Effect of smoking on the recurrence and progression of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Chaohu Chen, Guangrui Fan, Pan Li, Enguang Yang, Suoshi Jing, Yibo Shi, Yuwen Gong, Luyang Zhang, Zhiping Wang
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Abstract

Background

It is well established that smoking is the most significant risk factor for bladder cancer, yet the impact of smoking on the recurrence and progression of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remains a contentious issue.

Objective

To review all relevant literature published to date, providing a comprehensive assessment of the effects of smoking on the recurrence and progression of NMIBC, thereby offering a basis for smoking cessation management in NMIBC patients.

Methods

A search was conducted for all relevant literature published up to April 2024 in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. The existing literature results and deficiencies were analyzed, and the gaps in understanding between different studies were highlighted, with recommendations for future research.

Results

A total of 24 studies were included in this work. Among them, 14 studies suggested that smoking promotes the recurrence and progression of NMIBC, while another 10 studies concluded that smoking has no effect on the recurrence and progression of NMIBC patients.

Conclusions

Our research indicates that smoking increases the risk of recurrence and progression in NMIBC patients, and quitting smoking can improve health-related quality of life. High-quality, large-sample prospective cohort studies (or randomized controlled studies) are still needed in the future.

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吸烟对非肌层浸润性膀胱癌复发和进展的影响
背景吸烟是膀胱癌最主要的危险因素,这一点已得到公认,但吸烟对非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(NMIBC)复发和进展的影响仍是一个有争议的问题。目的回顾迄今为止发表的所有相关文献,全面评估吸烟对 NMIBC 复发和进展的影响,从而为 NMIBC 患者的戒烟管理提供依据。方法在 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Embase 数据库中检索截至 2024 年 4 月发表的所有相关文献。分析了现有文献的结果和不足,强调了不同研究之间在认识上的差距,并对未来研究提出了建议。结论我们的研究表明,吸烟会增加 NMIBC 患者的复发和病情进展风险,而戒烟可以改善与健康相关的生活质量。未来仍需进行高质量、大样本的前瞻性队列研究(或随机对照研究)。
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