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{"title":"Electrochemical synthesis of NaClO solutions on Ti/Pt electrodes in current reverse mode","authors":"Dmitry Girenko, Bohdan Murashevych, Pavlo Demchenko, Alexander Velichenko","doi":"10.1002/jctb.7741","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe synthesis of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) by classical electrolysis of NaCl solutions on a Ti/Pt anode is characterized by parallel formation of undesirable sodium chlorate (NaClO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) impurities. Oxidation of hypochlorite to chlorate with high current efficiency (CE) is realized on the oxidized, passivated Pt surface. On a Pt surface reduced by cathodic polarization, NaClO synthesis can be realized with the CE close to 90% almost without chlorate accumulation. Long‐term electrolysis leads to passivation of the Pt surface.RESULTSElectrolysis while periodically changing the polarity of the electrodes (current reverse mode) increases the time the Pt surface remains in the activated state. Carrying out electrolysis in this way makes it possible to increase CE(NaClO) 1.5–2.0‐fold while simultaneously reducing CE(NaClO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) (sodium chlorate) by ≤10‐fold. This study additionally determined the optimal parameters of reverse electrolysis, examined the effect of changing polarity on the state of the Ti/Pt electrode surface and studied the kinetic patterns of active platinum coating dissolution.CONCLUSIONThe optimal conditions for electrolysis in current reverse mode are current densities of 5–10 mA cm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> with the period of polarity change close to 30 s. The result of such a process is an isotonic solution containing 500 mg L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> NaClO with an admixture of <10 mg L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> NaClO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> and 0.1 mg L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> Pt in the form of soluble chloride complexes. The rate of Pt accumulation is determined by the frequency of polarity change. The resulting solutions have sufficiently high purity for use in medicine and aerosol air disinfection. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.7741","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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以电流反向模式在 Ti/Pt 电极上电化学合成 NaClO 溶液
背景通过在钛/铂阳极上对 NaCl 溶液进行经典电解来合成次氯酸钠(NaClO),其特点是会同时形成不受欢迎的氯酸钠(NaClO3)杂质。在氧化钝化的铂表面上,次氯酸盐氧化成氯酸盐的电流效率(CE)很高。在通过阴极极化还原的铂表面上,可以实现 NaClO 合成,CE 接近 90%,几乎没有氯酸盐积累。长期电解会导致铂表面钝化。结果在定期改变电极极性(电流反向模式)的同时进行电解,会延长铂表面保持活化状态的时间。通过这种方式进行电解,CE(NaClO)可提高 1.5-2.0 倍,同时 CE(NaClO3)(氯酸钠)可降低≤10 倍。本研究还确定了反向电解的最佳参数,考察了极性变化对 Ti/Pt 电极表面状态的影响,并研究了活性铂镀层溶解的动力学规律。结论 电流反向模式电解的最佳条件是电流密度为 5-10 mA cm-2,极性变化周期接近 30 秒。该过程的结果是含有 500 mg L-1 NaClO 的等渗溶液,其中混有 10 mg L-1 NaClO3 和 0.1 mg L-1 Pt(以可溶性氯化物络合物的形式存在)。铂的积累速度取决于极性变化的频率。所得到的溶液具有足够高的纯度,可用于医药和气溶胶空气消毒。© 2024 化学工业协会(SCI)。
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