Two-photon dynamics in non-Markovian waveguide QED with a giant atom

Abstract

We investigate one- and two-photon scattering in a one-dimensional waveguide coupled to a giant atom within the non-Markovian regime using the resolvent approach. The non-Markovian behavior gives rise to an atom-photon bound state that cannot be excited by a single incident photon. However, the bound state can be excited via the two-photon scattering process described by multichannel scattering theory, from which an analytical trapping probability of a photon in the bound state can be achieved. Additionally, we analyze the two-photon scattering process, obtaining the analytical expressions for scattered states. As non-Markovian effects strengthen, two peaks appear in the incoherent power spectrum, attributed to the system behaving as a leaky cavity formed by the giant atom's coupling points. Through the analysis of second-order correlation functions, we observe the bunching behavior for transmitted photons, antibunching behavior for reflected photons, and the distinctive retrieval behavior at the coupling points' separation.