Morphology and chemical composition of mineral particles in a special dust storm with high relative humidity in North China

IF 6.7 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Environmental Technology & Innovation Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1016/j.eti.2024.103823
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Abstract

A special dust storm characterized by high PM10 mass concentrations (921.9 ± 632.3 μg m−3) and high relative humidity (RH; 60.1 % ± 11.1 %) was observed on March 22–24, 2023 at a coastal city of North China. Aerosol particles of PM10 were analyzed by a scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray and an ion chromatograph. The results showed that individual mineral particles were dominated by clay minerals, followed by quartz, feldspar, and carbonate. Bulk water-soluble inorganic ions analysis showed that SO42- mass concentrations varied from 3.7 μg m−3 to 23.3 μg m−3 with an average value of 12.4 μg m−3. However, their mass ratios to PM10 were relatively stable, being 1.15–2.01 % with an average value of 1.49 % ± 0.25 %, similar to the value near the dust sources (Tengger Desert). Although S-containing individual mineral dust varied from 5.2 % to 70.7 %, the average weight ratio of S on individual mineral dust was 2.1 %, much lower than that of non-dust periods (11.0 %). The results suggested limited sulfate formation on mineral dust surfaces even under high RH. In contrast, NO3-, which was very limited in dust sources, varied from 0.21 % to 4.11 % of the total PM10 with an average value of 1.61 % ± 1.07 %. The research highlighted that nitrate formation has exceeded sulfate formation during severe dust storm episodes, which might because the atmospheric compositions in China have changed significantly with a high mass ratio of NO2/SO2 after the implementation of the strict emission control measures.

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华北高相对湿度特殊沙尘暴中矿物颗粒的形态和化学成分
2023 年 3 月 22-24 日,华北某沿海城市观测到了一场特殊的沙尘暴,其特点是 PM10 质量浓度高(921.9 ± 632.3 μg m-3),相对湿度高(60.1 % ± 11.1 %)。利用扫描电子显微镜结合能量色散 X 射线和离子色谱仪对 PM10 的气溶胶颗粒进行了分析。结果表明,单个矿物颗粒以粘土矿物为主,其次是石英、长石和碳酸盐。大量水溶性无机离子分析表明,SO42- 的质量浓度从 3.7 μg m-3 到 23.3 μg m-3 不等,平均值为 12.4 μg m-3。不过,它们与 PM10 的质量比相对稳定,为 1.15-2.01%,平均值为 1.49% ± 0.25%,与尘源(腾格里沙漠)附近的值相似。虽然单个矿尘中的 S 含量从 5.2 % 到 70.7 % 不等,但单个矿尘中 S 的平均重量比为 2.1 %,远低于非尘期(11.0 %)。结果表明,即使在高相对湿度条件下,矿尘表面形成的硫酸盐也很有限。相比之下,NO3- 在粉尘源中非常有限,在 PM10 总量中所占比例从 0.21 % 到 4.11 % 不等,平均值为 1.61 % ± 1.07 %。研究强调,在严重的沙尘暴事件中,硝酸盐的形成超过了硫酸盐的形成,这可能是因为在实施严格的排放控制措施后,中国的大气成分发生了显著变化,NO2/SO2 的质量比很高。
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来源期刊
Environmental Technology & Innovation
Environmental Technology & Innovation Environmental Science-General Environmental Science
CiteScore
14.00
自引率
4.20%
发文量
435
审稿时长
74 days
期刊介绍: Environmental Technology & Innovation adopts a challenge-oriented approach to solutions by integrating natural sciences to promote a sustainable future. The journal aims to foster the creation and development of innovative products, technologies, and ideas that enhance the environment, with impacts across soil, air, water, and food in rural and urban areas. As a platform for disseminating scientific evidence for environmental protection and sustainable development, the journal emphasizes fundamental science, methodologies, tools, techniques, and policy considerations. It emphasizes the importance of science and technology in environmental benefits, including smarter, cleaner technologies for environmental protection, more efficient resource processing methods, and the evidence supporting their effectiveness.
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