{"title":"Congenital hypothyroidism and risk of subsequent autism spectrum disorder and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Taiwan","authors":"Hung‐Yi Lin, Chih‐Sung Liang, Shih‐Jen Tsai, Ju‐Wei Hsu, Kai‐Lin Huang, Tung‐Ping Su, Tzeng‐Ji Chen, Ya‐Mei Bai, Tien‐Wei Hsu, Mu‐Hong Chen","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13733","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"AimEvidence suggests an association between maternal hypothyroidism and risk of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. We examined the risk of ASD and ADHD in individuals with congenital hypothyroidism (CHT).MethodsA nationwide population‐based cohort study enrolled a total of 1260 children younger than 12 years with a confirmed diagnosis of CHT and no prior diagnosis of any neurodevelopmental disorders, selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan between 1998 to 2013. In addition, 12,600 controls matched for sex, age, and residence were selected. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to investigate the association among CHT, ASD, and ADHD.ResultsChildren with CHT were associated with a higher incidence of ASD (7.1‰ vs 1.3‰, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.001) and ADHD (39.7‰ vs 18.7‰, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.001) than the control group. Cox regression analyses demonstrated that children with CHT were associated with elevated risks of ASD (hazard ratio [HR], 4.72 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.08–10.70]) and ADHD (HR, 2.03 [95% CI, 1.49–2.77]), after adjusting for demographic data and family history of major psychiatric disorders, compared with the control group.ConclusionChildren with CHT were associated with approximately a two‐fold increased risk of ADHD and a four‐fold increased risk of ASD than the control group. Our study highlights the need for future research to elucidate the potential pathophysiology among CHD, ASD, and ADHD.","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13733","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
AimEvidence suggests an association between maternal hypothyroidism and risk of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. We examined the risk of ASD and ADHD in individuals with congenital hypothyroidism (CHT).MethodsA nationwide population‐based cohort study enrolled a total of 1260 children younger than 12 years with a confirmed diagnosis of CHT and no prior diagnosis of any neurodevelopmental disorders, selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan between 1998 to 2013. In addition, 12,600 controls matched for sex, age, and residence were selected. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to investigate the association among CHT, ASD, and ADHD.ResultsChildren with CHT were associated with a higher incidence of ASD (7.1‰ vs 1.3‰, P < 0.001) and ADHD (39.7‰ vs 18.7‰, P < 0.001) than the control group. Cox regression analyses demonstrated that children with CHT were associated with elevated risks of ASD (hazard ratio [HR], 4.72 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.08–10.70]) and ADHD (HR, 2.03 [95% CI, 1.49–2.77]), after adjusting for demographic data and family history of major psychiatric disorders, compared with the control group.ConclusionChildren with CHT were associated with approximately a two‐fold increased risk of ADHD and a four‐fold increased risk of ASD than the control group. Our study highlights the need for future research to elucidate the potential pathophysiology among CHD, ASD, and ADHD.
目的有证据表明,母体甲状腺功能减退症与后代患注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)或自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的风险有关。我们研究了先天性甲状腺功能减退症(CHT)患者罹患自闭症谱系障碍和注意力缺陷障碍的风险。此外,还选取了12600名性别、年龄和居住地匹配的对照组。结果与对照组相比,患有CHT的儿童的ASD(7.1‰ vs 1.3‰,P < 0.001)和ADHD(39.7‰ vs 18.7‰,P < 0.001)发病率更高。Cox回归分析表明,与对照组相比,在调整人口统计学数据和主要精神疾病家族史后,CHT患儿患ASD(危险比[HR],4.72[95%置信区间(CI),2.08-10.70])和ADHD(危险比,2.03[95%CI,1.49-2.77])的风险升高。我们的研究强调了未来研究的必要性,以阐明先天性心脏病、自闭症和多动症之间潜在的病理生理学关系。
期刊介绍:
PCN (Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences)
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Published 12 online issues a year by JSPN
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Authors must confirm that the manuscript has not been published or submitted elsewhere and has been approved by each author