Vermicompost enhances the salt tolerance of maize by reshaping the rhizosphere microenvironment

IF 4.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Applied Soil Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105633
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Abstract

Vermicompost can improve saline soil by alleviating soil salinity, forming soil aggregates and regulating nutrient cycling, however, the mechanisms underlying its effects on the rhizosphere microenvironment and plant salt tolerance have not been elucidated. This study examined the ability of vermicompost to improve the macroaggregate microstructure, soil microbial community and nitrogen mineralization in the rhizosphere, which consequently improved maize salt tolerance in saline soil. Transcriptomic, metabonomic, synchrotron radiation-based micro-computed tomography and 15N tracer techniques were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved. The results indicated that vermicompost application reshaped the macroaggregate microstructure and soil bacterial community, decreased the soil salinity (5.6 %) and increased 15N mineralization (33 %) of the wheat straw in the saline soil. Moreover, vermicompost affected the expression of salt tolerance genes and citrate cycle activity, and increased 15N-NO3 uptake (64 %) by the roots, in turn increasing the growth of maize roots (38 %). In maize shoots, vermicompost induced stomatal closure, regulated photosynthesis, modulated the ABA-activated signalling pathway and activated amino acid metabolism by doubling nitrogen uptake to almost double the growth of the shoots. Collectively, these findings greatly enhance the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the physiological response of plants to improvements in the rhizosphere microenvironment and provide innovative concepts for ensuring food security and promoting agricultural productivity in saline soil.

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蛭石堆肥通过重塑根圈微环境提高玉米的耐盐性
蛭石堆肥可以通过减轻土壤盐分、形成土壤团聚体和调节养分循环来改良盐碱地,但其对根瘤菌圈微环境和植物耐盐性的影响机制尚未阐明。本研究考察了蛭石堆肥改善根瘤菌圈宏观聚集体微结构、土壤微生物群落和氮矿化的能力,从而提高玉米在盐碱土壤中的耐盐性。研究采用了转录组学、代谢组学、同步辐射微计算机断层扫描和 15N 示踪剂技术来阐明相关的内在机制。结果表明,施用蛭石堆肥重塑了盐碱地中小麦秸秆的大颗粒微结构和土壤细菌群落,降低了土壤盐分(5.6%),提高了 15N 矿化度(33%)。此外,蛭石堆肥还影响了耐盐基因的表达和柠檬酸循环活性,增加了根系对 15N-NO3- 的吸收(64%),进而增加了玉米根系的生长(38%)。在玉米芽中,蛭石堆肥诱导气孔关闭、调节光合作用、调节 ABA 激活信号通路并激活氨基酸代谢,使氮吸收量增加一倍,从而使芽的生长量几乎增加一倍。总之,这些发现大大加深了人们对植物对根圈微环境改善的生理反应机制的理解,并为确保粮食安全和提高盐碱地农业生产力提供了创新理念。
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来源期刊
Applied Soil Ecology
Applied Soil Ecology 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
4.20%
发文量
363
审稿时长
5.3 months
期刊介绍: Applied Soil Ecology addresses the role of soil organisms and their interactions in relation to: sustainability and productivity, nutrient cycling and other soil processes, the maintenance of soil functions, the impact of human activities on soil ecosystems and bio(techno)logical control of soil-inhabiting pests, diseases and weeds.
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