Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology最新文献

Enhanced diclofenac adsorption and degradation using iron‐loaded modified spent bleaching earth carbon in the presence of clofibric acid: mechanistic insights and toxicity assessment 在氯仿酸存在下使用铁负载改性漂白土碳增强双氯芬酸的吸附和降解：机理认识和毒性评估

IF 3.4 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7723

Liwen Zhang, Xue Song, Jie Zhang, Yue Chen, Yongde Liu, Jihong Zhao, Fanbao Deng, Guihua Yan

BACKGROUNDThe presence of pharmaceutical active substances such as diclofenac (DCF) and clofibric acid (CA) in aquatic environments poses significant ecological threats. Existing treatments have not fully explored the impact of CA on DCF removal efficiency. This research introduces nZVI/CTAB‐SBE@C, a novel adsorbent developed from industrial spent bleaching earth (SBE), modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and nano zero‐valent iron (nZVI), enhancing both adsorption and degradation of DCF and CA.RESULTSThis study investigated the impact of CA on the removal capabilities of nZVI/CTAB‐SBE@C for DCF in a coexisting system. Systematic examinations were conducted on the effects of various parameters, including reaction time, dosage, temperature, actual wastewater, humic acid content and coexisting ions. Results indicated that the presence of CA significantly enhanced the DCF removal efficiency, achieving an optimal rate of 87.3% under conditions of reaction time 2 h, adsorbent dosage 5 g L−1 and temperature 25 °C. Moreover, interactions between Al3+ ions and the adsorbent matrix notably improved removal efficiencies for both DCF and CA. Analysis revealed that CA facilitated new degradation pathways for DCF, including hydroxylation and decarboxylation reactions. Additionally, the presence of CA reduced the toxicity of degradation intermediates, enhancing environmental safety compared to systems containing only DCF.CONCLUSIONThis study effectively transforms industrial waste into the efficient nZVI/CTAB‐SBE@C adsorbent. The presence of CA not only boosts DCF removal efficiency but also promotes its safer degradation, thereby reducing the ecological impact of contaminants. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

背景水生环境中存在双氯芬酸（DCF）和氯非布酸（CA）等药物活性物质，对生态环境构成了严重威胁。现有的处理方法尚未充分探讨 CA 对 DCF 去除效率的影响。本研究介绍了一种新型吸附剂 nZVI/CTAB-SBE@C，该吸附剂由工业废漂白土 (SBE) 制成，经十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (CTAB) 和纳米零价铁 (nZVI) 改性，可增强对 DCF 和 CA 的吸附和降解能力。系统考察了各种参数的影响，包括反应时间、剂量、温度、实际废水、腐植酸含量和共存离子。结果表明，在反应时间为 2 h、吸附剂用量为 5 g L-1 和温度为 25 °C 的条件下，CA 的存在能显著提高 DCF 的去除率，最佳去除率为 87.3%。此外，Al3+ 离子与吸附剂基质之间的相互作用显著提高了对 DCF 和 CA 的去除率。分析表明，CA 促进了 DCF 的新降解途径，包括羟化和脱羧反应。此外，与仅含 DCF 的系统相比，CA 的存在降低了降解中间产物的毒性，提高了环境安全性。CA 的存在不仅提高了 DCF 的去除效率，还促进了其更安全的降解，从而降低了污染物对生态环境的影响。© 2024 化学工业学会（SCI）。

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引用次数: 0

Bidirectional extracellular electron transfers in Serratia marcescens and Stenotrophomonas sp. correlate to EPS and Cr(VI) removal in single‐chamber bioelectrochemical systems 在单室生物电化学系统中，肉质沙雷氏菌和臭腺单胞菌的双向胞外电子转移与 EPS 和六价铬的去除相关联

IF 3.4 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7724

Yiying Yan, Qiang Wang, Liping Huang, Xin Xing, Yong Shi, Miao Wang, Gianluca Li Puma

BACKGROUNDElectrochemically active bacteria (EAB) capable of bidirectional extracellular electron transfer (EET), either outward or inward EET, largely control the efficiency of interactions and electrical communication between biofilm and electrode and, thus, control the performance of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) for heavy metals removal. However, the behavior of such metallurgical EAB capable of bidirectional EET has yet to be investigated, and the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in these switchable EAB with bidirectional EET and in the presence of heavy metals remains unexplored in the single‐chamber BESs treating heavy metal‐based wastewaters that are limited by carbon/electron sources or electron acceptors.RESULTSThe biofilms of the Cr(VI)‐tolerant EAB Stenotrophomonas sp. YS1 and Serratia marcescens Q1 exhibited bidirectional EET metabolizing either organic (acetate) or inorganic (HCO3−) species with simultaneous removal of Cr(VI) in single‐chamber BESs. Q1 inward EET uptake of electrons was more efficient than that of YS1 (165 μA vs. 118 μA); meanwhile, YS1 outward EET was more efficient than Q1 (8.0 μA vs. 4.7–5.2 μA). The adaptive electrochemically‐tunable EPS in both biofilm strains was regulated by the direction of the EET (inward or outward) in the presence of Cr(VI) and circuital current.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates the switching properties of EAB, such as Stenotrophomonas sp. or S. marcescens, that are capable of bidirectional EET to or from the electrodes, and it displays the regulation of such responses with the amount and compositional diversity of the biofilms’ EPS, giving a comprehensive appreciation of tunable EPS for Cr(VI)‐wastewater treatment in single‐chamber BESs. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

背景具有双向胞外电子转移（EET）能力的电化学活性细菌（EAB），无论是向外还是向内的 EET，在很大程度上控制着生物膜与电极之间的相互作用和电交流的效率，从而控制着生物电化学系统（BES）去除重金属的性能。然而，对于处理重金属废水的单室生物电化学系统（BES）来说，由于受到碳/电子源或电子受体的限制，细胞外高分子物质（EPS）在这些具有双向 EET 的可切换 EAB 中以及在重金属存在的情况下的作用仍有待研究。结果耐六价铬的 EAB Stenotrophomonas sp. YS1 和 Serratia marcescens Q1 的生物膜表现出双向 EET 代谢，在单室 BES 中代谢有机物（醋酸盐）或无机物（HCO3-），同时去除六价铬。Q1 向内 EET 吸收电子的效率高于 YS1（165 μA 对 118 μA）；同时，YS1 向外 EET 的效率也高于 Q1（8.0 μA 对 4.7-5.2 μA）。在 Cr(VI) 和环流存在的情况下，这两种生物膜菌株中的自适应电化学可调 EPS 受 EET 方向（内向或外向）的调节。marcescens 等 EAB 能够与电极进行双向 EET，并显示了生物膜 EPS 的数量和组成多样性对这种反应的调节作用，从而全面了解了单室 BES 中用于处理六价铬废水的可调 EPS。© 2024 化学工业学会（SCI）。

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引用次数: 0

Leveraging the dynamics of microalgal CO2 capture to estimate the maximum inherent photosynthetic potential 利用微藻捕获二氧化碳的动态来估算固有光合作用的最大潜力

IF 3.4 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7720

Satyanarayana Reddy Battula, Ramkrishna Sen

BACKGROUNDNatural photosynthesis, utilizing intelligent molecular machinery to harness sunlight, stands as the benchmark for efficient energy generation. Despite its high quantum efficiency compared to synthetic methods, challenges persist due to dynamic nutritional and light requirements in plant, microalgae, and cyanobacteria‐driven processes. Reported microalgae CO2 uptake rates rely on biomass dry cell weight measurement after certain incubation period and systematic study of required CO2 concentrations for optimal photobioreactor operation remaining unexplored. This research is thus aimed at evaluating the critical dissolved CO2 (Ccrit ∙ CO2) concentration and specific CO2 uptake rates (SCUR) of Chlorella minutissima (CM) culture in the presence of surplus light and other nutrients by online monitoring and measuring the dynamic CO2 uptake rates which will help in maintaining the optimal rate of CO2 delivery for continuous cultivation of microalgae while minimizing the escape of CO2.RESULTSDissolved Ccrit ∙ CO2 was determined to be in the range of 16–20 mg/L, and the maximum SCUR in BBM (Bold Basal Medium) was found to be 0.73 mg CO2 (mg dcw ∙ h)−1. Interestingly, this SCUR value is nearly three times greater than that of the most efficient in vitro artificial photosynthetic novel pathway reported so far.CONCLUSIONFrom the calculated SCUR values, it may be noted that 9.6 g of biomass can be obtained from 1 g of microalgal inoculum in a day, thereby setting a benchmark for the scientists working in the areas of bioprocess engineering, synthetic biology, and metabolic engineering to comply. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

背景自然光合作用利用智能分子机械来利用阳光，是高效能源生产的基准。尽管与合成方法相比，自然光合作用具有较高的量子效率，但由于植物、微藻和蓝藻驱动过程对营养和光照的动态需求，自然光合作用仍然面临挑战。已报道的微藻二氧化碳吸收率依赖于一定培养期后的生物量干细胞重量测量，而对光生物反应器最佳运行所需的二氧化碳浓度的系统研究仍未进行。因此，本研究旨在通过在线监测和测量动态二氧化碳吸收率，评估在光照和其他营养物质过剩的情况下，小球藻（CM）培养的临界溶解二氧化碳（Ccrit ∙ CO2）浓度和特定二氧化碳吸收率（SCUR），这将有助于保持最佳的二氧化碳输送率，以便连续培养微藻类，同时最大限度地减少二氧化碳逃逸。结果经测定，Ccrit ∙ CO2 的溶解度为 16-20 mg/L，BBM（粗体基础培养基）中的最大 SCUR 值为 0.73 mg CO2（mg dcw ∙ h）-1。结论从计算出的 SCUR 值可以看出，1 克微藻接种物一天可获得 9.6 克生物质，从而为生物工艺工程、合成生物学和代谢工程领域的科学家树立了一个标杆。© 2024 化学工业学会（SCI）。

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引用次数: 0

Removal of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis from synthetic wastewater using thermally treated palygorskite as a bacterial adsorbent in fixed bed reactors 在固定床反应器中使用经热处理的堇青石作为细菌吸附剂去除合成废水中的大肠杆菌和粪肠球菌

IF 3.4 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7722

Aristodimos Mavrikos, Athanasia.G Tekerlekopoulou, Danae Venieri, Christina.V Lazaratou, Dimitris Vayenas, Dimitris Papoulis

BACKGROUNDIn pursuit of innovative wastewater treatment solutions, this study investigates the use of thermally treated palygorskite (TP) as an adsorbent to remove Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis from synthetic wastewater. The goal is to explore a natural alternative to chlorine‐based disinfectants by utilizing TP's antimicrobial properties. Columns were packed with two granulometries (G1: 0.25–0.6 mm; G2: 1.40–2.36 mm) of TP and arranged in three different configurations (CA1, CA2 and CA3) to assess their bacterial removal efficiency, kinetic behavior and potential for reuse after dry heat sterilization.RESULTSThe CA3 column configuration, with its multilayer arrangement of TP, achieved the highest bacterial removal efficiency, reaching 99.1% for E. coli and 98.1% for E. faecalis. Kinetic experiments revealed that most bacterial adsorption occurred within the first 3 min, with E. coli requiring up to 10 min to reach maximum removal. TP's antibacterial effectiveness remained above 90% after two reuses. Additionally, dry heat sterilization allowed for repeated use of TP, showing stable removal efficiencies for E. faecalis and a slight decline for E. coli with each successive reuse.CONCLUSIONSTP demonstrates significant potential as an adsorbent for wastewater disinfection, particularly in the CA3 multilayer configuration. Its rapid adsorption kinetics and resilience to heat sterilization underscore its reusability, making it a viable natural alternative to chemical disinfectants. Further research should focus on scaling this method to real wastewater treatment applications to validate its functionality in real‐world conditions. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

背景为了寻求创新的废水处理解决方案，本研究调查了使用热处理过的堇青石（TP）作为吸附剂去除合成废水中的大肠杆菌和粪肠球菌的情况。目的是利用 TP 的抗菌特性，探索氯基消毒剂的天然替代品。用两种粒度（G1：0.25-0.6 毫米；G2：1.40-2.36 毫米）的热塑性硫化弹性体填满色谱柱，并按三种不同配置（CA1、CA2 和 CA3）排列，以评估其细菌去除效率、动力学行为和干热灭菌后的再利用潜力。结果CA3 色谱柱配置的热塑性硫化弹性体多层排列，细菌去除效率最高，对大肠杆菌的去除率达到 99.1%，对粪肠球菌的去除率达到 98.1%。动力学实验表明，大多数细菌的吸附发生在最初的 3 分钟内，而大肠杆菌则需要 10 分钟才能达到最大去除率。TP 的抗菌效果在重复使用两次后仍保持在 90% 以上。此外，干热灭菌允许重复使用 TP，每次重复使用后，粪肠球菌的去除率都很稳定，而大肠杆菌的去除率则略有下降。其快速的吸附动力学和对热消毒的适应性突出了它的可重复使用性，使其成为化学消毒剂的一种可行的天然替代品。进一步的研究应侧重于将这种方法推广到实际的废水处理应用中，以验证其在实际条件下的功能。© 2024 化学工业学会（SCI）。

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引用次数: 0

Formic and lactic acids from the conversion of xylose with the use of modified clinoptilolite by sonication 利用改性克林沸石超声转化木糖产生的甲酸和乳酸

IF 3.4 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7721

Natalia Sobuś, Magdalena Król

BACKGROUNDA material of natural origin, clinoptilolite, was modified with selected metals in order to obtain a catalyst for the conversion of xylose – the main component of the hemicellulose fraction present in lignocellulosic biomass – to selected carboxylic acids.RESULTSThe starting material without modification (0‐parent), the hydrogen form (0‐hydrogen) of zeolite and zeolite after hierarchization with hydrochloric acid (0‐dealuminated) were used. Iron, copper and cobalt ions were introduced as active centers using the sonication technique. The catalytic process was carried out in a pressure autoclave for 2 h at a temperature of 220 °C. Compounds such as formic acid with a yield of 91% (0‐parent) and lactic acid with a yield of 66.1% (Fe‐hydrogen) were obtained.ConclusionThe catalytic processes carried out using xylose lead to the obtaining of a mixture of carboxylic acids: lactic acid, pyruvic acid and formic acid. An important role here is played by the presence of iron as an active site, which leads to the transformation of xylose into lactic acid by dehydration, and the presence of Lewis and Brønsted active sites. In the case of formic acid, which has never been reported in publications on a similar topic, the starting zeolite without modification contributed to its preparation. It is possible that the content of alkali metals contributed to its preparation along with the coupling of the oxidation reaction of the intermediate product, because of the presence of small amounts of iron, which are present in the natural material. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

结果使用了未经改性的起始材料（0-母体）、沸石的氢形态（0-氢）以及用盐酸分级后的沸石（0-脱铝）。利用超声技术引入铁、铜和钴离子作为活性中心。催化过程在压力釜中进行，时间为 2 小时，温度为 220 ℃。结论使用木糖进行的催化过程产生了羧酸混合物：乳酸、丙酮酸和甲酸。铁作为活性位点的存在发挥了重要作用，它通过脱水作用将木糖转化为乳酸，同时还存在路易斯和布伦司特活性位点。至于甲酸，在类似主题的出版物中从未有过报道，而起始沸石未经改性就有助于制备甲酸。由于天然材料中含有少量铁，因此碱金属的含量可能与中间产物氧化反应的耦合一起促进了甲酸的制备。© 2024 化学工业学会（SCI）。

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引用次数: 0

Prediction models to control final control elements for neutralization process in chemical industries 控制化学工业中和过程最终控制要素的预测模型

IF 3.4 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7704

Y Dharshan, D Devasena, K Srinivasan

BACKGROUNDIndustrialization continues to increase in the 21st century, as industries start moving towards automation. Manufacturing of a component/item requires a lot of resources and energy. Usage of water in industries has increased in recent years, as it is used as both a resource and an energy generating source. Neutralization of a processed liquid is carried out by addition of solution through final control elements and most industries are utilizing pneumatic‐based control valves, which have a disadvantage in the regulation of additives.RESULTSA motorized valve system is introduced, which is compared with the pneumatic system in terms of their performance. The proposed system is implemented with different controllers such as proportional–integral controller tuned using linear matrix inequalities, modified internal model controller, model predictive controller and nonlinear autoregressive (NAR) model, where the final control elements are tested for pH neutralization. On implementation of the proposed system the NAR model has proven to be better under the motorized control valve system for the neutralization process, with a peak value of 7.08 (pH), settling time of 75.16 s, rise time of 5.96 s, maximum overshoot of 10.1%, slew rate of 0.21 per second, integral square error of 0.95, integral absolute error of 0.48 and integral time absolute error of 1.88.CONCLUSIONBased on the results obtained it is observed that the NAR controller utilized with motorized control valve has better functionality in neutralizing a solution. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

背景21 世纪，随着工业开始向自动化方向发展，工业化程度不断提高。部件/物品的生产需要大量的资源和能源。近年来，水在工业中的使用量不断增加，因为它既是一种资源，也是一种能源。加工液体的中和是通过最终控制元件添加溶液来实现的，而大多数工业都在使用基于气动的控制阀，这种控制阀在调节添加剂方面存在劣势。提议的系统采用了不同的控制器，如使用线性矩阵不等式调整的比例积分控制器、改进的内部模型控制器、模型预测控制器和非线性自回归模型（NAR），并对最终的控制元件进行了 pH 中和测试。实践证明，在中和过程中，NAR 模型在电动控制阀系统下的效果更好，其峰值为 7.08（pH 值），稳定时间为 75.16 秒，上升时间为 5.96 秒，最大过冲为 10.1%，回转速率为 0.结论根据所获得的结果可以看出，与电动控制阀配合使用的 NAR 控制器在中和溶液方面具有更好的功能。© 2024 化学工业学会（SCI）。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding the conversion of nitrogen compounds during ammonia electrooxidation: effect of current density, chloride concentration and pH on nitrate formation 了解氨电解氧化过程中氮化合物的转化：电流密度、氯化物浓度和 pH 值对硝酸盐形成的影响

IF 3.4 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7715

Neanderson Galvão, Achilles Junqueira Bourdot Dutra, João Paulo Bassin

BACKGROUNDAmmonia removal from wastewater by electrooxidation (EO) is an interesting approach because of its efficiency and easy maintenance and operation. In this process, ammonia is oxidized to nitrate or nitrogen gas. Ammonia conversion to the latter is desirable to remove nitrogen from the liquid; however, the influence of several operating parameters on nitrate generation has not been systematically evaluated. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate the effect of current density (200–800 A m−2), chloride concentration (0–10 000 mg L) and initial pH (5–9) on the electrooxidation of an ammonia‐containing solution and the associated generation of nitrate. For this purpose, a laboratory‐scale electrochemical reactor containing two Ti/RuO2 electrodes was used.RESULTSThe results indicated high ammonia removal efficiency – 98% within 150 min at 800 A m−2 and 97% within 240 min at 500 A m−2 – generating around 70 and 102 mg ‐N L−1 under these conditions, respectively. Increasing the chloride concentration from 5000 to 7500 mg L−1 reduces the electrolysis time needed to remove all ammonia from 180 to 150 min. However, with increasing initial chloride concentration, the amount of nitrate generated rose from 69.5 to 135.9 mg N L−1. On the other hand, in the test without chloride, nitrate generation was considerably lower (0–0.61 mg L−1).CONCLUSIONThe higher the current density applied, the greater the ammonia removal by EO. Although current density influenced the ammonia oxidation rates, it did not directly affect nitrate formation. The lower the concentration of ammonia in the solution, the more significant was the fraction of nitrate generated. Most of the inlet ammonia was oxidized to nitrogen gas, nitrite was rapidly oxidized to nitrate and higher chloride concentrations enhanced ammonia oxidation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

背景通过电氧化法（EO）去除废水中的氨气是一种有趣的方法，因为它效率高、易于维护和操作。在该工艺中，氨被氧化成硝酸盐或氮气。将氨转化为后者是去除液体中氮气的理想方法；然而，若干操作参数对硝酸盐生成的影响尚未得到系统评估。因此，这项工作旨在研究电流密度（200-800 A m-2）、氯化物浓度（0-10 000 mg L）和初始 pH 值（5-9）对含氨溶液电氧化及硝酸盐生成的影响。结果表明氨的去除率很高，在 800 A m-2 条件下 150 分钟内达到 98%，在 500 A m-2 条件下 240 分钟内达到 97%，在这些条件下分别产生约 70 和 102 mg -N L-1。将氯浓度从 5000 毫克/升提高到 7500 毫克/升，可将去除所有氨所需的电解时间从 180 分钟缩短到 150 分钟。然而，随着初始氯化物浓度的增加，产生的硝酸盐量从 69.5 毫克 N L-1 增加到 135.9 毫克 N L-1。另一方面，在不含氯化物的试验中，硝酸盐的生成量要低得多（0-0.61 毫克/升）。虽然电流密度会影响氨氧化率，但不会直接影响硝酸盐的生成。溶液中的氨浓度越低，硝酸盐的生成量就越大。大部分入口氨被氧化成氮气，亚硝酸盐被迅速氧化成硝酸盐，氯化物浓度越高，氨的氧化作用越强。© 2024 化学工业学会（SCI）。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization of crude glycerol purification from grease trap waste biodiesel production: exploring the synergistic effect of mixed extraction alcohols on enhanced glycerol purity 从隔油池废弃物生物柴油生产中优化粗甘油提纯：探索混合提取醇对提高甘油纯度的协同效应

IF 3.4 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7718

Akram Ali Nasser Mansoor Al‐Haimi, Wen Luo, Junying Fu, Shunni Zhu, Fatma Yehia, Zhongming Wang

BACKGROUNDThe purification of crude glycerol, a byproduct of biodiesel production and grease trap waste, is essential for its utilization in high‐value applications. Achieving exceptionally pure glycerol without relying on energy‐intensive vacuum distillation during transesterification is of substantial economic interest.RESULTSThis investigation focuses on crafting a purification process involving chemical treatment (neutralization), adsorption and extraction. The assessment of the neutralization process using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) revealed their comparative efficacy. Activated carbon adsorption was used to reduce coloration in crude glycerol, with weights set at 4 and 8 wt%. Efficient salt extraction from crude glycerol was explored using solvents such as methanol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol in varying mass ratios to crude glycerol (1:1 and 2:1). The study also examined the synergistic effects and impact of mixing alcohol solvents. Optimal conditions for achieving high purity (92.44%) were identified as the combination of KOH, 8 wt% activated carbon and a 2:1 ratio of a mixture of the three alcohols.CONCLUSIONThe combined effects of employing a mixture of alcohols significantly enhance the extraction process, resulting in the efficient and successful purification of glycerol. These outcomes offer valuable insights into improving the extraction process in industrial settings, leading to the production of high‐quality glycerol products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

背景生物柴油生产过程中产生的副产品粗甘油和隔油池废物对其在高价值应用领域的利用至关重要。在酯交换过程中，无需依赖高能耗的真空蒸馏即可获得纯度极高的甘油，这具有重大的经济意义。使用氢氧化钠（NaOH）和氢氧化钾（KOH）对中和过程进行的评估显示了它们的功效。活性炭吸附用于减少粗甘油中的色素沉淀，吸附重量设定为 4 和 8 wt%。研究使用甲醇、乙醇和异丙醇等溶剂，以不同的质量比（1:1 和 2:1）从粗甘油中高效提取盐分。研究还考察了混合醇类溶剂的协同效应和影响。结果表明，将 KOH、8 wt% 的活性炭和 2:1 比例的三种醇的混合物结合在一起，可获得高纯度（92.44%）的最佳条件。这些结果为改进工业环境中的萃取工艺，从而生产出高质量的甘油产品提供了宝贵的启示。© 2024 化学工业协会 (SCI)。

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引用次数: 0

Facile Design of Continuous Periodic Countercurrent, dual‐flow, and capture SMB adsorptive processes 连续周期逆流、双流和捕获 SMB 吸附工艺的简便设计

IF 3.4 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7716

Giorgio Carta

BACKGROUNDChromatographic capture is a critical step in the manufacture of protein‐based therapeutics and often dominates the overall downstream processing cost. Multicolumn systems as well as systems where the load flow rate varies over time can be employed to improve productivity and reduce the consumption of buffers and other process chemicals by enhancing utilization of the binding capacity. This work addresses the design of such systems under mass transfer control conditions using a mechanistic model.RESULTSGeneralized, dimensionless charts and interpolating functions developed based on a mechanistic model are provided to predict the operating conditions and performance attributes of periodic countercurrent, dual‐flow, and Capture SMB systems for continuous capture with adsorption columns. The underlying model is based on the Langmuir isotherm and on the assumption that mass transfer is controlling. The results cover the ranges typically encountered in the capture of biopharmaceuticals with selective adsorbent particles and can be conveniently used for practical estimations without having to resort to the numerical solution of the model equations. Illustrative examples are provided and compare favorably with previously published results.CONCLUSIONSThe results of this work provide the means to rapidly design periodic countercurrent, dual‐flow capture systems, and capture SMB units and to assess their relative advantages under varying operating conditions circumventing the need to perform computationally intensive simulations. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

背景色谱捕获是生产基于蛋白质的治疗药物的一个关键步骤，通常在整个下游加工成本中占主导地位。多柱系统以及负载流速随时间变化的系统可以通过提高结合能力的利用率来提高生产率并减少缓冲液和其他工艺化学品的消耗。结果提供了基于机械模型开发的通用无量纲图表和插值函数，用于预测使用吸附柱进行连续捕集的周期性逆流、双流和捕集 SMB 系统的操作条件和性能属性。基本模型以朗缪尔等温线为基础，并假定质量转移是控制性的。结果涵盖了使用选择性吸附剂颗粒捕获生物制药过程中通常会遇到的范围，可方便地用于实际估算，而无需求助于模型方程的数值解。结论这项工作的结果为快速设计周期性逆流、双流捕获系统和捕获 SMB 单元提供了方法，并可评估它们在不同操作条件下的相对优势，从而避免了执行计算密集型模拟的需要。作者：© 2024。化学技术与生物技术期刊》由约翰威利父子有限公司代表化学工业学会（SCI）出版。

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引用次数: 0

Microwave‐assisted synthesis of 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives utilizing NiO/Cu2O nano‐photocatalyst 利用 NiO/Cu2O 纳米光催化剂微波辅助合成 1,4-二取代的 1,2,3- 三唑衍生物

IF 3.4 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.7719

Yasser A Attia, Yasser MA Mohamed

BACKGROUNDThe main characteristic features of nickel–copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne click (Ni‐CuAAC) reactions for production of 1,2,3‐triazoles are regioselectivity and the reaction proceeding under mild conditions. The use of copper salts as catalysts often leads to challenges like contamination of the prepared triazoles. NiO/Cu2O nanocomposites (NCs) were utilized in Ni‐CuAAC reactions as heterogeneous nanocatalysts to achieve the production of some 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles in high chemical yields under microwave irradiation.RESULTSThe preparation of NiO/Cu2O NCs was performed through the coprecipitation of NiO nanoparticles on Cu2O surface. The prepared catalyst was used for catalyzing a reaction between benzoyl azides and phenylacetylene under optimized reaction conditions. The NiO/Cu2O NCs exhibited high catalytic activity compared to Cu2O nanoparticles. In addition, by utilizing ethanol–water as the solvent system under microwave irradiation, higher yields and efficient product separation were observed.CONCLUSIONThis study investigated the proficiency of NiO/Cu2O NCs as effective nanocatalysts for the selective synthesis of some 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives. Employing heterogeneous nanoparticle catalysts, such as Cu2O and NiO/Cu2O, offers several advantages over homogeneous catalytic systems. These include easier catalyst separation and recovery, potential for catalyst reuse and the ability to fine‐tune the catalytic properties by modulating the nanoparticle composition and structure. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

背景：镍-铜催化叠氮-炔烃点击反应（Ni-CuAAC）用于生产 1,2,3-三唑的主要特点是具有区域选择性，且反应在温和的条件下进行。使用铜盐作为催化剂往往会导致制备的三唑受到污染等难题。在 Ni-CuAAC 反应中，利用 NiO/Cu2O 纳米复合材料（NCs）作为异相纳米催化剂，在微波辐照下以高化学收率制备了一些 1,4-二取代的 1,2,3-三唑。制备的催化剂在优化的反应条件下用于催化苯甲酰基叠氮化物和苯乙炔的反应。与 Cu2O 纳米颗粒相比，NiO/Cu2O NCs 表现出较高的催化活性。此外，在微波辐照下，以乙醇-水为溶剂系统，观察到了更高的产率和高效的产物分离。与均相催化体系相比，使用 Cu2O 和 NiO/Cu2O 等异相纳米粒子催化剂具有多种优势。这些优势包括催化剂更容易分离和回收、催化剂重复使用的潜力以及通过调节纳米粒子的组成和结构来微调催化特性的能力。© 2024 化学工业学会（SCI）。

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