Recent advancement in microplastic removal process from wastewater - A critical review

IF 5.4 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Journal of hazardous materials advances Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI:10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100460
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Abstract

Microplastics, small sized plastic particles having size <5 mm are formed through primary process including production of beauty products, microbeads and microfibres as well as secondary process including mechanical weathering, friction, aberration and fragmentation of large plastics. The major sources of microplastics are land-based and ocean-based sources. Microplastic pollution is a serious concern due to the persistent, low biodegradability and bio-accumulative behaviour. Microplastics can bioaccumulate in the food chain and can cause ecological and human health risk. Hence, it is important to remove from the aquatic ecosystems. Microplastics are removed from aquatic systems and wastewater through a series of processes such as physical, chemical and biological treatments. In the present articles, >250 articles are reviewed to collect the information regarding the various physical, chemical and biological methods for the removal of microplastics. Also, the probable control strategies to combat with plastic pollution were assessed. It was concluded that recent water treatment methods are efficient in removing microplastic pollution. The efficiencies to remove microplastic from the water ranged between 74 %-99.2 %, 65 %-99.20 % and 77 %-100 % for physical, chemical and biological treatment methods, respectively. Among the three treatment methods, physical methods especially the filtration of water from biochar is the most efficient way (efficiency up to 100 %) to remove microplastics. It was also concluded that creating public awareness, promoting reusing, recycling and reducing, and application of bioplastics can control the production of microplastics from plastic wastes. This review will be useful to add current knowledge regarding the abatement of microplastic pollution, and finding novel solution to control microplastics. This review will also help the policymakers to implement most effective and cost-efficient method to remove microplastics, and to find out new methods to reduce, reuse and recycle plastic wastes.

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废水中微塑料去除工艺的最新进展 - 综述
微塑料是指尺寸为 5 毫米的小塑料颗粒,是通过初级加工过程(包括美容产品、微珠和微纤维的生产)以及次级加工过程(包括机械风化、摩擦、畸变和大型塑料的破碎)形成的。微塑料的主要来源是陆地和海洋。由于具有持久性、低生物降解性和生物累积性,微塑料污染已成为一个令人严重关切的问题。微塑料可在食物链中进行生物累积,对生态和人类健康造成危害。因此,必须将其从水生生态系统中清除。微塑料可通过物理、化学和生物处理等一系列过程从水生系统和废水中去除。本文综述了 250 篇文章,以收集有关去除微塑料的各种物理、化学和生物方法的信息。此外,还评估了应对塑料污染的可能控制策略。结论是,最新的水处理方法可以有效去除微塑料污染。物理、化学和生物处理方法去除水中微塑料的效率分别为 74%-99.2%、65%-99.20% 和 77%-100%。在这三种处理方法中,物理方法,尤其是用生物炭过滤水是去除微塑料最有效的方法(效率高达 100%)。研究还得出结论,提高公众意识、推广重复使用、循环利用和减少使用以及应用生物塑料可以控制塑料废物中微塑料的产生。本综述将有助于补充当前有关减少微塑料污染的知识,并找到控制微塑料的新解决方案。本综述还将帮助决策者采用最有效、最具成本效益的方法来消除微塑料,并找到减少、再利用和回收塑料废物的新方法。
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来源期刊
Journal of hazardous materials advances
Journal of hazardous materials advances Environmental Engineering
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
0.00%
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0
审稿时长
50 days
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