The social amplification of illusory correlations

IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL European Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1002/ejsp.3104
Cristina Mendonça, André Mata, Mário Boto Ferreira, Hans Alves
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Abstract

Illusory correlations are thought to underlie many undesirable judgements and behaviours, such as those that result in out‐group discrimination. In this research, illusory correlations are investigated in a dynamic fashion using the serial reproduction paradigm. Specifically, participants learned about members of certain groups and behaviours that they performed or attributes that they possessed. Afterwards, they were asked to recall that information and pass it on to other participants, such that whatever memory bias they produced was built into the information that was presented to others. Results revealed a weak tendency for the first participants to perceive an illusory correlation between certain groups and certain behaviours or attributes. More importantly, this pattern grew stronger as information was communicated across participants in a communication chain. That is, the illusory correlation became larger as the information passed from one participant to the next. These results show how biases can grow in society, such that what starts out as a very small misperception can acquire large proportions when incorrect information travels through different people.
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虚幻关联的社会放大效应
人们认为,虚幻的相关性是许多不良判断和行为的基础,例如那些导致外群体歧视的判断和行为。在这项研究中,我们采用了连环再现范式,以动态的方式对虚幻相关性进行了研究。具体来说,参与者要了解某些群体的成员及其行为或属性。之后,他们被要求回忆这些信息并将其传递给其他参与者,这样,他们所产生的记忆偏差就会融入到传递给其他人的信息中。结果显示,第一批参与者有一种微弱的倾向,即认为某些群体与某些行为或属性之间存在虚幻的相关性。更重要的是,随着信息在交流链中向不同参与者传递,这种模式越来越强。也就是说,当信息从一个参与者传递到另一个参与者时,这种虚幻的相关性会变得更大。这些结果表明了偏见是如何在社会中滋生的,当错误的信息在不同的人之间传播时,一开始很小的误解也会变得很大。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
7.70%
发文量
84
期刊介绍: Topics covered include, among others, intergroup relations, group processes, social cognition, attitudes, social influence and persuasion, self and identity, verbal and nonverbal communication, language and thought, affect and emotion, embodied and situated cognition and individual differences of social-psychological relevance. Together with original research articles, the European Journal of Social Psychology"s innovative and inclusive style is reflected in the variety of articles published: Research Article: Original articles that provide a significant contribution to the understanding of social phenomena, up to a maximum of 12,000 words in length.
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