Seasonal changes in the diurnal behavior of Chimarrogale platycephalus evaluated using environmental DNA

IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 LIMNOLOGY Limnology Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI:10.1007/s10201-024-00760-x
Nao Shiozuka, Izumi Katano, Hideyuki Doi, Masatoshi Nakamura, Tomoyasu Shirako, Shun Nagayama, Hidetaka Ichiyanagi
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Abstract

The environmental DNA (eDNA) method is potentially useful to detect the diurnal activity of aquatic organisms. Seasonal changes in the diurnal activities of the endangered semiaquatic water shrew, Chimarrogale platycephalus, were investigated to evaluate the efficiency of the eDNA method in their tracking. We conducted hourly field surveys for a period of 25 consecutive hours in two streams quarterly, using a species-specific primer and camera trap observations. Using qPCR, we compared the frequency and concentration of eDNA detected between day and night, seasons, and streams. In both streams, eDNA was detected consistently with temporal fluctuations during all seasons for nighttime. However, during daytime, eDNA was detected in all seasons except autumn, in which it was detected only in one stream. This suggests that species activity occurs throughout both daytime and nighttime in winter, spring, and summer, and potentially less during the daytime in autumn, probably due to the lack of competition and energy constraints during that season, as most individuals were non-breeding in autumn and avoided the habitation of areas with high density after the dispersal of their offspring. The high eDNA concentration in summer may be attributable to the higher density of non-breeding individuals after the offspring left the nest and/or to the increased activity owing to the competition for food or space. The diurnal activities of species detected using eDNA sampling allow us to obtain detailed ecological information, which is beneficial for managing conservation in the future.

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利用环境 DNA 评估鸭嘴兽昼行性的季节变化
环境DNA(eDNA)方法可用于检测水生生物的昼夜活动。我们研究了濒危半水栖水鼩(Chimarrogale platycephalus)昼夜活动的季节性变化,以评估 eDNA 方法在追踪它们方面的效率。我们使用物种特异性引物和照相机陷阱观测,每季度在两条溪流中进行连续 25 小时的每小时实地调查。通过 qPCR,我们比较了昼夜、季节和溪流之间检测到的 eDNA 频率和浓度。在这两条溪流中,所有季节的夜间都能检测到 eDNA,但有时间波动。然而,在白天,除秋季外,所有季节都能检测到 eDNA,其中只有一条溪流在秋季检测到 eDNA。这表明,冬、春、夏三个季节的白天和夜间都有物种活动,而秋季白天的物种活动可能较少,这可能是由于秋季缺乏竞争和能量限制,因为大多数个体在秋季都没有繁殖,并且在其后代分散后避免在高密度区域栖息。夏季的 eDNA 浓度较高,可能是由于后代离巢后非繁殖个体的密度较高,以及/或由于对食物或空间的竞争导致活动增加。利用eDNA取样检测物种的昼夜活动,可以获得详细的生态信息,有利于今后的保护管理。
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来源期刊
Limnology
Limnology 地学-湖沼学
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
6.20%
发文量
15
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Limnology is a scientific journal published three times a year, in January, April, and August, by Springer in association with the Japanese Society of Limnology. The editors welcome original scientific contributions on physical, chemical, biological, or related research, including environmental issues, on any aspect of basic, theoretical, or applied limnology that present significant findings for the community of scholars. The journal publishes Rapid communications, Research papers, Review articles, Asia/Oceania reports, and Comments. The aims and scope of Limnology are to publish scientific and/or technical papers in limnological sciences, to serve as a platform for information dissemination among scientists and practitioners, to enhance international links, and to contribute to the development of limnology.
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