Selective extraction of silver from jarosite residues produced in the zinc hydrometallurgical process using thiourea under acidic conditions: Kinetic analysis and leaching optimization
Mary C. Nolasco , Israel Rodríguez , Javier E. Vilasó , Mizraim U. Flores , Thangarasu Pandiyan , Emmanuel J. Gutiérrez , Javier Aguilar , Martín Reyes , Iván A. Reyes
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
In this work, an industrial hazardous jarosite residue produced in the zinc hydrometallurgical process containing silver was used to evaluate the feasibility of using thiourea (Tu) for silver leaching under acidic conditions in the presence of oxalate (C2O42− ion denoted as Ox2−). The shrinking core kinetic model (SCKM) was applied to evaluate the effect of variables on the reaction rate. The chemical reaction of H3O+ with the jarosite surface was the controlling stage. The results of batch experiments revealed that silver extraction is influenced by various factors in the descending order: pH > T (temperature) > [Tu] (thiourea concentration) > [Ox2−] (oxalate concentration). The extraction efficiency of Ag was 98 % at high levels of both T and [H2SO4], although a higher [Tu] was required. High Tu consumption was associated with the stability of Tu due to the presence of Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions leached along with Ag+, which affect the redox potential catalyzing Tu oxidation. Temperature is the most effective variable with a reaction rate constant of kexp = 1.1 min−1 at 60 °C, but it causes a decrease in silver extraction to 92.5 %. The kinetic parameters were obtained using the SCKM; furthermore, the experimental results were statistically validated through a surface response experimental design.
期刊介绍:
Hydrometallurgy aims to compile studies on novel processes, process design, chemistry, modelling, control, economics and interfaces between unit operations, and to provide a forum for discussions on case histories and operational difficulties.
Topics covered include: leaching of metal values by chemical reagents or bacterial action at ambient or elevated pressures and temperatures; separation of solids from leach liquors; removal of impurities and recovery of metal values by precipitation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, gaseous reduction, cementation, electro-winning and electro-refining; pre-treatment of ores by roasting or chemical treatments such as halogenation or reduction; recycling of reagents and treatment of effluents.