Habitat loss, extinction debt and climate change threaten terricolous lichens in lowland open dry habitats

IF 1.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Fungal Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI:10.1016/j.funeco.2024.101384
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Abstract

Habitat loss is the main driver of biodiversity decline worldwide. An immediate consequence can be extinction debt, i.e. time-delayed extinction of species following habitat loss. We tested extinction debt in terricolous lichen communities in 45 patches of lowland open dry habitats in the western Po Plain (northern Italy) considering richness of four species groups: total, red-listed, rare, and common species. The distance from the currently nearest patch and the annual precipitation correlated – negatively and positively, respectively – with all the groups. Total, red-listed, and rare species were positively related to the oldest available patch extent (1954). Common species were positively related to the current (2020) patch extent. Total and red-listed species were negatively related to the extent difference (1954–2020). Results reveal an extinction debt which has not yet been completely paid and that could be exacerbated by climate change. To counteract this trend, management should conserve habitat patches with the highest species richness, improve connectivity between habitat patches, and provide suitable microrefugia for species with different ecological requirements.

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栖息地丧失、灭绝债务和气候变化威胁着低地开阔干旱栖息地的陆生地衣
栖息地丧失是全球生物多样性减少的主要原因。其直接后果可能是物种灭绝债务,即栖息地丧失后物种灭绝的时间延迟。我们在波河平原西部(意大利北部)的 45 个低地开阔干旱生境斑块中测试了陆生地衣群落的灭绝债务,考虑了四个物种组的丰富度:总物种、红色名录物种、稀有物种和常见物种。与目前最近的斑块的距离和年降水量分别与所有组别呈负相关和正相关。全部物种、列入红色名录的物种和稀有物种与最早的斑块范围(1954 年)呈正相关。常见物种与当前(2020 年)的斑块范围呈正相关。全部物种和列入红色名录的物种与范围差异(1954-2020 年)呈负相关。结果表明,物种灭绝的债务尚未完全偿还,气候变化可能会加剧这种情况。为应对这一趋势,管理部门应保护物种丰富度最高的栖息地斑块,改善栖息地斑块之间的连通性,并为具有不同生态要求的物种提供合适的微型庇护所。
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来源期刊
Fungal Ecology
Fungal Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
3.40%
发文量
51
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Fungal Ecology publishes investigations into all aspects of fungal ecology, including the following (not exclusive): population dynamics; adaptation; evolution; role in ecosystem functioning, nutrient cycling, decomposition, carbon allocation; ecophysiology; intra- and inter-specific mycelial interactions, fungus-plant (pathogens, mycorrhizas, lichens, endophytes), fungus-invertebrate and fungus-microbe interaction; genomics and (evolutionary) genetics; conservation and biodiversity; remote sensing; bioremediation and biodegradation; quantitative and computational aspects - modelling, indicators, complexity, informatics. The usual prerequisites for publication will be originality, clarity, and significance as relevant to a better understanding of the ecology of fungi.
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