Environmental Technology & Innovation最新文献

Mitigation of odor emissions by replacing soybean meal with unconventional protein ingredients: Assessment via in vitro simulated fermentation 用非常规蛋白质成分代替豆粕减轻气味排放：通过体外模拟发酵进行评估

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2026.104749

Ganlin Lv , Hao Fu , Yuhong Liao , Xinting Ma , Qiaoyun Chen , Qiang Han , Guanhong Li , Xionge Pi

To address the challenges of odor pollution from livestock farming and the need for resource conservation and reduced feed consumption, this study utilized an in vitro fermentation model to simulate the hindgut fermentation of fattening pigs. With soybean meal serving as the control, the impacts of eight unconventional protein feed ingredients—specifically defatted rice bran, peanut meal, two types of sesame meal, palm kernel meal, sunflower meal, dephenolic cottonseed protein, and corn gluten meal—on intestinal microbiota composition and metabolic activity were systematically evaluated. Fermentation end-products and gas emissions were quantified, and microbial community structure was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The palm kernel meal enhanced microbial diversity by enriching the Subdoligranulum and increased butyric acid production. The abundance of Lactobacillus enriched in the sesame meal-J was negatively correlated with the generation of H₂S and H₂, while Megasphaera and Streptococcus were positively correlated with the production of sulfur-containing gases and isovaleric acid. The microbial metabolic activity in the functional pathway of cysteine and methionine in the sesame meal-Q group increased by 60.4 %, positively regulating H₂S emissions. Through the regulatory framework of "nutrition-microbiota-odor emissions", this study revealed the mechanism by which unconventional protein feed ingredients regulate the gut microbiota of growing pigs to exert nutritional support and odor reduction effects. It provides a theoretical basis for the development of environmentally friendly feed and the reduction of soybean meal usage.

为解决畜牧业恶臭污染问题，节约资源和降低饲料消耗的需要，本研究采用体外发酵模型模拟育肥猪后肠发酵过程。以豆粕为对照，系统评价脱脂米糠、花生粕、两种芝麻粕、棕榈仁粕、葵花粕、脱酚棉籽蛋白和玉米蛋白粉8种非常规蛋白质饲料原料对饲粮肠道菌群组成和代谢活性的影响。对发酵终产物和气体排放进行量化，并利用16S rRNA基因测序分析微生物群落结构。棕榈仁粕通过丰富亚粒带和增加丁酸产量来增强微生物多样性。在芝麻粕- j中富集的乳酸杆菌丰度与H2S和H2的生成呈负相关，而Megasphaera和Streptococcus与含硫气体和异戊酸的产生呈正相关。芝麻粕- q组半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸功能通路微生物代谢活性提高60.4 %，正向调节H2S排放。本研究通过“营养-微生物-气味排放”的调控框架，揭示了非常规蛋白质饲料成分调控生长猪肠道微生物群发挥营养支持和减少气味作用的机制。为开发环境友好型饲料，减少豆粕用量提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Moisture-dependent silicon reduces N2O emission: Insights from microbial community structure and soil properties in paddy soil 水分依赖硅减少N2O排放：来自水稻土微生物群落结构和土壤特性的见解

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104718

Yafang Tang , Xin Wen , Zhaoqing Zhai , Zengkui Yu , Mingtao Long , Hongxia Huang , Hongling Qin

Silicon (Si) fertilizer application has been observed reduce nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions in paddy soil. However, the responses of microbial communities remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a microcosm experiment with three Si application levels: CK (0 mg kg⁻¹, SiO₂), Si1 (100 mg kg⁻¹, SiO₂), and Si2 (200 mg kg⁻¹, SiO₂) under two soil moisture conditions-Flooding (125 % w/w) and Drying (60 % w/w). The abundance and the microbial community structure of nirK, nirS for N₂O production, nosZ I and nosZ II for N₂O reduction were analyzed. Under flooding condition, Si2 reduced N₂O emissions by 87.1 %, this mitigation effect weakened to 52.9 % under drying. Microbial community structure rather than size was regulated by Si application. N₂O-reducing microbial communities were strongly influenced by Si amendment, only nirS-containing denitrifier was observed in N₂O production process. Relative abundance of genus Noviherbaspirillum was typically depressed by Si application and positively correlated with N₂O flux. Several genera, such as Pleomorphomonas, Achromobacter, Intrasporangium were identified as crucial mediators of N₂O reduction process. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated greater complexity in the N₂O-reducing microbial communities in response to Si application. PLS-SEM reveals different mechanisms of Si depress N₂O flux in different soil moisture. Under flooding condition, the N₂O mitigation effect of Si was primarily driven by microbial processes. While under drying condition, the mitigation effect was dominated by a strong abiotic-chemical pathway. These insights contribute to a mechanistic understanding of how Si management can be optimized for N₂O mitigation in paddy soil.

施用硅肥可减少水稻土中氧化亚氮的排放。然而，微生物群落的反应仍然知之甚少。在本研究中，我们在两种土壤水分条件下进行了微观试验：浸水（125 % w/w）和干燥（60 % w/w），施用三种硅水平：CK（0 mg kg−1,SiO2）、Si1（100 mg kg−1,SiO2）和Si2（200 mg kg−1,SiO2）。分析了生产N2O的nirK、nirS、还原N2O的nosZ I和nosZ II的丰度和微生物群落结构。在洪水条件下，Si2减少N2O排放的效果为87.1 %，在干燥条件下，这一缓解效果减弱至52.9% %。施用硅对微生物群落结构而非大小有调节作用。N2O还原微生物群落受Si添加的影响较大，在N2O生产过程中只观察到含nirs的反硝化菌。施硅显著降低了Noviherbaspirillum属植物的相对丰度，并与N2O通量呈正相关。多形单胞菌（Pleomorphomonas）、无色杆菌（Achromobacter）、孢子囊内菌（Intrasporangium）等是N2O还原过程的重要媒介。共现网络分析表明，在硅的作用下，n2o还原微生物群落具有更大的复杂性。PLS-SEM揭示了不同土壤湿度下Si抑制N2O通量的不同机制。在水淹条件下，Si对N2O的抑制作用主要由微生物过程驱动。而在干燥条件下，缓释效果主要以强的非生物化学途径为主。这些见解有助于从机制上理解如何优化硅管理以缓解水稻土中的N2O。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing energy budget for UV driven biofilm prevention using response surface methodology 利用响应面方法优化紫外线驱动生物膜预防的能量预算

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104742

Leila Alidokht, Karina A. Chavarria, Mariana Lanzarini-Lopes

Biofouling presents significant challenges in engineered surfaces, including reduced optical clarity of transparent surfaces, increased surface roughness, and compromised functionality of underwater sensors, observation windows, and cameras. UV-emitting glass (UEG) technology provides an innovative solution to biofouling by targeting the attachment surface, effectively disrupting microbial adhesion and growth. However, UEGs performance is highly dependent on design choices and operational parameters. This study uses Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize UEG performance in fouling control, enabling a deeper understanding of how UV irradiance and daily exposure time affect biofilm formation for submersion durations between 5 and 30 days. Although energy budget (EB) generally increases with Log reduction Value (LRV), there is no significant relationship between the two. Therefore, it is important to select the exposure time and UV irradiance that results in the lowest energy budget for a given submersion duration and goal LRV. The UV irradiance and exposure time resulting in lowest energy budget for LRV > 2 is reported for submersions of 1 – 3 weeks. A feasible range of parameters yielding LRV > 2 at minimum EB was identified. For two weeks, a 63 Wh/day/m² (34.4 Wh/day/m²/N log) was achieved for 2.2 LRV at a UV irradiance of 23 µW/cm² for 840 min per day. The LRV and EB were validated for these conditions and both biofilm coverage and morphology were characterized. Interestingly, although LRV and coverage decreased as expected, the biofilm thickness of the control and UV units were statistically the same illustrating that UV light prevents initial attachment but not subsequent growth.

生物污染给工程表面带来了巨大的挑战，包括透明表面的光学清晰度降低，表面粗糙度增加，水下传感器、观察窗和相机的功能受损。紫外线发光玻璃（UEG）技术通过瞄准附着表面，有效地破坏微生物的附着和生长，为生物污染提供了一种创新的解决方案。然而，ueg的性能高度依赖于设计选择和操作参数。本研究使用响应面法（RSM）来优化UEG在污染控制方面的性能，从而更深入地了解在5至30天的浸泡时间内，紫外线照射和每日暴露时间如何影响生物膜的形成。虽然能量收支（EB）一般随对数缩减值（LRV）的增加而增加，但两者之间没有显著的关系。因此，在给定的浸泡时间和目标LRV下，选择能使能量收支最低的暴露时间和紫外线辐照度是很重要的。据报道，紫外线辐照度和暴露时间导致LRV >； 2在1 - 3周的浸泡中能量预算最低。确定了在最小EB下产生LRV >； 2的可行参数范围。在两周的时间里，在每天840 分钟、紫外线照射23 µW/cm²的情况下，2.2 LRV达到了63 Wh/day/m2（34.4 Wh/day/m2/N log）。对LRV和EB在这些条件下进行了验证，并对生物膜的覆盖和形态进行了表征。有趣的是，尽管LRV和覆盖度如预期的那样下降，但对照和UV单元的生物膜厚度在统计上是相同的，这表明紫外线可以阻止最初的附着，但不会阻止随后的生长。

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引用次数: 0

Decomposition and forecasting of concentrations of highly volatile atmospheric pollutants in plateau cities based on the VMD-CNN-BiLSTM framework 基于VMD-CNN-BiLSTM框架的高原城市高挥发性大气污染物浓度分解与预测

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104717

Jie Liu , Fanshu Ding , Xiuyi Yao , Wanqing Wang , Ziyu Chen , Xiaolin Yang , Haoyuan Zhu

In recent years, multiple factors including climate change, accelerated industrialization, and rising population density have led to severe air pollution in numerous cities worldwide. For cities situated in plateau regions, complex topography and unique climatic characteristics further exacerbate the dispersion and accumulation of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀. This results in highly nonlinear and uncertain air quality data, posing significant challenges for accurate pollution concentration forecasting. Therefore, this paper proposes a “Decomposition-Prediction-Integration” framework. This method first employs variational modal decomposition to adaptively decompose raw, chaotic pollutant sequences into a series of more stable, physically meaningful intrinsic modal functions, effectively separating noise from fluctuating trends across different timescales. Subsequently, a CNN-BiLSTM model is constructed: CNN extracts local fine-grained features from multiple IMFs, while BiLSTM learns their long-term bidirectional dependencies. Experimental validation across four monitoring stations in Kunming demonstrates that this framework significantly outperforms eight baseline models in PM_2.5 forecasting. This study not only establishes a new paradigm for air quality prediction in complex topography but, more importantly, identifies and thoroughly analyzes the distinct response mechanisms exhibited by the same decomposition-prediction framework for PM_2.5 and PM₁₀. This reveals the critical importance of model adaptation for different particle sizes in plateau cities.

近年来，气候变化、工业化加速和人口密度上升等多种因素导致全球许多城市出现严重的空气污染。对于位于高原地区的城市，复杂的地形和独特的气候特征进一步加剧了PM2.5和PM10的扩散和积累。这导致了高度非线性和不确定的空气质量数据，对准确的污染浓度预测提出了重大挑战。为此，本文提出了“分解-预测-集成”框架。该方法首先采用变分模态分解，将原始的、混沌的污染物序列自适应地分解为一系列更稳定的、物理上有意义的内在模态函数，有效地将噪声从不同时间尺度的波动趋势中分离出来。随后，构建CNN-BiLSTM模型：CNN从多个imf中提取局部细粒度特征，BiLSTM学习它们的长期双向依赖关系。昆明4个监测站的实验验证表明，该框架在PM2.5预测方面明显优于8个基线模型。本研究不仅建立了复杂地形下空气质量预测的新范式，更重要的是，识别并深入分析了PM2.5和PM10在相同分解预测框架下所表现出的不同响应机制。这揭示了高原城市不同粒径的模型适应的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Nutrient-dependent bioturbation of calcium ions in acid mine drainage simulations: Thresholds for inhibition and promotion of jarosites-schwertmannite mineral synthesis 酸性矿井排水模拟中钙离子的营养依赖生物扰动：抑制和促进黄钾铁矾-施魏锰矿矿物合成的阈值

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104722

Caichun Wei , Kanghui Geng , Fenwu Liu , Zhenjiang Jin , Haitao Huang , Shuqin Li , Jun Chen , Lixiang Zhou

In this study, the effect of Ca^2 + concentration on the biosynthesis of secondary iron minerals in two different nutrient environments was analyzed by simulating acid mine drainage using shake flask tests, one with a liquid medium containing 9 K and another without it. The Ca²⁺ concentrations in both systems were set at 0, 30, 60, 120, 240, and 480 mg/L. We analyzed pH value(s) level, Fe²⁺ oxidation rate, total Fe precipitation rate, and relevant parameters of secondary iron minerals throughout the mineral formation mediated by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. ferrooxidans). The results showed that in the system containing 9 K medium, adding Ca²⁺ inhibited the oxidation of Fe²⁺ during the A. ferrooxidans–mediated mineral formation process. In that case, as the concentration of Ca²⁺ increased, the pH value(s) decreased more slowly, resulting in lower rates for both Fe²⁺ oxidation and total Fe precipitation. The minerals produced from each treatment were primarily jarosites and a small amount of schwertmannite. The overall mineralization process in the system without 9 K medium was significantly slower than in the system with 9 K medium. However, compared to the control group, Ca²⁺ still had a certain positive effect on the biological oxidation process within the system.

在本研究中，通过摇瓶试验模拟酸性矿山排水，分析了Ca2 +浓度对两种不同营养环境下次生铁矿物生物合成的影响，其中一种是含有9 K的液体介质，另一种是不含9 K的液体介质。两个系统中的Ca2+浓度分别设置为0、30、60、120、240和480 mg/L。我们分析了由Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans （a.f erooxidans）介导的矿物形成过程中次生铁矿物的pH值(s)水平、Fe2+氧化速率、总Fe沉淀速率及相关参数。结果表明，在含有9 K的培养基中，Ca2+的加入抑制了A. ferrooxidans介导的矿物形成过程中Fe2+的氧化。在这种情况下，随着Ca2+浓度的增加，pH值(s)下降得更慢，导致Fe2+氧化和总铁沉淀的速率更低。每次处理产生的矿物主要是黄钾铁矾和少量的许氏锰矿。无9 K介质体系的整体矿化过程明显慢于有9 K介质体系。但与对照组相比，Ca2+对系统内的生物氧化过程仍有一定的积极作用。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrothermal carbonization of spent coffee grounds: Hydrochar preparation, characterization, and adsorptive removal of rhodamine 6G 废咖啡渣的水热碳化：水炭制备、表征和罗丹明6G的吸附去除

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104731

Lucy Nyambura Karanja , Elsada Neziri , Anna Bulátkó , Rong Shan , Krisztina László , Imre Miklós Szilágyi

Hydrochars synthesized under different hydrothermal conditions were investigated to evaluate their structural properties and adsorption performance toward Rhodamine 6G (Rh 6G). Increasing hydrothermal temperature and residence time promoted the formation of a condensed carbon framework, consistent with progressive dehydration and aromatization. FTIR analysis revealed oxygen containing functional groups (-OH, CO, and CC), while EDX showed increasing carbon content and decreasing oxygen content with increasing hydrothermal severity. XRD patterns confirmed an amorphous structure, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis indicated low BET surface areas of 2.0–4.53 m² g⁻¹.

Batch adsorption experiments showed rapid initial uptake of Rh 6G followed by equilibrium, with removal efficiencies of 72–96 %. Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model (R² = 0.991–0.9998), indicating surface-controlled adsorption. Equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm, suggesting monolayer adsorption, with maximum adsorption capacities of 299.21 ± 2.97–633.12 ± 12.17 mg g⁻¹. Thermodynamic analysis indicated spontaneous and endothermic adsorption, with enthalpy values of 20.81–27.71 kJ mol⁻¹ and positive entropy changes. Adsorption efficiency increased with increasing solution pH and adsorbent dosage. Post-adsorption FTIR spectra showed peak shifts and new bands, confirming surface functional group involvement in dye binding. Despite the low surface area, high adsorption performance was attributed to electrostatic attraction, π-π interactions, and hydrogen bonding. Reusability tests showed that the hydrochars retained approximately 85 % of their initial adsorption capacity after four cycles, demonstrating their potential as reusable adsorbents for dye-contaminated wastewater.

研究了在不同水热条件下合成的氢炭的结构性质和对罗丹明6G （Rh 6G）的吸附性能。水热温度和停留时间的增加促进了碳骨架的形成，与逐渐脱水和芳构化相一致。FTIR分析显示含氧官能团（-OH、CO和CC），而EDX随热液严重程度的增加，碳含量增加，氧含量减少。XRD谱图证实其为非晶态结构，氮气吸附-解吸分析表明BET比表面积在2.0 ~ 4.53 m2 g−1之间。间歇式吸附实验表明，Rh 6G的初始吸附快速，随后达到平衡，去除率为72-96 %。吸附动力学符合拟二阶模型（R2 = 0.991-0.9998），表明表面控制吸附。平衡数据符合Langmuir等温线，表明单层吸附，最大吸附量为299.21 ± 2.97-633.12 ± 12.17 mg g−1。热力学分析表明，吸附为自发吸热吸附，焓值为20.81 ~ 27.71 kJ mol−1，熵变为正。吸附效率随溶液pH和吸附剂用量的增加而增加。吸附后的FTIR光谱显示出峰移和新波段，证实了表面官能团参与了染料的结合。尽管比表面积小，但由于静电吸引、π-π相互作用和氢键的作用，其吸附性能很高。可重复使用性测试表明，经过四个循环后，水合物保留了约85% %的初始吸附容量，证明了它们作为可重复使用的染料污染废水吸附剂的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Litter-derived dissolved organic matter promotes the accumulation and transformation of unstable organic matter in mangrove sediments 凋落物衍生的溶解有机质促进了红树林沉积物中不稳定有机质的积累和转化

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104723

Guanglong Zhang , Yue Ke , Hanyi Li , Xilin Xiao , Jingchun Liu , Haoliang Lu , Chongling Yan , Hualong Hong

Plant litter input is a fundamental driver of carbon cycling in mangrove sediments. However, the mechanisms by which litter decomposition simultaneously regulates soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and destabilization remain poorly understood, limiting our ability to predict the stability of blue carbon ecosystems. Herein, we conducted litter addition experiments combined with three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance, to assess dissolved organic carbon transformation and stability during litter decomposition. Our results demonstrate that litter decomposition alters mangrove sediment properties, with a higher decomposition rate observed in summer compared to winter. During summer, litter-driven carbon accumulation increased significantly (from 20 to 40 g kg⁻¹), characterized by high microbial activity and decarboxylation reactions, leading to substantial accumulation of labile components (e.g., CCCH, XCCH) and a net increase in SOC lability. In contrast, winter decomposition favored preservation pathways, such as dealkylation and oxygen addition, resulting in the enrichment of recalcitrant, carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules. This mechanistic insight resolves the apparent paradox of simultaneous stability and instability, demonstrating that litter input is a critical determinant of blue carbon fate. Our findings underscore the necessity of incorporating these seasonal dynamics and molecular-level pathways into models for accurate carbon accounting and sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems.

植物凋落物输入是红树林沉积物碳循环的基本驱动力。然而，凋落物分解同时调节土壤有机碳（SOC）积累和不稳定的机制仍然知之甚少，限制了我们预测蓝碳生态系统稳定性的能力。为此，我们结合三维激发发射矩阵荧光光谱、傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱和质子核磁共振进行凋落物添加实验，评估凋落物分解过程中溶解有机碳的转化和稳定性。我们的研究结果表明，凋落物分解改变了红树林沉积物的性质，夏季的分解率高于冬季。在夏季，凋落物驱动的碳积累显著增加（从20到40 g kg⁻¹），以高微生物活性和脱羧反应为特征，导致大量不稳定成分（如CCCH， XCCH）的积累和SOC稳定性的净增加。相比之下，冬季分解有利于脱烷基和氧加成等保存途径，从而使顽固的富含羧基的脂环分子富集。这种机制的洞察力解决了同时稳定和不稳定的明显悖论，表明凋落物输入是蓝碳命运的关键决定因素。我们的研究结果强调了将这些季节性动态和分子水平途径纳入模型的必要性，以便对红树林生态系统进行准确的碳核算和可持续管理。

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引用次数: 0

Tailoring antifouling properties of hollow fiber membranes via controlled ZnO nanoparticle reinforcement for real water applications 通过控制ZnO纳米颗粒增强中空纤维膜的防污性能，用于实际水应用

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104700

Inalmar D. Barbosa Segundo , Benjamin Gabas , Antoine Roudiere , Giovana Boaventura de Oliveira , Karine Cappuccio de Castro , Daiana Kotra Deda , João de Deus Pereira de Moraes Segundo , Jonathan C. Espíndola , José C. Mierzwa

Hollow fiber membranes are widely applied in water treatment due to their compact design and high surface area-to-volume ratio, yet their practical use is still hindered by fouling and structural instability. Here, we report a tailored approach to overcome these limitations by reinforcing polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with zinc oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZnO) synthesized under controlled precursor and calcination conditions. Among the tested routes, nano-ZnO derived from zinc acetate and calcined at 250 °C for 5 h exhibited exceptional colloidal stability and dispersion in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, enabling seamless integration into the membrane matrix. Incorporation of 4 % nano-ZnO yielded hollow fiber membranes with a uniform asymmetric structure, improved hydrophilicity (60.6° contact angle), and enhanced antifouling behavior, reducing flux decline to 48.5 % (vs. 65.9 % for the control). These membranes achieved significant removal of real-water contaminants (28.1 % COD, 93.2 % turbidity, 69.2 % color), demonstrating performance improvements under natural surface water conditions rather than model foulants. Higher nanoparticle loadings (6–8 %) increased surface area but compromised structural integrity, underscoring the critical role of nanoparticle–polymer compatibility. This work highlights a reproducible pathway to engineer fouling-resistant membranes through controlled nanomaterial synthesis and incorporation, advancing the practical deployment of nanocomposite membranes for sustainable water treatment.

中空纤维膜由于其紧凑的设计和高的表面积体积比在水处理中得到了广泛的应用，但其实际应用仍然受到污染和结构不稳定的阻碍。在这里，我们报告了一种量身定制的方法，通过在控制前驱体和煅烧条件下合成氧化锌纳米粒子（纳米zno）来增强聚醚砜（PES）膜来克服这些限制。其中，由乙酸锌制备的纳米氧化锌在250℃下煅烧5 h后，在n -甲基-2-吡咯烷酮中表现出优异的胶体稳定性和分散性，能够无缝集成到膜基质中。加入4 %纳米氧化锌的中空纤维膜具有均匀的不对称结构，改善了亲水性（60.6°接触角），增强了防污性能，将通量下降降至48.5% %（对照组为65.9% %）。这些膜对真实水污染物的去除效果显著（COD为28.1 %，浊度为93.2 %，色度为69.2 %），表明在自然地表水条件下的性能优于模型污染物。更高的纳米颗粒负载（6-8 %）增加了表面积，但破坏了结构完整性，强调了纳米颗粒-聚合物相容性的关键作用。这项工作强调了通过控制纳米材料的合成和掺入来设计抗污染膜的可复制途径，推进了纳米复合膜在可持续水处理中的实际应用。

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引用次数: 0

Automated waste classification for smart recycling: A multi-class CNN approach with transfer learning and pre-trained models 智能回收的自动垃圾分类：一种带有迁移学习和预训练模型的多类CNN方法

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104673

Fatih Gurcan , Ahmet Soylu

This study presents a comparative analysis of pre-trained CNN models using transfer learning for the multi-class classification of recyclable waste. The dataset used is publicly available and comprises 15,150 images belonging to 12 different categories of recyclable household waste: paper, cardboard, biological, metal, plastic, green-glass, brown-glass, white-glass, clothes, shoes, batteries, and trash. The methodology involves implementing 14 different CNN models pre-trained on ImageNet (e.g., ConvNeXt_V1, ResNet50, MobileNet_V3_Large) on this dataset through a transfer learning procedure. In all pre-trained models, only the final classifier layer was trained, while all other layers were kept frozen, utilizing a feature extraction strategy that leverages previously learned visual representations. This approach significantly reduced training time and computational cost, while minimizing the risk of overfitting in scenarios with limited data. Model performance was evaluated using classification metrics such as accuracy, F1-score, precision, and recall, as well as computational efficiency indicators including architectural depth, parameter count, and training time. According to the findings, the ConvNeXt_V1 model achieved the highest performance with a test accuracy of 96.95 %. On the other hand, MobileNet_V2 (93.90 %), MobileNet_V3_Large (93.69 %), MNASNet_1_0 (93.69 %), RegNet_Y_800MF (92.87 %), and SqueezeNet_1_0 (92.10 %) offered shorter training times (ranging from 2856 to 7219 s) and stood out as efficient alternatives for embedded system applications.

本研究使用迁移学习对预训练的CNN模型进行了比较分析，用于可回收垃圾的多类分类。所使用的数据集是公开的，包含15150张图像，属于12种不同类别的可回收生活垃圾：纸、纸板、生物、金属、塑料、绿色玻璃、棕色玻璃、白色玻璃、衣服、鞋子、电池和垃圾。该方法涉及通过迁移学习过程在该数据集上实现在ImageNet上预训练的14种不同的CNN模型（例如，ConvNeXt_V1, ResNet50, MobileNet_V3_Large）。在所有预训练的模型中，只训练最后的分类器层，而所有其他层保持冻结，利用先前学习的视觉表示的特征提取策略。这种方法大大减少了训练时间和计算成本，同时最大限度地降低了在有限数据场景下过度拟合的风险。使用分类指标（如准确性、f1分数、精度和召回率）以及计算效率指标（包括架构深度、参数计数和训练时间）来评估模型性能。根据研究结果，ConvNeXt_V1模型达到了最高的性能，测试准确率为96.95 %。另一方面，MobileNet_V2（93.90 %）、MobileNet_V3_Large（93.69 %）、MNASNet_1_0（93.69 %）、RegNet_Y_800MF（92.87 %）和SqueezeNet_1_0（92.10 %）提供了更短的训练时间（范围从2856到7219 s），作为嵌入式系统应用的高效替代方案脱颖而出。

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引用次数: 0

Tamarix chinensis Lour. cultivation drives microbial succession and network reconfiguration in saline-alkali soil restoration 柽柳（柽柳）在盐碱地恢复中，耕作驱动微生物演替和网络重构

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental Technology & Innovation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2026.104770

Zijian Zhang , Weishuai Wang , Ruinan Hou , Changxiong Zhu , Yali Huang

Long-term cultivation of the halophyte as an effective phytoremediation strategy for saline-alkali soils. In this study, soil samples were collected from plots planted with Tamarix chinensis Lour for 5 years (CL5Y), 10 years (CL10Y), and 20 years (CL20Y) at the Experimental Base for Efficient Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences. An unplanted plot was designated as the control (CK). After two decades of continuous planting, soil total salt content and electrical conductivity decreased by 83.7% and 82.9%, respectively, while key nutrient indicators showed marked increases—organic matter increased by 103.7%, available phosphorus by 986.8%, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen by 127.6%. These substantial shifts collectively indicate a significant improvement in soil quality, with salinity strongly suppressed and fertility substantially enhanced. Soil microbial communities exhibited clear temporal succession in response to planting duration. Short-term (5-year) cultivation significantly enriched functional taxa involved in nitrogen cycling, such as Proteobacteria and Rozellomycota. Medium-term (10-year) planting resulted in peak bacterial α-diversity, with the abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) index increasing by 20.9%. Long-term (20-year) planting fosters the development of a more complex and robust microbial co-occurrence network. β NTI analysis revealed that deterministic processes increasingly dominated microbial community assembly over time. This study underscores the pivotal role of plant-microbe interactions in mediating soil reclamation, thereby providing a scientific foundation for ecological restoration of saline-alkali lands.

长期种植盐生植物是盐碱地有效的植物修复策略。本研究在中国科学院盐碱地资源高效利用实验基地对种植柽柳5年（CL5Y）、10年（CL10Y）和20年（CL20Y）的地块进行土壤样品采集。指定一块未种植地块作为对照（CK）。连续种植20年后，土壤全盐含量和电导率分别下降了83.7%和82.9%，而关键养分指标有机质、速效磷和碱解氮分别增加了103.7%、986.8%和127.6%。这些实质性的变化共同表明土壤质量的显著改善，盐度得到强烈抑制，肥力大大提高。土壤微生物群落表现出明显的时间演替特征。短期（5年）培养显著丰富了参与氮循环的功能类群，如变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和Rozellomycota。中期（10年）种植导致细菌α-多样性达到峰值，基于丰度的覆盖度估计（ACE）指数增加了20.9%。长期（20年）种植促进了一个更复杂和强大的微生物共生网络的发展。β NTI分析显示，随着时间的推移，确定性过程越来越主导微生物群落组装。本研究强调了植物-微生物相互作用在土壤复垦中的关键作用，为盐碱地生态修复提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0