Fungal Ecology最新文献

Soil fungal communities differ among forest types but show limited response to cessation of ecosystem engineering by the superb Lyrebird (Menura novaehollandiae) 不同森林类型的土壤真菌群落存在差异，但对琴鸟（Menura novaehollanddiae）停止生态系统工程的响应有限。

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2026.101498

Alex C. Maisey , Lucie Semenec , Eleonora Egidi , Angie Haslem , Andrew F. Bennett

Animals that disturb soil – bioturbators and ecosystem engineers – influence soil fungal communities by altering the litter, soil structure, and microclimates. They can also consume fungi and disperse fungal spores. We tested whether foraging by the superb lyrebird Menura novaehollandiae, a prolific soil-disturbing passerine, affects soil fungal composition, richness, and diversity. Across three forest types in south-eastern Australia, we applied replicated experimental treatments (lyrebird exclusion, simulated lyrebird foraging, access by lyrebirds) and sampled fungal communities over two years using ITS amplicon sequencing. Fungal composition varied strongly between forest types, despite close spatial proximity, with rainforest soils showing lower richness but higher diversity. However, cessation of lyrebird foraging had no detectable short-term effect on fungal communities over the two-year study. This is likely due to a time-lag in fungal communities responding to altered conditions, especially given a legacy of adaptation to patchy disturbance by lyrebirds over millennia. Our work highlights the need for longer-term studies to uncover the effects of animal-driven soil turnover on fungal community composition and maintenance.

破坏土壤的动物——生物扰流器和生态系统工程师——通过改变凋落物、土壤结构和小气候来影响土壤真菌群落。它们还可以消耗真菌并传播真菌孢子。我们测试了一种多产的干扰土壤的雀琴鸟Menura novaehollandiae的觅食是否会影响土壤真菌的组成、丰富度和多样性。在澳大利亚东南部的三种森林类型中，我们采用了重复的实验处理（排除琴鸟、模拟琴鸟觅食、琴鸟进入），并使用ITS扩增子测序对真菌群落进行了两年的采样。不同森林类型的真菌组成差异很大，尽管空间接近，雨林土壤的丰富度较低，但多样性较高。然而，在为期两年的研究中，停止琴鸟觅食对真菌群落没有可检测到的短期影响。这可能是由于真菌群落对变化条件的反应存在时滞，特别是考虑到几千年来对琴鸟的零星干扰的适应。我们的工作强调需要进行长期研究，以揭示动物驱动的土壤周转对真菌群落组成和维持的影响。

{"title":"Soil fungal communities differ among forest types but show limited response to cessation of ecosystem engineering by the superb Lyrebird (Menura novaehollandiae)","authors":"Alex C. Maisey , Lucie Semenec , Eleonora Egidi , Angie Haslem , Andrew F. Bennett","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2026.101498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2026.101498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animals that disturb soil – bioturbators and ecosystem engineers – influence soil fungal communities by altering the litter, soil structure, and microclimates. They can also consume fungi and disperse fungal spores. We tested whether foraging by the superb lyrebird <em>Menura novaehollandiae</em>, a prolific soil-disturbing passerine, affects soil fungal composition, richness, and diversity. Across three forest types in south-eastern Australia, we applied replicated experimental treatments (lyrebird exclusion, simulated lyrebird foraging, access by lyrebirds) and sampled fungal communities over two years using ITS amplicon sequencing. Fungal composition varied strongly between forest types, despite close spatial proximity, with rainforest soils showing lower richness but higher diversity. However, cessation of lyrebird foraging had no detectable short-term effect on fungal communities over the two-year study. This is likely due to a time-lag in fungal communities responding to altered conditions, especially given a legacy of adaptation to patchy disturbance by lyrebirds over millennia. Our work highlights the need for longer-term studies to uncover the effects of animal-driven soil turnover on fungal community composition and maintenance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 101498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Persistence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with thinning disturbances and local soil property variation in a planted Cryptomeria japonica forest 丛枝菌根真菌的持久性与间伐干扰和当地土壤性质的变化在人工柳杉林中

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2026.101496

Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan , Norihisa Matsushita , Yosuke Matsuda , Kenji Fukuda

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) live in roots and soil simultaneously and respond to local disturbances. Although it is well established that habitat disturbances affect not only soils but also root-associated fungal communities, how thinning affects root AMF communities of residual trees remains a significant knowledge gap. Here, we clarified the previously unknown cohabitation of persisting root AMF at four 50 × 50 m microsites with different soil properties and subjected to thinning disturbances in a planted forest in Japan. Root and soil samples were collected from 20 Cryptomeria japonica (Japanese cedar, Cupressaceae) trees with and without thinning disturbance for three years. Using Illumina MiSeq metabarcoding, we analyzed AMF cohabitation patterns and persistence in C. japonica roots. We detected Dominikia, Glomus, Microkamienskia, Nanoglomus, Parvocarpum, and Rhizophagus as dominant persistent AMF partners of C. japonica. Their observed significant spatial but not temporal variations were driven by soil pH and C/N. Most importantly, spatiotemporal within-tree rearrangements among these taxa were observed at all microsites. We concluded that cohabitation of persistent root-colonizing AMF occurs over dynamic temporal rearrangements regardless of disturbances, highlighting strong host – symbiont bonds.

丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）同时生活在根和土壤中，并对局部干扰作出反应。虽然生境干扰不仅影响土壤，而且影响与根相关的真菌群落，但间伐如何影响残树的根AMF群落仍然是一个重要的知识空白。在这里，我们澄清了以前未知的在日本人工林中四个50 × 50 m的不同土壤性质和受到间伐干扰的持久根AMF的共同存在。对20棵有间伐干扰和没有间伐干扰的杉木树种进行了3年的根系和土壤取样。利用Illumina MiSeq元条形码分析了粳稻根中AMF的同居模式和持久性。结果表明，多米尼亚菌、Glomus菌、Microkamienskia菌、Nanoglomus菌、Parvocarpum菌和Rhizophagus菌是粳稻的显性AMF伙伴。土壤pH值和碳氮比对土壤养分的时空变化影响不大。最重要的是，在所有的微点上都观察到这些分类群在树内的时空重排。我们的结论是，持久的根定殖AMF的同居发生在动态的时间重排中，而不受干扰，突出了强大的宿主-共生体关系。

{"title":"Persistence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with thinning disturbances and local soil property variation in a planted Cryptomeria japonica forest","authors":"Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan , Norihisa Matsushita , Yosuke Matsuda , Kenji Fukuda","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2026.101496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2026.101496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) live in roots and soil simultaneously and respond to local disturbances. Although it is well established that habitat disturbances affect not only soils but also root-associated fungal communities, how thinning affects root AMF communities of residual trees remains a significant knowledge gap. Here, we clarified the previously unknown cohabitation of persisting root AMF at four 50 × 50 m microsites with different soil properties and subjected to thinning disturbances in a planted forest in Japan. Root and soil samples were collected from 20 <em>Cryptomeria japonica</em> (Japanese cedar, Cupressaceae) trees with and without thinning disturbance for three years. Using Illumina MiSeq metabarcoding, we analyzed AMF cohabitation patterns and persistence in <em>C. japonica</em> roots. We detected <em>Dominikia</em>, <em>Glomus</em>, <em>Microkamienskia</em>, <em>Nanoglomus</em>, <em>Parvocarpum</em>, and <em>Rhizophagus</em> as dominant persistent AMF partners of <em>C. japonica</em>. Their observed significant spatial but not temporal variations were driven by soil pH and C/N. Most importantly, spatiotemporal within-tree rearrangements among these taxa were observed at all microsites. We concluded that cohabitation of persistent root-colonizing AMF occurs over dynamic temporal rearrangements regardless of disturbances, highlighting strong host – symbiont bonds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 101496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrating functional, taxonomic, and phylogenetic diversity to explain lichen biocrust responses to edaphic and climatic drivers 整合功能、分类和系统发育多样性来解释地衣生物结壳对地理和气候驱动因素的反应

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2026.101495

Sergio Muriel , Pilar Hurtado , Isabel Martínez , Gregorio Aragón , Luca Di Nuzzo , Renato García , María Prieto

Lichens are bioindicators due to their sensitivity to environmental variables. As key constituents of biological soil crusts in gypsum-rich arid ecosystems, their links to abiotic factors offer insights into ecological processes. We studied lichen community responses to environmental variation in gypsum soils in Spain. Sampling was conducted in 35 plots, estimating lichen cover to quantify taxonomic diversity (TD), calculate functional diversity (FD) assessing and measuring qualitative and quantitative traits, and compute phylogenetic diversity (PD) using a community-level phylogenetic tree. A higher diversity (TD, FD, PD) was found in plots with less extreme temperature conditions. Higher TD, total FD, and FD of quantitative traits were observed in plots with greater precipitation. FD of quantitative traits was positively associated with gypsum content. Functional variability was mostly explained by intraspecific variability except in water-related traits. Our findings reinforce the relevance of trait-based approaches in understanding patterns of lichen biodiversity.

地衣对环境变量的敏感性使其成为生物指标。作为富石膏干旱生态系统中生物土壤结皮的关键成分，它们与非生物因素的联系为了解生态过程提供了线索。研究了西班牙石膏土地衣群落对环境变化的响应。在35个样地取样，估算地衣盖度以量化分类多样性（TD），计算功能多样性（FD），评估和测量定性和定量性状，并利用群落级系统发育树计算系统发育多样性（PD）。极端温度条件较少的样地具有较高的TD、FD、PD多样性。降水量较大的样地，其数量性状的TD、总FD和FD均较高。数量性状FD与石膏含量呈正相关。除水分相关性状外，功能变异主要用种内变异来解释。我们的发现加强了基于性状的方法在理解地衣生物多样性模式方面的相关性。

{"title":"Integrating functional, taxonomic, and phylogenetic diversity to explain lichen biocrust responses to edaphic and climatic drivers","authors":"Sergio Muriel , Pilar Hurtado , Isabel Martínez , Gregorio Aragón , Luca Di Nuzzo , Renato García , María Prieto","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2026.101495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2026.101495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lichens are bioindicators due to their sensitivity to environmental variables. As key constituents of biological soil crusts in gypsum-rich arid ecosystems, their links to abiotic factors offer insights into ecological processes. We studied lichen community responses to environmental variation in gypsum soils in Spain. Sampling was conducted in 35 plots, estimating lichen cover to quantify taxonomic diversity (TD), calculate functional diversity (FD) assessing and measuring qualitative and quantitative traits, and compute phylogenetic diversity (PD) using a community-level phylogenetic tree. A higher diversity (TD, FD, PD) was found in plots with less extreme temperature conditions. Higher TD, total FD, and FD of quantitative traits were observed in plots with greater precipitation. FD of quantitative traits was positively associated with gypsum content. Functional variability was mostly explained by intraspecific variability except in water-related traits. Our findings reinforce the relevance of trait-based approaches in understanding patterns of lichen biodiversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 101495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aridity governs biogeographic patterns of soil fungal communities on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 干旱支配着青藏高原土壤真菌群落的生物地理格局

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101491

Wenjun Xiong , Lin Xu , Chaonan Li , Changting Wang , Xiangzhen Li

Soil fungal communities play important roles in soil ecological processes. However, biogeographic patterns of soil fungal communities and the underlying mechanisms shaping these patterns are still not fully understood on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We conducted extensive soil sample collections in three regions differing in their aridity with different environmental conditions across an area spanned 2199 km in width and 1249 km in length in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). We investigated the biogeographical patterns of soil fungal diversity and the key factors shaping them. Null model analysis showed that the fungal species turnover processes linked to environmental selection predominantly govern the heterogeneity of fungal communities across the QTP. NDVI, which is primarily influenced by local climate, serves as a direct indicator of fungal community diversity. In arid and hyper-arid regions where the plant community remains stable, alkaline conditions lead to lower fungal species diversity. Conversely, low-pH environments in warm and humid regions were related to higher fungal species diversity. Our findings underscore the pivotal roles of plant and soil pH in response to climate fluctuations on the diversity of soil fungal communities in QTP.

土壤真菌群落在土壤生态过程中起着重要作用。然而，青藏高原土壤真菌群落的生物地理格局及其形成机制尚不完全清楚。在青藏高原宽2199 km、长1249 km的3个不同干旱区和不同环境条件下进行了土壤样品采集。研究了土壤真菌多样性的生物地理格局及其影响因素。零模型分析表明，与环境选择相关的真菌物种周转过程主要控制了QTP真菌群落的异质性。NDVI是真菌群落多样性的直接指标，主要受当地气候的影响。在植物群落保持稳定的干旱和超干旱地区，碱性条件导致真菌物种多样性降低。相反，温暖潮湿地区的低ph环境与较高的真菌物种多样性有关。我们的研究结果强调了植物和土壤pH值对气候波动的响应对QTP土壤真菌群落多样性的关键作用。

{"title":"Aridity governs biogeographic patterns of soil fungal communities on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","authors":"Wenjun Xiong , Lin Xu , Chaonan Li , Changting Wang , Xiangzhen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil fungal communities play important roles in soil ecological processes. However, biogeographic patterns of soil fungal communities and the underlying mechanisms shaping these patterns are still not fully understood on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We conducted extensive soil sample collections in three regions differing in their aridity with different environmental conditions across an area spanned 2199 km in width and 1249 km in length in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). We investigated the biogeographical patterns of soil fungal diversity and the key factors shaping them. Null model analysis showed that the fungal species turnover processes linked to environmental selection predominantly govern the heterogeneity of fungal communities across the QTP. NDVI, which is primarily influenced by local climate, serves as a direct indicator of fungal community diversity. In arid and hyper-arid regions where the plant community remains stable, alkaline conditions lead to lower fungal species diversity. Conversely, low-pH environments in warm and humid regions were related to higher fungal species diversity. Our findings underscore the pivotal roles of plant and soil pH in response to climate fluctuations on the diversity of soil fungal communities in QTP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 101491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using historic fungarium collections to assess macrofungal community shifts in insect-damaged eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) forests 利用历史真菌标本评估昆虫破坏的东部铁杉（Tsuga canada）森林中大型真菌群落的变化

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101494

Rebecca M. Mader , Keith N. Egger , Olivia Crooks , Matthew J. Smith , Allison K. Walker

Macrofungal community responses to ecosystem disturbances are poorly understood in eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) forests, which are threatened by the invasive hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) in eastern North America. To understand macrofungal community response to adelgid-caused hemlock damage, we studied macrofungal communities before and after an outbreak of pale-winged grey moth (Iridopsis ephyraria)—another insect that can destructively feed on hemlock—in Kejimkujik National Park & National Historic Site (Nova Scotia, Canada) hemlock plots. We compared 920 post-outbreak (2021–2023) and 1197 legacy (1990, 1991, & 1995) fungarium collections (E.C. Smith Herbarium, Acadia University) from the same sites. Collections were identified using ITS rDNA barcoding or morphological characteristics. Thirty-one indicator species were detected in the least damaged plots and greater moth damage corresponded to increased macrofungal community change across plots and over time. This suggests that intensifying adelgid infestations may permanently alter hemlock ecosystems, resulting in the loss of hemlock-preferring macrofungi.

北美东部铁杉（Tsuga canadensis）森林受到入侵铁杉绵蚜（Adelges tsugae）的威胁，对生态系统干扰的大型真菌群落反应知之甚少。为了了解大型真菌群落对蚜虫造成的铁杉危害的反应，我们在加拿大新斯科舍省的Kejimkujik国家公园和国家历史遗址的铁杉地研究了白翅灰蛾（irridopsis ephyraria）——另一种可以以铁杉为食的昆虫——爆发前后的大型真菌群落。我们比较了来自同一地点的920份疫情后（2021-2023年）和1197份遗留真菌标本（1990、1991和1995年）（阿卡迪亚大学E.C. Smith标本馆）。利用ITS rDNA条形码或形态特征对收集物进行鉴定。在危害最小的样地检测到31种指示种，危害越大，样地间和时间内大型真菌群落变化越大。这表明，加强蚜虫侵染可能永久性地改变铁杉生态系统，导致偏爱铁杉的大型真菌的丧失。

{"title":"Using historic fungarium collections to assess macrofungal community shifts in insect-damaged eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) forests","authors":"Rebecca M. Mader , Keith N. Egger , Olivia Crooks , Matthew J. Smith , Allison K. Walker","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Macrofungal community responses to ecosystem disturbances are poorly understood in eastern hemlock (<em>Tsuga canadensis</em>) forests, which are threatened by the invasive hemlock woolly adelgid (<em>Adelges tsugae</em>) in eastern North America. To understand macrofungal community response to adelgid-caused hemlock damage, we studied macrofungal communities before and after an outbreak of pale-winged grey moth (<em>Iridopsis ephyraria</em>)—another insect that can destructively feed on hemlock—in Kejimkujik National Park & National Historic Site (Nova Scotia, Canada) hemlock plots. We compared 920 post-outbreak (2021–2023) and 1197 legacy (1990, 1991, & 1995) fungarium collections (E.C. Smith Herbarium, Acadia University) from the same sites. Collections were identified using <em>ITS</em> rDNA barcoding or morphological characteristics. Thirty-one indicator species were detected in the least damaged plots and greater moth damage corresponded to increased macrofungal community change across plots and over time. This suggests that intensifying adelgid infestations may permanently alter hemlock ecosystems, resulting in the loss of hemlock-preferring macrofungi.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 101494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forest edge effects structure foliar fungal communities independent of host variation 森林边缘效应对叶面真菌群落结构的影响与寄主变异无关

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101493

Austen Miller , Geoffrey Zahn

Environmental gradients and host genotype both influence microbial community assembly, but their relative roles are difficult to separate. We examined foliar fungal communities across the 43-ha clonal aspen Populus tremuloides known as Pando, where all stems are genetically identical. Using ITS metabarcoding, we examined 91 paired epiphytic and endophytic assemblages spanning the clone's interior and edge. Epiphytes were consistently more diverse than endophytes and dominated by Dothideomycetes, while endophytes were enriched in Leotiomycetes, particularly Drepanopeziza. Endophytic assemblages largely represented nested subsets of epiphytes from the same leaves, but this overlap declined sharply toward the grove's edge. Spatial analyses revealed stronger community turnover with edge proximity among endophytes, indicating increased environmental filtering at forest margins. These results demonstrate that edge effects can generate distinct, spatially structured fungal assemblages even within a single genetic individual, clarifying how dispersal and filtering jointly shape leaf-associated microbial diversity.

环境梯度和宿主基因型都影响微生物群落的聚集，但它们的相对作用难以分离。我们研究了43公顷克隆白杨（Pando）的叶面真菌群落，其中所有的茎在遗传上都是相同的。利用ITS元条形码，我们检查了91对跨越克隆内部和边缘的附生和内生组合。附生菌的多样性高于内生菌，且以多壁菌为主，而内生菌则以多壁菌为主，尤其是赤足菌。内生组合主要代表来自同一叶片的附生植物的巢状亚群，但这种重叠在林带边缘急剧下降。空间分析表明，随着森林边缘的接近，群落更替更强，表明森林边缘的环境过滤作用增强。这些结果表明，即使在单个遗传个体中，边缘效应也可以产生不同的、空间结构的真菌组合，从而阐明了扩散和过滤如何共同塑造叶片相关微生物多样性。

{"title":"Forest edge effects structure foliar fungal communities independent of host variation","authors":"Austen Miller , Geoffrey Zahn","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental gradients and host genotype both influence microbial community assembly, but their relative roles are difficult to separate. We examined foliar fungal communities across the 43-ha clonal aspen <em>Populus tremuloides</em> known as Pando, where all stems are genetically identical. Using ITS metabarcoding, we examined 91 paired epiphytic and endophytic assemblages spanning the clone's interior and edge. Epiphytes were consistently more diverse than endophytes and dominated by Dothideomycetes, while endophytes were enriched in Leotiomycetes, particularly <em>Drepanopeziza</em>. Endophytic assemblages largely represented nested subsets of epiphytes from the same leaves, but this overlap declined sharply toward the grove's edge. Spatial analyses revealed stronger community turnover with edge proximity among endophytes, indicating increased environmental filtering at forest margins. These results demonstrate that edge effects can generate distinct, spatially structured fungal assemblages even within a single genetic individual, clarifying how dispersal and filtering jointly shape leaf-associated microbial diversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 101493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geographical gradients in fungal communities and decay types of Norway spruce logs across central to southeastern Europe 欧洲中部到东南部挪威云杉原木真菌群落和腐烂类型的地理梯度

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101482

Yuki Kawasaki , Yu Fukasawa , Václav Pouska , Radek Bače , Momchil Panayotov , Nickolay Tsvetanov , Olga Orman , Shunsuke Matsuoka , Hirotoshi Sato , Martin Mikoláš , Lucie Zíbarová , Elias Polemis , Kamil Král , Tomáš Přívětivý , Miroslav Svoboda

Wood decomposition by fungal communities plays a crucial role in regulating carbon dynamics and biodiversity within coarse woody debris (CWD), and these processes may be influenced by environmental change. However, the geographical distribution and functional roles of wood-decaying fungi are poorly explored. In the present study, we focused on CWD of Norway spruce, a dominant conifer species widely distributed in western Eurasia. Chemical analyses of 374 wood samples from six forest sites in central and southeastern Europe revealed a positive association between mean annual temperature (MAT) and dilute alkali solubility, a proxy for brown rot. DNA metabarcoding revealed associations between climatic conditions and wood-decaying fungal communities. Remarkably, the occurrence frequency of the dominant brown rot fungus, Fomitopsis pinicola, was positively correlated with MAT. These findings suggest that higher temperatures may promote lignin accumulation in Norway spruce CWD across central to southeastern Europe, potentially contributing to carbon storage in forests.

真菌群落分解木材在调节粗木屑（CWD）碳动态和生物多样性中起着至关重要的作用，这些过程可能受到环境变化的影响。然而，木材腐烂真菌的地理分布和功能作用的探索很少。挪威云杉是一种广泛分布于欧亚大陆西部的针叶树优势种。对来自欧洲中部和东南部6个森林遗址的374个木材样本的化学分析显示，年平均温度（MAT）与稀碱溶解度（棕腐病的代表）呈正相关。DNA元条形码显示，气候条件与木材腐烂真菌群落之间存在关联。值得注意的是，主要的褐腐菌，Fomitopsis pinicola的发生频率与MAT呈正相关。这些发现表明，较高的温度可能促进欧洲中部到东南部挪威云杉CWD中木质素的积累，可能有助于森林中的碳储存。

{"title":"Geographical gradients in fungal communities and decay types of Norway spruce logs across central to southeastern Europe","authors":"Yuki Kawasaki , Yu Fukasawa , Václav Pouska , Radek Bače , Momchil Panayotov , Nickolay Tsvetanov , Olga Orman , Shunsuke Matsuoka , Hirotoshi Sato , Martin Mikoláš , Lucie Zíbarová , Elias Polemis , Kamil Král , Tomáš Přívětivý , Miroslav Svoboda","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wood decomposition by fungal communities plays a crucial role in regulating carbon dynamics and biodiversity within coarse woody debris (CWD), and these processes may be influenced by environmental change. However, the geographical distribution and functional roles of wood-decaying fungi are poorly explored. In the present study, we focused on CWD of Norway spruce, a dominant conifer species widely distributed in western Eurasia. Chemical analyses of 374 wood samples from six forest sites in central and southeastern Europe revealed a positive association between mean annual temperature (MAT) and dilute alkali solubility, a proxy for brown rot. DNA metabarcoding revealed associations between climatic conditions and wood-decaying fungal communities. Remarkably, the occurrence frequency of the dominant brown rot fungus, <em>Fomitopsis pinicola</em>, was positively correlated with MAT. These findings suggest that higher temperatures may promote lignin accumulation in Norway spruce CWD across central to southeastern Europe, potentially contributing to carbon storage in forests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 101482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145766130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Targeting Mn-dependent peroxidase activities - considerations and optimizations 靶向锰依赖性过氧化物酶活性-考虑和优化

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101492

E.E. Packard, K. Jörgensen

Estimating enzyme activity is a widely applied method for understanding the activity of organisms and their impact on biogeochemical cycles. In forest soils, fungal oxidative enzymes, such as manganese peroxidases, are key regulators of carbon stocks. Here we investigate whether MBTH/DMAB assays, targeting manganese peroxidase activities, are impacted by the degree of fungal cell disruption during extraction from pure culture. Further, we assess whether substrates 2,6-DMP, ABTS, and L-DOPA can distinguish manganese-dependent peroxidase activities under conditions optimized for MBTH/DMAB. Increased mycelial disruption during enzyme extraction increased estimated manganese peroxidase activity, but also the proportion of activity presumed to be from intracellular manganese-independent peroxidases. All substrates could detect peroxidase activities, but their specificity towards manganese peroxidases varied. In particular, ABTS was more readily oxidized by manganese-independent peroxidases. We recommend that extraction methods from soil be adapted to avoid excessive release of internal peroxidases, due to the trade-off between extraction efficiency and assay specificity.

酶活性估算是了解生物活性及其对生物地球化学循环影响的一种广泛应用的方法。在森林土壤中，真菌氧化酶，如锰过氧化物酶，是碳储量的关键调节器。在这里，我们研究MBTH/DMAB测定，针对锰过氧化物酶活性，是否受到真菌细胞破坏程度的影响，在纯培养中提取。此外，我们评估了底物2,6- dmp， ABTS和L-DOPA是否可以在MBTH/DMAB优化的条件下区分锰依赖性过氧化物酶活性。酶提取过程中增加的菌丝破坏增加了估计的锰过氧化物酶活性，但也增加了细胞内不依赖锰的过氧化物酶的活性比例。所有底物均能检测过氧化物酶活性，但对锰过氧化物酶的特异性不同。特别是，ABTS更容易被不依赖锰的过氧化物酶氧化。由于提取效率和测定特异性之间的权衡，我们建议从土壤中提取方法进行调整，以避免内部过氧化物酶的过度释放。

{"title":"Targeting Mn-dependent peroxidase activities - considerations and optimizations","authors":"E.E. Packard, K. Jörgensen","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estimating enzyme activity is a widely applied method for understanding the activity of organisms and their impact on biogeochemical cycles. In forest soils, fungal oxidative enzymes, such as manganese peroxidases, are key regulators of carbon stocks. Here we investigate whether MBTH/DMAB assays, targeting manganese peroxidase activities, are impacted by the degree of fungal cell disruption during extraction from pure culture. Further, we assess whether substrates 2,6-DMP, ABTS, and L-DOPA can distinguish manganese-dependent peroxidase activities under conditions optimized for MBTH/DMAB. Increased mycelial disruption during enzyme extraction increased estimated manganese peroxidase activity, but also the proportion of activity presumed to be from intracellular manganese-independent peroxidases. All substrates could detect peroxidase activities, but their specificity towards manganese peroxidases varied. In particular, ABTS was more readily oxidized by manganese-independent peroxidases. We recommend that extraction methods from soil be adapted to avoid excessive release of internal peroxidases, due to the trade-off between extraction efficiency and assay specificity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 101492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145792182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental regulation of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus apothecia development 漆包鱼生长发育的环境调控

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101472

Matt Combes , Lynne Boddy , Joan Webber

Ash dieback, incited by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, is causing mortality of ash across Europe. The pathogen colonises hosts via ascospores that are ejected from apothecia formed on ash leaf rachises, but information is lacking on the environmental factors that affect apothecia formation. This study, undertaken in England and Wales during summer 2018 and 2019, monitored the influence of temperature, relative humidity, ground cover, and canopy openness on apothecia development. Additionally, apothecia were monitored in the laboratory by incubating infected ash rachises at 4 °C, 10 °C, 15 °C and 20 °C, and then moving to 18–21 °C to assess how earlier incubation temperatures influenced subsequent apothecia formation. In the field, temperature had a positive effect on apothecia development which was amplified as relative humidity and canopy openness increased; ground cover associated with greater moisture also enhanced apothecia development. Laboratory investigations indicated a threshold temperature for apothecia formation of ∼10 °C, with pre-incubation temperature influencing both the rate and probability of apothecia development.

白蜡树枯死是由灰霉引起的，在整个欧洲造成了白蜡树的死亡。病原菌通过从灰叶柄上形成的药膏中喷射出的子囊孢子在宿主中定植，但关于影响药膏形成的环境因素的信息缺乏。这项研究于2018年和2019年夏季在英格兰和威尔士进行，监测了温度、相对湿度、地表覆盖和冠层开放度对中药发展的影响。此外，在实验室中，通过在4°C、10°C、15°C和20°C孵育感染的白蜡树，然后转移到18-21°C，来监测药液的形成，以评估早期孵育温度对随后药液形成的影响。在田间，温度对药材发育有正向影响，且随相对湿度和冠层开度的增加而增强；与更大的湿度有关的地面覆盖也促进了药材的发展。实验室研究表明，药液形成的阈值温度为~ 10℃，孵育前温度影响药液形成的速率和概率。

{"title":"Environmental regulation of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus apothecia development","authors":"Matt Combes , Lynne Boddy , Joan Webber","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ash dieback, incited by <em>Hymenoscyphus fraxineus</em>, is causing mortality of ash across Europe. The pathogen colonises hosts via ascospores that are ejected from apothecia formed on ash leaf rachises, but information is lacking on the environmental factors that affect apothecia formation. This study, undertaken in England and Wales during summer 2018 and 2019, monitored the influence of temperature, relative humidity, ground cover, and canopy openness on apothecia development. Additionally, apothecia were monitored in the laboratory by incubating infected ash rachises at 4 °C, 10 °C, 15 °C and 20 °C, and then moving to 18–21 °C to assess how earlier incubation temperatures influenced subsequent apothecia formation. In the field, temperature had a positive effect on apothecia development which was amplified as relative humidity and canopy openness increased; ground cover associated with greater moisture also enhanced apothecia development. Laboratory investigations indicated a threshold temperature for apothecia formation of ∼10 °C, with pre-incubation temperature influencing both the rate and probability of apothecia development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 101472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diversity and ecology of nivicolous Peziza from the glacial basin of the Gran Sasso massif in the Central Apennines 亚平宁中亚平宁大萨索山脉冰川盆地中niviolous Peziza的多样性和生态学

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101481

Martina De Mattheis , Mattia Iannella , Marco Leonardi , Giovanni Pacioni , Donald H. Pfister , Mirco Iotti

Some species in the genus Peziza develop in extreme cold environments, at the margins of melting snow. In this work, we characterized the genetic structure of nivicolous Peziza populations in Campo Pericoli, a glacial basin on the Gran Sasso massif, the highest peak of the Apennines (central Italy). A hundred ascomata collected in 2020–2021 were analysed using multigene sequencing (ITS, LSU, β-tubulin, RPB2). Four topographical variables (elevation, slope, aspect, topographic wetness index) were recorded for each fruiting point and correlated with genetic diversity. Two main clades, attributable to P. heimii and P. nivalis, were inferred through clustering and phylogenetic reconstruction. No significant differences in topographical variables were found between clades, but kernel density revealed distinct spatial distributions. However, considering the global distribution of these species, P. nivalis appears to exhibit broader ecological adaptability than P. heimii. Climate warming could affect competition between these species, potentially favoring P. nivalis over P. heimii.

Peziza属的一些物种在极端寒冷的环境中生长，在融化的雪的边缘。在这项工作中，我们描述了在Campo Pericoli，一个冰川盆地的nicvicolous Peziza种群的遗传结构，Gran Sasso山，亚平宁山脉的最高峰（意大利中部）。采用多基因测序（ITS， LSU， β-微管蛋白，RPB2）对2020-2021年收集的100例ascomata进行分析。每个结实点记录了海拔、坡度、坡向、地形湿度指数等4个地形变量，并与遗传多样性相关。通过聚类和系统发育重建推断出两个主要的分支，分别属于P. heimii和P. nivalis。不同枝间的地形变量差异不显著，但核密度的空间分布有明显差异。然而，考虑到这些物种的全球分布，nivalis似乎比P. heimii具有更广泛的生态适应性。气候变暖可能会影响这些物种之间的竞争，可能有利于nivalis而不是P. heimii。

{"title":"Diversity and ecology of nivicolous Peziza from the glacial basin of the Gran Sasso massif in the Central Apennines","authors":"Martina De Mattheis , Mattia Iannella , Marco Leonardi , Giovanni Pacioni , Donald H. Pfister , Mirco Iotti","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Some species in the genus <em>Peziza</em> develop in extreme cold environments, at the margins of melting snow. In this work, we characterized the genetic structure of nivicolous <em>Peziza</em> populations in Campo Pericoli, a glacial basin on the Gran Sasso massif, the highest peak of the Apennines (central Italy). A hundred ascomata collected in 2020–2021 were analysed using multigene sequencing (ITS, LSU, β-tubulin, RPB2). Four topographical variables (elevation, slope, aspect, topographic wetness index) were recorded for each fruiting point and correlated with genetic diversity. Two main clades, attributable to <em>P. heimii</em> and <em>P. nivalis</em>, were inferred through clustering and phylogenetic reconstruction. No significant differences in topographical variables were found between clades, but kernel density revealed distinct spatial distributions. However, considering the global distribution of these species, <em>P. nivalis</em> appears to exhibit broader ecological adaptability than <em>P. heimii</em>. Climate warming could affect competition between these species, potentially favoring <em>P. nivalis</em> over <em>P. heimii</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 101481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0