Electrowetland Pilot of 50 m2: Operation and Characterization Under Real Conditions for 1 Year

IF 2.6 4区工程技术 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI:10.1002/fuce.202300231

Pau Bosch-Jimenez, Clara Corbella, Ainhoa Gaudes, Sonia Sanchis, Pau Lopez, Daniele Molognoni, Alicia Villazán Cabero, Jose María de Cuenca, Eduard Borràs

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Abstract

Traditional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) consume a significant amount of energy to clean wastewater. However, for medium- and small-scale WWTPs, it is crucial to have an energetically self-sustained treatment. In this regard, novel low-energy demand treatment systems, such as nature-based solutions (NBS), are highly suitable alternatives. Constructed wetlands coupled with microbial fuel cells (MFC), referred to as electrowetlands (EWs), are NBS able to treat wastewater while recovering electricity. In this study, initially, various granular carbon materials were tested as anode materials in laboratory-scale MFCs, and anthracite was selected due to its higher electrochemical activity. Then, pre-pilot scale tests were conducted, evaluating different EW configurations. The one consisting in a horizontal anode yielded the best wastewater treatment efficiencies (chemical oxygen demand [COD] degradation greater than 90%) and electricity production (11 mW m⁻²; 260 mWh day⁻¹ m⁻²). Finally, a 50 m² pilot was constructed in Valladolid, studying its performance under real conditions for 1 year. The pilot showed robust and stable performance, achieving high wastewater treatment efficiencies (COD degradation >85%, outflow COD of 100 ppm) and generating 115 Wh in 1 year (power density of 0.4 mW m⁻²).

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50 平方米的电湿地试点：在真实条件下运行和表征 1 年

传统的污水处理厂（WWTPs）需要消耗大量能源来净化污水。然而，对于中小型污水处理厂来说，实现能源自给自足的处理至关重要。在这方面，新型低能耗处理系统，如基于自然的解决方案（NBS），是非常合适的替代方案。与微生物燃料电池 (MFC) 相结合的人工湿地被称为电湿地 (EW)，是一种能够在处理废水的同时回收电力的 NBS。在这项研究中，首先测试了各种颗粒碳材料作为实验室规模 MFC 的阳极材料，由于无烟煤具有较高的电化学活性，因此被选中。然后，进行了先导规模试验，评估了不同的 EW 配置。其中，水平阳极的废水处理效率（化学需氧量 [COD] 降解率大于 90%）和发电量（11 mW m-2；260 mWh day-1 m-2）最高。最后，在巴利亚多利德建造了一个 50 平方米的试点，在实际条件下对其性能进行了为期一年的研究。试点项目表现出强劲而稳定的性能，实现了较高的废水处理效率（化学需氧量降解 85%，流出的化学需氧量为 100 ppm），并在 1 年内产生了 115 Wh 电量（功率密度为 0.4 mW m-2）。

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来源期刊

Fuel Cells 工程技术-电化学

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

3.7 months

期刊介绍： This journal is only available online from 2011 onwards. Fuel Cells — From Fundamentals to Systems publishes on all aspects of fuel cells, ranging from their molecular basis to their applications in systems such as power plants, road vehicles and power sources in portables. Fuel Cells is a platform for scientific exchange in a diverse interdisciplinary field. All related work in -chemistry- materials science- physics- chemical engineering- electrical engineering- mechanical engineering- is included. Fuel Cells—From Fundamentals to Systems has an International Editorial Board and Editorial Advisory Board, with each Editor being a renowned expert representing a key discipline in the field from either a distinguished academic institution or one of the globally leading companies. Fuel Cells—From Fundamentals to Systems is designed to meet the needs of scientists and engineers who are actively working in the field. Until now, information on materials, stack technology and system approaches has been dispersed over a number of traditional scientific journals dedicated to classical disciplines such as electrochemistry, materials science or power technology. Fuel Cells—From Fundamentals to Systems concentrates on the publication of peer-reviewed original research papers and reviews.