Effects of single or conjoint administration of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate and Bacillus subtilis on growth, antioxidant capacity and apoptosis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
{"title":"Effects of single or conjoint administration of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate and Bacillus subtilis on growth, antioxidant capacity and apoptosis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116110","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to assess single or conjoint administration of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> on growth, the function and morphology of hepatopancreas and intestines, antioxidant capacity, inflammation and apoptosis in common carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em>). In this study, four diets were formulated according to a 2 × 2 factorial design, including control diet (without PHB and <em>B. subtilis</em>), <em>B. subtilis</em> diet (with 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/g <em>B. subtilis</em>), PHB diet (4 %PHB) and PHB+<em>B. subtilis</em> diet (with 4 %PHB and 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/g <em>B. subtilis</em>). Common carp (3.50 ± 0.03 g) were allocated into 4 groups (3 replicates per group, 30 fish per replicate) and fed for 8 weeks. Results demonstrated that single or conjoint administration of 4 %PHB and 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/g <em>B. subtilis</em> promoted the growth performance and feed utilization, with interaction (<em>P</em><0.05). 4 %PHB and 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/g <em>B. subtilis</em> increased the levels of protease in intestines, lipase and amylase in hepatopancreas and intestines, AST and ALT in hepatopancreas, intestinal permeability (DAO, D-LA, 5-HT and ET-1), intestinal tight junction protein-related mRNA, intestinal growth indexes (fold height and muscular layer thickness), antioxidant capacity (CAT, T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH-PX in hepatopancreas and intestines, <em>Nrf2</em>, <em>SOD</em>, <em>CAT</em> and <em>GSH-PX</em> mRNA in hepatopancreas and intestines, <em>HO-1</em> mRNA in hepatopancreas), anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis (<em>TGF-β</em>, <em>IL-10</em> and <em>Bcl-2</em> mRNA in hepatopancreas and intestines) (<em>P</em><0.05), decreased the levels AST and ALT in serum, intestinal growth indexes (lamina propria width), oxidative stress indicator (MDA) and <em>Keap1</em> mRNA in hepatopancreas and intestines, pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptosis (<em>NF-κB</em>, <em>TNF-α</em>, <em>IL-1β</em>, <em>IL-6</em>, <em>Bax</em>, <em>Caspase-3</em>, <em>Caspase-8</em> and <em>Caspase-9</em> mRNA in hepatopancreas and intestines) (<em>P</em><0.05), improved the morphology of hepatopancreas and intestines. Whereas the levels of protease in hepatopancreas were only increased by 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/g <em>B. subtilis</em> (<em>P</em><0.05), the levels of <em>HO-1</em> mRNA in intestines were only up-regulated by 4 %PHB (<em>P</em><0.05). Furthermore, the interaction between 4 %PHB and 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/g <em>B. subtilis</em> was discovered for the levels of AST, ALT and 5-HT in serum, intestinal <em>Occludin</em> mRNA, MDA in hepatopancreas and intestines, <em>Keap1</em>, <em>HO-1</em> and <em>IL-1β</em> mRNA in hepatopancreas, <em>GSH-PX</em> mRNA in hepatopancreas and intestines, <em>Bcl-2</em> and <em>Caspase-3</em> mRNA in intestines (<em>P</em><0.05). In conclusion, this study indicated that conjoint administration of 4 %PHB and 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/g <em>B. subtilis</em> had synergistic promotion on the growth performance, digestive function, antioxidant capacity, hepatopancreatic and intestinal functions of common carp.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377840124002384","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study aims to assess single or conjoint administration of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and Bacillus subtilis on growth, the function and morphology of hepatopancreas and intestines, antioxidant capacity, inflammation and apoptosis in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). In this study, four diets were formulated according to a 2 × 2 factorial design, including control diet (without PHB and B. subtilis), B. subtilis diet (with 1 × 108 CFU/g B. subtilis), PHB diet (4 %PHB) and PHB+B. subtilis diet (with 4 %PHB and 1 × 108 CFU/g B. subtilis). Common carp (3.50 ± 0.03 g) were allocated into 4 groups (3 replicates per group, 30 fish per replicate) and fed for 8 weeks. Results demonstrated that single or conjoint administration of 4 %PHB and 1 × 108 CFU/g B. subtilis promoted the growth performance and feed utilization, with interaction (P<0.05). 4 %PHB and 1 × 108 CFU/g B. subtilis increased the levels of protease in intestines, lipase and amylase in hepatopancreas and intestines, AST and ALT in hepatopancreas, intestinal permeability (DAO, D-LA, 5-HT and ET-1), intestinal tight junction protein-related mRNA, intestinal growth indexes (fold height and muscular layer thickness), antioxidant capacity (CAT, T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH-PX in hepatopancreas and intestines, Nrf2, SOD, CAT and GSH-PX mRNA in hepatopancreas and intestines, HO-1 mRNA in hepatopancreas), anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis (TGF-β, IL-10 and Bcl-2 mRNA in hepatopancreas and intestines) (P<0.05), decreased the levels AST and ALT in serum, intestinal growth indexes (lamina propria width), oxidative stress indicator (MDA) and Keap1 mRNA in hepatopancreas and intestines, pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptosis (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 mRNA in hepatopancreas and intestines) (P<0.05), improved the morphology of hepatopancreas and intestines. Whereas the levels of protease in hepatopancreas were only increased by 1 × 108 CFU/g B. subtilis (P<0.05), the levels of HO-1 mRNA in intestines were only up-regulated by 4 %PHB (P<0.05). Furthermore, the interaction between 4 %PHB and 1 × 108 CFU/g B. subtilis was discovered for the levels of AST, ALT and 5-HT in serum, intestinal Occludin mRNA, MDA in hepatopancreas and intestines, Keap1, HO-1 and IL-1β mRNA in hepatopancreas, GSH-PX mRNA in hepatopancreas and intestines, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 mRNA in intestines (P<0.05). In conclusion, this study indicated that conjoint administration of 4 %PHB and 1 × 108 CFU/g B. subtilis had synergistic promotion on the growth performance, digestive function, antioxidant capacity, hepatopancreatic and intestinal functions of common carp.
期刊介绍:
Animal Feed Science and Technology is a unique journal publishing scientific papers of international interest focusing on animal feeds and their feeding.
Papers describing research on feed for ruminants and non-ruminants, including poultry, horses, companion animals and aquatic animals, are welcome.
The journal covers the following areas:
Nutritive value of feeds (e.g., assessment, improvement)
Methods of conserving and processing feeds that affect their nutritional value
Agronomic and climatic factors influencing the nutritive value of feeds
Utilization of feeds and the improvement of such
Metabolic, production, reproduction and health responses, as well as potential environmental impacts, of diet inputs and feed technologies (e.g., feeds, feed additives, feed components, mycotoxins)
Mathematical models relating directly to animal-feed interactions
Analytical and experimental methods for feed evaluation
Environmental impacts of feed technologies in animal production.