Sowing depth control strategy based on the downforce measurement and control system of ‘T’-shaped furrow opener

IF 4.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2024.09.004
Lei Liu , Xianliang Wang , Xiangcai Zhang , Xiupei Cheng , Zhongcai Wei , Jiangtao Ji , Hui Li , Huaye Zhang , Min Wang
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Abstract

Sowing depth is a critical factor in crop growth and is determined by both the soil conditions and the force of the opener. The trend for the future is to control sowing depth based on soil dynamic parameters. Therefore, this paper developed a downforce measurement and control system based on the ‘T’-shaped furrow opener and investigated the influence of soil dynamic parameters and opener downforce on sowing depth. A test-rig was constructed and the accuracy of the system in measuring downforce and controlling downforce and sowing depth was verified. The study shows that at different sowing depths, soil moisture, bulk density and their interaction have a significant effect on downforce (P < 0.01). As the moisture content decreases and the bulk density increases, the required downforce increases for the same sowing depth. A mathematical model of downforce-sowing depth-soil bulk density-soil moisture content was established using experimental data, with an R2 of 0.916, VIF <5 and a Durbin-Watson value of 1.628. Field experiments show that, at an operating speed of 6 km h−1, the control strategy based on the soil dynamic parameters predicted by downforce theory significantly outperformed the strategy of adjusting the downforce in response to perceived changes in downforce. This indicates that after dynamic and rapid measurement of soil bulk density and moisture content during field operations, sowing depth can be accurately controlled based on the directed downforce of the opener. The mathematical model provides a theoretical basis for sowing depth control based on soil dynamic parameters.

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基于 "T "形开沟器下压力测量和控制系统的播种深度控制策略
播种深度是作物生长的关键因素,由土壤条件和开沟器的作用力共同决定。根据土壤动态参数控制播种深度是未来的发展趋势。因此,本文开发了基于 "T "形开沟器的下压力测量和控制系统,并研究了土壤动态参数和开沟器下压力对播种深度的影响。构建了一个测试平台,并验证了该系统在测量下压力、控制下压力和播种深度方面的准确性。研究表明,在不同的播种深度,土壤水分、容重及其相互作用对下压力有显著影响(P < 0.01)。随着含水量的降低和容重的增加,相同播种深度下所需的下压力会增加。利用实验数据建立了下压力-播种深度-土壤容重-土壤含水量的数学模型,R2 为 0.916,VIF 为 5,Durbin-Watson 值为 1.628。现场实验表明,在运行速度为 6 km h-1 的情况下,基于下压力理论预测的土壤动力参数的控制策略明显优于根据感知到的下压力变化调整下压力的策略。这表明,在田间作业时对土壤容重和含水量进行动态快速测量后,可根据开沟器的定向下压力准确控制播种深度。该数学模型为基于土壤动态参数的播种深度控制提供了理论依据。
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来源期刊
Biosystems Engineering
Biosystems Engineering 农林科学-农业工程
CiteScore
10.60
自引率
7.80%
发文量
239
审稿时长
53 days
期刊介绍: Biosystems Engineering publishes research in engineering and the physical sciences that represent advances in understanding or modelling of the performance of biological systems for sustainable developments in land use and the environment, agriculture and amenity, bioproduction processes and the food chain. The subject matter of the journal reflects the wide range and interdisciplinary nature of research in engineering for biological systems.
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