Evaluation of gingival thickness obtained from intraoral scanning registration with cone beam computed tomography at different acquisition modes

Abstract

To investigate the reliability of gingival thickness measurements obtained from the registration of intraoral scans with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations at different acquisition modes. CBCT examinations of 9 porcine hemimandibles were acquired using the OP300 Maxio unit operating at the highest-dose protocol with the smallest voxel size as the reference standard for visualizing the gingival surface. Subsequently, the hemimandibles were surrounded by water to simulate soft tissue attenuation of radiation, and additional CBCT examinations were acquired in 4 modes: Endo, High-resolution, Standard-resolution, and Low-dose. These CBCT datasets were registered with corresponding intraoral scans obtained with the Carestream Dental 3600 intraoral scanning system using the Blue Sky Plan 4 software. Four oral radiologists measured the buccal gingival thickness on cross-sectional reconstructions at 4 measurement sites and 2 distances from the gingival margin in the CBCT reference standard examinations and examinations obtained with water and intraoral scan registration. Multifactorial analysis of variance was used to assess the influence of acquisition mode, measurement site, and distance from the gingival margin on measurements (α = 5%; statistical power = 90%). Buccal gingival thickness measurements obtained via CBCT after registration with intraoral scanning were not significantly influenced by acquisition mode ( = .153) or measurement site ( = .089). Gingival thickness measurements derived from the registration of intraoral scans with CBCT examinations at different acquisition modes appear to be reliable.