{"title":"Enhancing solar cell efficiency: lead-free double perovskite solar cells Cs2AgBiBr6 with magnesium-doped and Zn2SnO4 electron transport layer","authors":"Ihtisham-ul-haq, M. I. Khan, lamia ben farhat","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06529-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The lead-free halide double perovskite solar cell (LFHDPs) <span>\\(C{s}_{2}AgBiB{r}_{6}\\)</span> has emerged as a compelling alternative to conventional lead-based perovskites (LBPs) owing to its notable advantages in chemical stability and non-toxicity. However, due to their large indirect bandgap (E<sub>g</sub>), <span>\\(C{s}_{2}AgBiB{r}_{6}\\)</span> solar cells exhibit low efficiency (η). To address these challenges, this study explores the doping of <span>\\(C{s}_{2}AgBiB{r}_{6}\\)</span> double perovskite with Magnesium (Mg), resulting in a reduced E<sub>g</sub> and improved η. Mg doping not only mitigates recombination losses but also enhances charge carrier mobility and stability. Additionally, the incorporation of a <span>\\(Z{n}_{2}Sn{O}_{4}\\)</span> (ZTO) electron transport layer (ETL) enhances η and stability by facilitating rapid charge injection and electron diffusion. Excellent optical and electrical characteristics of the ZTO-based ETL make it suitable for improving the η of charge collection and light harvesting in solar cells. Importantly, the <span>\\(C{s}_{2}A{g}_{0.95}M{g}_{0.05}BiB{r}_{6}\\)</span> solar cell exhibits enhanced performance, significantly, the fabricated solar cells exhibit improved performance. The measured values include an open circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub>) of 0.9 V, a short circuit current density (J<sub>sc</sub>) of 5.77 mA-cm<sup>−2</sup>, a fill factor of 0.76, and a η of 3.98%. This study not only helps to overcome film formation issues but also validates stable <span>\\(C{s}_{2}A{g}_{0.95}M{g}_{0.05}BiB{r}_{6}\\)</span> as an efficient material for solar applications. Overall, our study improves solar technologies that are friendly to the environment.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"112 2","pages":"468 - 479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10971-024-06529-z","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The lead-free halide double perovskite solar cell (LFHDPs) \(C{s}_{2}AgBiB{r}_{6}\) has emerged as a compelling alternative to conventional lead-based perovskites (LBPs) owing to its notable advantages in chemical stability and non-toxicity. However, due to their large indirect bandgap (Eg), \(C{s}_{2}AgBiB{r}_{6}\) solar cells exhibit low efficiency (η). To address these challenges, this study explores the doping of \(C{s}_{2}AgBiB{r}_{6}\) double perovskite with Magnesium (Mg), resulting in a reduced Eg and improved η. Mg doping not only mitigates recombination losses but also enhances charge carrier mobility and stability. Additionally, the incorporation of a \(Z{n}_{2}Sn{O}_{4}\) (ZTO) electron transport layer (ETL) enhances η and stability by facilitating rapid charge injection and electron diffusion. Excellent optical and electrical characteristics of the ZTO-based ETL make it suitable for improving the η of charge collection and light harvesting in solar cells. Importantly, the \(C{s}_{2}A{g}_{0.95}M{g}_{0.05}BiB{r}_{6}\) solar cell exhibits enhanced performance, significantly, the fabricated solar cells exhibit improved performance. The measured values include an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.9 V, a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 5.77 mA-cm−2, a fill factor of 0.76, and a η of 3.98%. This study not only helps to overcome film formation issues but also validates stable \(C{s}_{2}A{g}_{0.95}M{g}_{0.05}BiB{r}_{6}\) as an efficient material for solar applications. Overall, our study improves solar technologies that are friendly to the environment.
期刊介绍:
The primary objective of the Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (JSST), the official journal of the International Sol-Gel Society, is to provide an international forum for the dissemination of scientific, technological, and general knowledge about materials processed by chemical nanotechnologies known as the "sol-gel" process. The materials of interest include gels, gel-derived glasses, ceramics in form of nano- and micro-powders, bulk, fibres, thin films and coatings as well as more recent materials such as hybrid organic-inorganic materials and composites. Such materials exhibit a wide range of optical, electronic, magnetic, chemical, environmental, and biomedical properties and functionalities. Methods for producing sol-gel-derived materials and the industrial uses of these materials are also of great interest.