Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology最新文献

Objective: To systematically review available data regarding adenomatoid hyperplasia of minor salivary glands (AHMSG).

Study design: Electronic searches were performed in six databases and gray literature. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool.

Results: Forty studies reporting 121 cases of AHMSG were included. There is a male predominance (n = 72/64.29%), with individuals in their fourth and fifth decade of life being the most affected. The palate was the main anatomical location (n = 90/74.39%), and most lesions presented as single, asymptomatic nodules. The mean size of AHMSGs was 1.48 ± 0.77 cm, and the mean evolution time was 16.84 ± 25.67 months. Immunohistochemical evaluation in three cases (2.48%) showed a low labeling index for Ki-67 (n = 2/66.67%) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (n = 1/33.33%).

Conclusions: AHMSG is an uncommon benign lesion with no tendency to recur after initial surgical removal. The main histological features include an abundant proliferation of glandular acini, occasional ductal dilation, and sometimes the presence of inflammatory infiltrate. Pathologists and clinicians should be aware of AHMSG, as it can closely resemble both benign and malignant salivary gland lesions.

Objective: Oral punch biopsies are frequently used for analysis of lesions since they are minimally invasive, easily performed, and assist in diagnosis. Despite broad usage, recent changes in risk classification characterize oral punch biopsies as "greater than minimal risk" for institutional review board purposes. We performed a retrospective review of oral sampling in clinical trials to determine the safety of punch biopsies and other biospecimen collection methods in our oral cancer surveillance program.

Study design: Punch biopsies of 3- and 4-mm were collected following topical and local injection anesthetic. Hemostasis was achieved using pressure and silver nitrate cautery. Other specimens were collected according to standard collection guidelines. Safety and adverse events were determined through consultation with clinical investigator guidelines and were graded with the NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.

Results: In total, 579 samples were collected, 339 of which were oral punch biopsies. There were no adverse events above NCI CTCAE grade 1 for any biospecimen collection.

Conclusions: These results support the safety profile of oral punch biopsies and saliva collection. Additionally, these results align with previous research on punch biopsy safety and demonstrate fewer bleeding events. Based on the results and prior research, we believe that punch biopsies should be considered a minimal-risk procedure.

Objective: This systematic review aimed at identifying oncoviruses associated with head and neck malignant neoplasms (HNC).

Study design: Five databases and grey literature sources were searched following PRISMA guidelines. The risk of bias in individual studies was analyzed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool.

Results: One hundred and 19 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Gathered results of 57 studies were combined in a meta-analysis revealing a significant link between oncoviruses and the development of head and neck cancer, with the most common viruses identified were human papillomavirus (HPV)-16, HPV-18, and Epstein-Barr virus. More studies are needed to clarify the association of human cytomegalovirus and Merkel Cell Polyomavirus with HNC.

Conclusions: Although the role of viruses in cancer onset has been studied for years, our results demonstrated using a meta-analysis that these viruses are associated with HNC.

Background: To investigate the impact of radiotherapy (RT) on the distribution and function of peripheral CD8⁺ T lymphocytes in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC).

Methods: A total of 105 HPSCC patients who underwent definitive RT were enrolled. Baseline levels of peripheral immune cells were obtained, and their alteration during RT was evaluated. Flow cytometry was used to analyze T-cell distribution, cytokine secretion, and CD8⁺ T lymphocyte proliferation capacity.

Results: Lymphocyte count significantly decreased following radiation and remained in a low level after 1 year of RT. CD3⁺ T lymphocyte counts decreased significantly, and the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio increased in HPSCC patients following radiation. The secretion of IFN-γ from peripheral CD8+ T lymphocytes was significantly reduced after irradiation, while the secretion of TNF-α and perforin did not change significantly. Furthermore, the proliferation capacity of peripheral CD8⁺ T lymphocytes was decreased following RT.

Conclusions: RT significantly decreased the number of peripheral T lymphocytes and impaired the secretory function and proliferation ability of CD8⁺ T lymphocytes in HPSCC patients. These findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of RT on HPSCC and have implications for optimizing treatment strategies.

Objective: Advancements in early detection of the disease, prognosis and the development of therapeutic strategies necessitate tumor-specific biomarkers. Despite continuous efforts, no molecular marker has been proven to be an effective therapeutic tool for the early detection of cancer. The study aims to determine diagnostic and prognostic signature genes that may be involved in cancer pathology and hence, may serve as molecular markers.

Study design: Eight candidate genes were selected based on our prior study of transcriptomic sequencing and validated in 100 matched pair samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We further utilized machine learning approaches and examined the diagnostic presentation and predictive ability of the OSCC genes retrieved from publicly available The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and compared with our results.

Results: We conducted qPCR analysis to validate the expression of each gene and observed that each gene was present in the majority of OSCC samples. The predictive ability of selected genes was stable (with an average accuracy of 84%) across different classifiers. However, on validation with our dataset, it showed 75% accuracy, which might be because of the demographic variation of the samples.

Conclusions: The present research outlines cancer-associated molecular biomarkers that might eventually contribute to an enhanced prognosis of cancer patient by identifying novel therapeutic targets.