Metastable square Bismuth allotrope oriented by six-fold symmetric mica

IF 9.1 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY npj 2D Materials and Applications Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1038/s41699-024-00495-4
Nan Wu, Xiangchen Hu, Yinliang Tang, Congcong Wu, Yu Chen, Yiyuan Ren, Zhuo Zhang, Yi Yu, Hung-Ta Wang
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Abstract

Layered bismuth (Bi) has been focused on two Peierls distortion derivatives, i.e., bulk stable β-phase (A7 phase), black phosphorus-like α-phase (A17 phase), and their mutated structures. Metastable structures beyond Peierls distortion system are yet rarely accessible. Here, Bi in square symmetry ( $${C}_{4v}$$ ), called s-Bi, was grown via physical vapor deposition. The co-existence of three 120°-associated s-Bi crystal grains was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. 120°-oriented one-dimensional (1D) nuclei indicate s-Bi heteroepitaxy on six-fold symmetric ( $${C}_{6v}$$ ) mica (001). A subsequent nanorod-like nuclei coalescing could promote a morphology evolution, resulting in triangular or hexagonal nanosheets with the unique triple s-Bi structure suitable for later β-Bi growth. Lattice misfit and strain calculations suggest a supercell match between $$4\times 7$$ s-Bi and $$3\times 3$$ mica (001). This work demonstrates the metastable s-Bi structure via anisotropic heteroepitaxy of $${C}_{4v}$$ s-Bi on $${C}_{6v}$$ mica.

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六重对称云母定向的可蜕变方形铋同素异形体
层状铋(Bi)主要集中在两种 Peierls 扭曲衍生物上,即块状稳定 β 相(A7 相)、黑磷样 α 相(A17 相)及其变异结构。超越 Peierls 畸变系统的可迁移结构还很少见。在这里,通过物理气相沉积法生长出了方形对称的 Bi(${C}_{4v}$$),称为 s-Bi。利用透射电子显微镜分析了三个 120° 相邻 s-Bi 晶粒的共存情况。120°方向的一维(1D)晶核表明,s-Bi异质外延生长在六倍对称($${C}_{6v}$$)云母(001)上。随后的纳米棒状晶核凝聚可促进形态演变,形成具有独特的三重 s-Bi 结构的三角形或六角形纳米片,适于以后的 β-Bi 生长。晶格失配和应变计算表明,4乘以7的s-Bi与3乘以3的云母(001)之间存在超晶胞匹配。这项工作证明了在 ${C}_{6v}$ 云母上通过 ${C}_{4v}$ s-Bi 的各向异性异向外延而形成的可蜕变 s-Bi 结构。
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来源期刊
npj 2D Materials and Applications
npj 2D Materials and Applications Engineering-Mechanics of Materials
CiteScore
14.50
自引率
2.10%
发文量
80
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: npj 2D Materials and Applications publishes papers on the fundamental behavior, synthesis, properties and applications of existing and emerging 2D materials. By selecting papers with the potential for impact, the journal aims to facilitate the transfer of the research of 2D materials into wide-ranging applications.
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