Periodic characteristics of a finite Airy-Hermite-Hollow Gaussian beam propagating in a gradient-index medium

IF 3.3 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Optical and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI:10.1007/s11082-024-07378-4

A. A. A. Ebrahim, F. Saad, A. Belafhal

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Abstract

Based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel diffraction integral, the analytical expressions for a finite Airy-Hermite-Hollow Gaussian Beam (FAHHGB) propagating through a gradient-index medium (GRINM) are developed. The characteristics of the normalized intensity for the FAHHGB through the GRINM are theoretically and numerically investigated. The effects of gradient-index parameter β, the mode-orders (beam order \(m\) and hollow term order \(n\)), and the Gaussian waist \({\omega }_{0}\) on the propagation process of the studied beam are numerically discussed in detail. It is found that the normalized intensity distribution of FAHHGB undergo periodic changes during its propagation process in the GRINM. The periodical traits of the normalized intensity distribution of the FAHHGB in a GRINM are strongly affected by the gradient-index parameter. However, the changing of the beam parameters (\(m\) and \(n\)) play a clear role in geometrical form of the beam profile in the medium. Finally, the current study included three types of finite Airy Gaussian modes as special cases.

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在梯度指数介质中传播的有限 Airy-Hermite-Hollow 高斯光束的周期特性

基于扩展的惠更斯-菲涅尔衍射积分，建立了通过梯度指数介质（GRINM）传播的有限空气-赫米特-空心高斯光束（FAHHGB）的分析表达式。对通过 GRINM 的 FAHHGB 的归一化强度特性进行了理论和数值研究。详细讨论了梯度指数参数β、模阶（光束阶（m\ ）和空心项阶（n\ ））以及高斯腰（{\omega }_{0}\）对所研究光束传播过程的影响。研究发现，FAHHGB 的归一化强度分布在 GRINM 中的传播过程中会发生周期性变化。GRINM 中 FAHHGB 归一化强度分布的周期性特征受梯度指数参数的影响很大。然而，光束参数（（m）和（n））的变化对介质中光束剖面的几何形状起着明显的作用。最后，目前的研究将三种有限艾里高斯模式作为特例。

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来源期刊

Optical and Quantum Electronics 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

20.00%

发文量

810

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Optical and Quantum Electronics provides an international forum for the publication of original research papers, tutorial reviews and letters in such fields as optical physics, optical engineering and optoelectronics. Special issues are published on topics of current interest. Optical and Quantum Electronics is published monthly. It is concerned with the technology and physics of optical systems, components and devices, i.e., with topics such as: optical fibres; semiconductor lasers and LEDs; light detection and imaging devices; nanophotonics; photonic integration and optoelectronic integrated circuits; silicon photonics; displays; optical communications from devices to systems; materials for photonics (e.g. semiconductors, glasses, graphene); the physics and simulation of optical devices and systems; nanotechnologies in photonics (including engineered nano-structures such as photonic crystals, sub-wavelength photonic structures, metamaterials, and plasmonics); advanced quantum and optoelectronic applications (e.g. quantum computing, memory and communications, quantum sensing and quantum dots); photonic sensors and bio-sensors; Terahertz phenomena; non-linear optics and ultrafast phenomena; green photonics.