In ovo sexing of chickens: Evaluating volatile organic compounds analysis techniques and daily prediction performance from the onset of incubation

IF 4.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2024.08.013
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Abstract

In ovo sexing identifies chicken embryo sex before or during incubation to avoid euthanising male chicks after hatching, enhancing animal welfare in the laying hen industry. Recently, researchers demonstrated the potential for non-invasive and early in ovo sexing through the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by eggs. However, a knowledge gap remains in understanding prediction model robustness, the efficacy of faster acquisition techniques, and day-to-day performance. In this study, two experiments were performed to fill these gaps. In Experiment 1, passive VOC extractions were performed on 110 eggs on incubation day 10 using sampling bags employing headspace sorptive extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HSSE-GC-MS), proton transfer reaction-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS), and selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). Prediction models were built using partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and variable selection methods. As a result, prediction accuracies ranged from 57.6 % to 61.4 %, indicating no significant difference between the devices and highlighting the need for further optimisations. In Experiment 2, passive VOC samplings were performed on 42 eggs in glass jars during the initial 12 days of incubation using HSSE-GC-MS. Consequently, the optimised setup yielded higher accuracies ranging from 63.1 % (on day 0) to 71.4 % (on days 4, 6, and 12), revealing VOCs consistently elevated in relative abundance for a specific sex, and overall VOC abundance was higher in male embryos. Suggestions for future experiments to increase the accuracy of VOC in ovo sexing include active sampling with inert materials, expanding sample sets, and targeting consistent compounds.

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鸡体内性别鉴定:评估挥发性有机化合物分析技术和从孵化开始的每日预测性能
胚胎性别鉴定可在孵化前或孵化过程中识别鸡胚胎性别,避免孵化后对雄性雏鸡实施安乐死,从而提高蛋鸡行业的动物福利。最近,研究人员通过分析鸡蛋释放的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),证明了非侵入式早期胚胎性别鉴定的潜力。然而,在了解预测模型的稳健性、更快采集技术的功效以及日常性能方面仍存在知识空白。本研究进行了两项实验来填补这些空白。实验 1 采用顶空吸附萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用仪(HSSE-GC-MS)、质子转移反应-飞行时间-质谱联用仪(PTR-TOF-MS)和选择离子流管-质谱联用仪(SIFT-MS)对孵化第 10 天的 110 枚蛋进行了被动挥发性有机化合物萃取。利用偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)和变量选择方法建立了预测模型。结果表明,预测准确率在 57.6 % 到 61.4 % 之间,表明不同装置之间没有显著差异,需要进一步优化。在实验 2 中,使用 HSSE-GC-MS 对孵化最初 12 天内玻璃瓶中的 42 枚鸡蛋进行了被动 VOC 采样。结果,优化设置产生了更高的准确度,从 63.1 %(第 0 天)到 71.4 %(第 4、6 和 12 天)不等,揭示了特定性别的挥发性有机化合物相对丰度持续升高,雄性胚胎的总体挥发性有机化合物丰度更高。为提高卵中挥发性有机化合物性别鉴定的准确性,建议未来的实验包括使用惰性材料进行主动采样、扩大样品集以及针对一致的化合物。
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来源期刊
Biosystems Engineering
Biosystems Engineering 农林科学-农业工程
CiteScore
10.60
自引率
7.80%
发文量
239
审稿时长
53 days
期刊介绍: Biosystems Engineering publishes research in engineering and the physical sciences that represent advances in understanding or modelling of the performance of biological systems for sustainable developments in land use and the environment, agriculture and amenity, bioproduction processes and the food chain. The subject matter of the journal reflects the wide range and interdisciplinary nature of research in engineering for biological systems.
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