The New Horizons Extended Mission Target: Arrokoth Search and Discovery

IF 3.8 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS The Planetary Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.3847/psj/ad676d
Marc W. Buie, John R. Spencer, Simon B. Porter, Susan D. Benecchi, Alex H. Parker, S. Alan Stern, Michael Belton, Richard P. Binzel, David Borncamp, Francesca DeMeo, S. Fabbro, Cesar Fuentes, Hisanori Furusawa, Tetsuharu Fuse, Pamela L. Gay, Stephen Gwyn, Matthew J. Holman, H. Karoji, J. J. Kavelaars, Daisuke Kinoshita, Satoshi Miyazaki, Matt Mountain, Keith S. Noll, David J. Osip, Jean-Marc Petit, Neill I. Reid, Scott S. Sheppard, Mark Showalter, Andrew J. Steffl, Ray E. Sterner, Akito Tajitsu, David J. Tholen, David E. Trilling, Harold A. Weaver, Anne J. Verbiscer, Lawrence H. Wasserman, Takuji Yamashita, Toshifumi Yanagisawa, Fumi Yoshida and Amanda M. Zangari
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Abstract

Following the Pluto flyby of the New Horizons spacecraft, the mission provided a unique opportunity to explore the Kuiper Belt in situ. The possibility existed to fly by a Kuiper Belt object (KBO), as well as to observe additional objects at distances closer than are feasible from Earth-orbit facilities. However, at the time of launch no KBOs were known about that were accessible by the spacecraft. In this paper we present the results of 10 yr of observations and three uniquely dedicated efforts—two ground-based using the Subaru Suprime Camera, the Magellan MegaCam and IMACS Cameras, and one with the Hubble Space Telescope—to find such KBOs for study. In this paper we overview the search criteria and strategies employed in our work and detail the analysis efforts to locate and track faint objects in the Galactic plane. We also present a summary of all of the KBOs that were discovered as part of our efforts and how spacecraft targetability was assessed, including a detailed description of our astrometric analysis, which included development of an extensive secondary calibration network. Overall, these efforts resulted in the discovery of 85 KBOs, including 11 that became objects for distant observation by New Horizons and (486958) Arrokoth, which became the first post-Pluto flyby destination.
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新视野号扩展任务目标:阿罗科斯搜索与发现
在新视野号航天器飞越冥王星之后,这次飞行任务为实地探索柯伊伯带提供了一个独特的机会。有可能飞越柯伊伯带天体(KBO),并观测距离比地球轨道设施更近的其他天体。但是,在发射时,还没有发现航天器可以接近的柯伊伯天体。在本文中,我们介绍了 10 年的观测结果和三项独特的专门工作--两项是使用 Subaru Suprime 相机、麦哲伦 MegaCam 相机和 IMACS 相机进行的地面观测,还有一项是使用哈勃太空望远镜进行的观测--以寻找此类 KBO 进行研究。在本文中,我们概述了我们工作中采用的搜索标准和策略,并详细介绍了在银河面上定位和跟踪暗淡天体的分析工作。我们还概述了在我们的工作中发现的所有 KBO,以及如何评估航天器的可瞄准性,包括详细描述我们的天体测量分析,其中包括开发一个广泛的二次校准网络。总之,通过这些努力发现了 85 个 KBO,其中 11 个成为新视野号的远距离观测对象,(486958) Arrokoth 成为冥王星飞越后的第一个目的地。
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来源期刊
The Planetary Science Journal
The Planetary Science Journal Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
249
审稿时长
15 weeks
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