, and temperature-programmed oxidation, it explores the composite's effects on coal oxidation parameters/microgroups and its inhibition on coal spontaneous combustion.Results show inhibited coal has ∼30° lower contact angle (enhanced hydrophilicity, uniform particle size), higher characteristic temperature than raw coal, increased low-temperature oxidation heat absorption, less net heat release, and higher apparent activation energy across four oxidation stages. The optimal ratio is Mg(OH)₂:MgCl₂=1:1. The composite acts by reducing coal's active groups (hydroxyl, methyl/methylene, carbon-oxygen intermediates) and increasing stable ether bonds, it also lowers CO volume fraction and oxygen consumption, with inhibition rate always >40 %. Mechanistically, At low temperatures, MgCl₂'s strong water absorption forms a water film to isolate oxygen, and the decomposition product Mg²⁺ reacts with ROO• and Ar-OH to form a stable coordination compound with bidentate coordination bonds. Cl⁻ and ROO• undergo a single electron transfer reaction to quench ROO•; appropriate Mg(OH)₂ enhances MgCl₂'s water absorption. At high temperatures, Mg(OH)₂ thermally decomposes into a MgO protective layer and absorbs heat during decomposition.

针对单一抑制剂效率低、持续时间短的缺点，本研究基于六水氯化镁与高稳定性Mg(OH)2在煤氧化过程中的阶段特异性抑制特性，将其复合，以优化抑制剂。通过接触角测试、同步热分析、原位红外和程控温度氧化，探讨了复合材料对煤氧化参数/微团的影响及其对煤自燃的抑制作用。结果表明，与原煤相比，抑制煤的接触角降低~ 30°（亲水性增强，粒度均匀），特征温度更高，低温氧化吸热增加，净热释放减少，四个氧化阶段的表观活化能更高。最佳配比为Mg(OH)2:MgCl2=1:1。复合材料通过降低煤的活性基团（羟基、甲基/亚甲基、碳氧中间体）和增加稳定的醚键，降低CO体积分数和耗氧量，抑制率达40%。机制上，在低温下，MgCl2的强吸水性形成水膜隔离氧，分解产物Mg2+与ROO•和Ar-OH反应形成具有双齿配位键的稳定配位化合物。Cl−和ROO•发生单电子转移反应以淬灭ROO•；适量的Mg(OH)2提高了MgCl2的吸水率。在高温下，Mg(OH)2热分解成MgO保护层，并在分解过程中吸收热量。

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引用次数: 0

Design, optimization and manufacturing of a novel microfluidic device for nano-andrographolide preparation 新型纳米穿心莲内酯制备微流控装置的设计、优化与制造

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cep.2026.110718

Yimin Wei , Chen Gong , Su Wang , Xin Yuan , Yirong Feng , Ning Zhu , Wei He , Shuangfei Zhao

Precise management of particle size and distribution is crucial for nanomedicine performance. In this study, using the anti-cancer medicine andrographolide as a typical insoluble medicine, we present a systematic approach to the design, optimization, and manufacturing of a novel microfluidic device for high-throughput and size-tunable preparation of nanomedicines. By integrating Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) with computational fluid dynamics (CFD), we designed and optimized a new microfluidic structure. The optimized structure demonstrated superior mixing efficiency and low pressure drop in water-water systems, achieving a higher performance index (PI) in oil-ethanol systems compared to existing microdevices. The microfluidic field device achieves size-tunable preparation of nano-andrographolide (about 7.9 nm), which is reduced to 1.4% of the traditional method. This innovative method has the potential to advance the field of nanomedicine manufacturing.

对颗粒大小和分布的精确管理对纳米药物的性能至关重要。在本研究中，我们以抗癌药物穿心莲内酯为典型的不溶性药物，系统地设计、优化和制造了一种新型的微流控装置，用于高通量和尺寸可调的纳米药物制备。将中心复合可旋转设计（CCRD）与计算流体力学（CFD）相结合，设计并优化了一种新型微流控结构。优化后的结构在水-水系统中表现出优异的混合效率和低的压降，与现有的微装置相比，在油-乙醇系统中实现了更高的性能指数（PI）。微流控场装置实现了纳米穿心莲内酯（约7.9 nm）的尺寸可调制备，将制备工艺降低到传统方法的1.4%。这种创新的方法有可能推动纳米药物制造领域的发展。

引用次数: 0

Time-dependent extraction of pectins from jabuticaba peel using hydrothermal, microwave, and ultrasound methods: Physicochemical and morphological characterization 水热法、微波法和超声法提取木瓜果胶的时间依赖性：理化和形态学表征

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cep.2026.110717

Layanne Rodrigues da Silva , Maria Tereza Sarmento da Fonseca , Douglas Vinicius Pinheiro de Figueiredo , Larissa da Silva Santos Pinheiro , Thais Jaciane Araujo Rodrigues , Newton Carlos Santos , Josivanda Palmeira Gomes , Ana Paula Trindade Rocha

This study evaluated the influence of extraction time and method, namely hydrothermal (HDE), microwave assisted (MAE) and ultrasound assisted (UAE), on the yield and characterization of pectin extracted from jabuticaba peel. Extractions were conducted at 1, 3 and 5 min for HDE (HDE1, HDE3 and HDE5) and MAE (MAE1, MAE3 and MAE5), and at 15, 25 and 35 min for UAE (UAE15, UAE25 and UAE35). Conventional extraction (CE) at 100 °C for 35 min was used as a control. The highest yields were obtained by HDE (20.72–39.79%), particularly HDE3 (p < 0.05). CE produced pectin with greater structural integrity but lower yield (10.82%) (p < 0.05). UAE25 (20.25%) and MAE3 (29.17%) exhibited the lowest degree of esterification (DE), suggesting partial depolymerization under more intense conditions. MAE samples presented the highest galacturonic acid contents (71.53–76.36%), indicating high purity. Gel strength in UAE15 (52.82 g) and UAE25 (49.15 g) was comparable to CE (57.51 g), showing cohesive gel formation even with lower DE. Color, structural and morphological analyses revealed changes dependent on extraction time and method. Overall, appropriate time control is crucial to preserve pectin quality, and intensified processes, particularly HDE1 and HDE3, are promising sustainable alternatives to CE for the valorization of agro industrial residues.

研究了水热法（HDE）、微波辅助法（MAE）和超声辅助法（UAE）提取时间和提取方法对叶青果胶得率和表征的影响。提取HDE （HDE1， HDE3和HDE5）和MAE （MAE1， MAE3和MAE5）的时间分别为1、3和5 min，提取UAE （UAE15， UAE25和UAE35）的时间分别为15、25和35 min。常规萃取（CE）在100°C下萃取35 min作为对照。HDE的产率最高（20.72 ~ 39.79%），尤其是HDE3 （p < 0.05）。CE生产的果胶结构完整性较高，但产率较低（10.82%）（p < 0.05）。UAE25（20.25%）和MAE3（29.17%）表现出最低的酯化程度（DE），表明在更强的条件下存在部分解聚。MAE样品中半乳糖醛酸含量最高（71.53 ~ 76.36%），纯度较高。UAE15 （52.82 g）和UAE25 （49.15 g）的凝胶强度与CE （57.51 g）相当，即使在较低DE的情况下也表现出粘连的凝胶形成。颜色、结构和形态分析显示了提取时间和方法的变化。总的来说，适当的时间控制对于保持果胶质量至关重要，强化工艺，特别是HDE1和HDE3，是有希望的可持续替代CE的农业工业残留物。

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引用次数: 0