Differential salt stress resistance in male and female Salix linearistipularis plants: insights from transcriptome profiling and the identification of the 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase gene

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Planta Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1007/s00425-024-04528-6

Delong Fan, Weichao Fu, Lixin Li, Shenkui Liu, Yuanyuan Bu

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Main conclusion

Lysine plays an essential role in the growth differences between male and female S. linearistipularis plants under salt stress. Furthermore, SlDHDPS is identified as a vital gene contributing to the differences in saline-alkali tolerance between male and female plants of S. linearistipularis.

Abstract

Soil salinization is a significant problem that severely restricts agricultural production worldwide. High salinity and low nutrient concentrations consequently prevent the growth of most plant species. Salix linearistipularis is the only woody plant (shrub) naturally distributed in the saline-alkali lands of the Songnen Plain in Northeast China, and it is one of the few plants capable of thriving in soils with extremely high salt and alkaline pH (>9.0) levels. However, insufficient attention has been given to the interplay between salt and nitrogen in the growth and development of S. linearistipularis. Here, the male and female plants of S. linearistipularis were subjected to salt stress with nitrogen-starvation or nitrogen-supplement treatments, and it was found that nitrogen significantly affects the difference in salt tolerance between male and female plants, with nitrogen-starvation significantly enhancing the salt stress tolerance of female plants compared to male plants. Transcriptional analyses showed 66 differentially expressed nitrogen-responsive genes in female and male roots, with most of them showing sexual differences in expression patterns under salinity stress. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that six genes had an opposite salt-induced expression pattern in female and male roots. The expression of the 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase encoding gene (SlDHDPS) in female roots was higher than that in male roots. Further treatment with exogenous lysine could significantly alleviate the inhibitory effect of salt stress on the growth of female and male plants. These results indicate that the SlDHDPS in the nitrogen metabolism pathway is involved in the resistance of S. linearistipularis to salt stress, which lays a foundation for further exploring the mechanism of nitrogen on salt tolerance of S. linearistipularis, and has a significant reference value for saline-alkali land management and sustainable agricultural development.

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雌雄沙柳植物的抗盐胁迫能力差异：转录组图谱分析和 4-羟基-四氢二苯二酚合成酶基因鉴定的启示

主要结论赖氨酸在盐胁迫下雌雄线粒体植株的生长差异中起着至关重要的作用。此外，SlDHDPS 被确定为导致线形蓟马雌雄植株耐盐碱能力差异的一个重要基因。摘要土壤盐碱化是严重制约全球农业生产的一个重要问题。高盐度和低养分浓度阻碍了大多数植物物种的生长。盐肤木（Salix linearistipularis）是中国东北松嫩平原盐碱地自然分布的唯一木本植物（灌木），也是为数不多的能够在盐分极高、pH值（>9.0）碱性极强的土壤中生长的植物之一。然而，人们对盐和氮在 S. linearistipularis 生长发育过程中的相互作用关注不够。研究发现，氮显著影响雌雄植株对盐胁迫的耐受性差异，与雄性植株相比，氮胁迫显著增强雌性植株对盐胁迫的耐受性。转录分析表明，雌株和雄株根系中有66个氮响应基因表达不同，其中大部分基因在盐胁迫下的表达模式存在性别差异。RNA-seq 和 RT-qPCR 分析表明，6 个基因在雌性和雄性根中的盐诱导表达模式相反。其中，4-羟基-四氢二羟基酸合成酶编码基因（SlDHDPS）在雌根中的表达量高于雄根。外源赖氨酸的进一步处理可显著缓解盐胁迫对雌株和雄株生长的抑制作用。这些结果表明，氮代谢途径中的SlDHDPS参与了线粒体对盐胁迫的抵抗，为进一步探讨氮对线粒体耐盐性的作用机制奠定了基础，对盐碱地治理和农业可持续发展具有重要的参考价值。

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来源期刊

Planta 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

2.30%

发文量

217

审稿时长

2.3 months

期刊介绍： Planta publishes timely and substantial articles on all aspects of plant biology. We welcome original research papers on any plant species. Areas of interest include biochemistry, bioenergy, biotechnology, cell biology, development, ecological and environmental physiology, growth, metabolism, morphogenesis, molecular biology, new methods, physiology, plant-microbe interactions, structural biology, and systems biology.