Selective Postplanting Forb Control Increased Growth of Douglas-Fir but Not Western Larch Seedlings in Idaho

Abstract

Weeding (commonly referred to as release) is a common practice in major timber-producing regions of the United States, yet the effects have not been well examined in recently established plantations in northern Idaho. This study tested the effects of selective postplanting forb control with clopyralid herbicide applied 1 year after planting on the growth and survival of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) and western larch (Larix occidentalis) for 5 years across a site productivity gradient in northern Idaho. Forb cover was reduced in Douglas-fir plots but not western larch plots. The result was an increase in diameter, height, and stem volume of Douglas-fir seedlings 5 years after treatment at low and high productivity sites, but no effect on western larch. Survival of both species was unaffected by the treatment and remained high, likely because of the generally high productivity of all sites. Results suggest that postplanting forb control with clopyralid may be best suited to Douglas-fir plantations in the region. The early gains in size are likely to persist into the future given the divergent growth trajectories observed, potentially shortening rotations and increasing final stand volume production. Study Implications: Clopyralid is an effective tool for selectively controlling forbs after planting in recently established plantations in northern Idaho. The response was species-specific. Results showed Douglas-fir had positive gains in size 5 years after treatment, whereas western larch growth was unaffected. Results can help guide operational decisions regarding whether and in which situations clopyralid may be applied to accelerate stand growth by reducing postplanting competition.