The Basic Dualism in the World: Object-Oriented Ontology and Systems Theory

IF 0.3 0 PHILOSOPHY Open Philosophy Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI:10.1515/opphil-2024-0028
Martin Zwick
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Abstract

Graham Harman writes that the “basic dualism in the world lies…between things in their intimate reality and things as confronted by other things.” However, dualism implies irreconcilable difference; what Harman points to is better expressed as a dyad, where the two components imply one another and interact. This article shows that systems theory has long asserted the fundamental character of Harman’s dyad, expressing it as the union of internal structure and external function, which correspond exactly to what Levi Bryant, characterizing Harman’s views, refers to as the intra-ontic and the inter-ontic, respectively. After interpreting Harman’s dyad in terms of the ontology of systems theory, the article illustrates his dyad with a variety of examples, including conceptions about truth, ethics, value, and intelligence. The structure–function dyad is a spatial conception of a system as an object. It is usefully augmented with a temporal dimension, expressed in a third component or with an additional orthogonal dyad. Adding a temporal dyad to the structure–function dyad joins the idea of an event and/or process to the idea of an object.
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世界的基本二元论面向对象的本体论与系统论
格雷厄姆-哈曼(Graham Harman)写道,"世界的基本二元论在于......事物在其亲密的现实中和事物与其他事物的对抗之间"。然而,二元论意味着不可调和的差异;哈曼所指出的最好是二元对立,即两个组成部分相互暗示、相互作用。本文指出,系统论早已肯定了哈曼二元对立的基本特征,将其表述为内部结构与外部功能的结合,这与列维-布莱恩特(Levi Bryant)在表述哈曼的观点时分别称之为 "内部-实体"(intra-ontic)和 "内部-实体"(inter-ontic)是一一对应的。在从系统论的本体论角度解释了哈曼的二元对立之后,文章用各种例子来说明他的二元对立,包括关于真理、伦理、价值和智能的概念。结构-功能二元对立是系统作为对象的空间概念。它还可以用时间维度加以补充,用第三部分或额外的正交二元对立来表示。在结构-功能二元对立中加入时间二元对立,可以将事件和/或过程的概念与对象的概念结合起来。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Open Philosophy
Open Philosophy Arts and Humanities-Philosophy
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
20.00%
发文量
25
审稿时长
15 weeks
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