{"title":"Differentiation and Taxonomic Identification of Roburoid Oaks in the Caucasian and Crimean Regions Using Nuclear Microsatellite Markers","authors":"S. A. Semerikova, Kh. U. Aliev, V. L. Semerikov","doi":"10.1134/s1022795424700492","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The inter- and intra-specific structure of genetic variability was studied using 18 microsatellite loci (nSSRs) in closely related roburoid white oaks in the Crimean-Caucasian region. The seven most widespread <i>Quercus</i> taxa in the region were studied in 29 morphologically pure populations from different parts of the North Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Crimea and northeastern Europe. Most taxa were studied using nSSR markers for the first time. Among the 492 trees studied, Bayesian clustering method implemented in STRUCTURE identified clusters corresponding to the pedunculate oak <i>Quercus robur</i>, the Hartwiss oak <i>Q. hartwissiana</i>, the Caucasian oak <i>Q. macranthera</i>, the downy oak <i>Q. pubescens</i> and three subspecies of sessile oak: <i>Q</i>. <i>petraea</i> ssp. <i>petraea</i>, <i>Q. petraea</i> ssp<i>. iberica</i>, <i>Q. petraea</i> ssp. <i>medwediewii</i>. Geographic structure was identified within <i>Q. robur</i>, <i>Q. pubescens</i> and <i>Q. p</i>. ssp. <i>petraea</i>. The 18 nSSR loci used are efficient in the taxonomic assignment of individuals, and identifying hybrids. The close relationship between the “long-peduncle” roburoid oaks (<i>Q. robur</i> and <i>Q. hartwissiana</i>) is shown, with a greater difference from other species. For one of the subspecies of sessile oak, widespread in the North Caucasus and Crimea <i>Q. petraea</i> ssp. <i>medwediewii</i> (syn. <i>Q. calcarea</i>), or limestone oak, significant differences from other taxa were found, reaching the inter-species level. The assumption of a possible hybrid origin of this taxon as a result of hybridization of <i>Q. petraea</i> and <i>Q. pubescens</i> is not confirmed by genetic analysis. The other two subspecies of <i>Q. petraea</i> (<i>Q. p.</i> ssp. <i>petraea</i> and Georgian durmast oak <i>Q. p.</i> ssp. <i>iberica</i>) are differentiated to a lesser extent and are related to each other, which confirms the legitimacy of distinguishing two geographically isolated taxa at the rank of subspecies. The highest variability was observed in <i>Q. pubescens</i> (<i>H</i><sub>e</sub> = 0.777). In <i>Q. p.</i> ssp. <i>medwediewii</i> variability was lower than in other widespread taxa (<i>H</i><sub>e</sub> = 0.652), and was approximately at the level of variability of <i>Q. hartwissiana</i> (<i>H</i><sub>e</sub> = 0.633) and <i>Q. macranthera</i> (<i>H</i><sub>e</sub> = 0.659). Clear differentiation of taxa by nuclear markers shows the limited introgression in closely related oak species in the Caucasus and Crimea. The identified genetic clusters can be used as reference groups for further population genetic studies of oaks in the Crimean-Caucasian region.</p>","PeriodicalId":21441,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Genetics","volume":"6 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Russian Journal of Genetics","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1022795424700492","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"GENETICS & HEREDITY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The inter- and intra-specific structure of genetic variability was studied using 18 microsatellite loci (nSSRs) in closely related roburoid white oaks in the Crimean-Caucasian region. The seven most widespread Quercus taxa in the region were studied in 29 morphologically pure populations from different parts of the North Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Crimea and northeastern Europe. Most taxa were studied using nSSR markers for the first time. Among the 492 trees studied, Bayesian clustering method implemented in STRUCTURE identified clusters corresponding to the pedunculate oak Quercus robur, the Hartwiss oak Q. hartwissiana, the Caucasian oak Q. macranthera, the downy oak Q. pubescens and three subspecies of sessile oak: Q. petraea ssp. petraea, Q. petraea ssp. iberica, Q. petraea ssp. medwediewii. Geographic structure was identified within Q. robur, Q. pubescens and Q. p. ssp. petraea. The 18 nSSR loci used are efficient in the taxonomic assignment of individuals, and identifying hybrids. The close relationship between the “long-peduncle” roburoid oaks (Q. robur and Q. hartwissiana) is shown, with a greater difference from other species. For one of the subspecies of sessile oak, widespread in the North Caucasus and Crimea Q. petraea ssp. medwediewii (syn. Q. calcarea), or limestone oak, significant differences from other taxa were found, reaching the inter-species level. The assumption of a possible hybrid origin of this taxon as a result of hybridization of Q. petraea and Q. pubescens is not confirmed by genetic analysis. The other two subspecies of Q. petraea (Q. p. ssp. petraea and Georgian durmast oak Q. p. ssp. iberica) are differentiated to a lesser extent and are related to each other, which confirms the legitimacy of distinguishing two geographically isolated taxa at the rank of subspecies. The highest variability was observed in Q. pubescens (He = 0.777). In Q. p. ssp. medwediewii variability was lower than in other widespread taxa (He = 0.652), and was approximately at the level of variability of Q. hartwissiana (He = 0.633) and Q. macranthera (He = 0.659). Clear differentiation of taxa by nuclear markers shows the limited introgression in closely related oak species in the Caucasus and Crimea. The identified genetic clusters can be used as reference groups for further population genetic studies of oaks in the Crimean-Caucasian region.
期刊介绍：
Russian Journal of Genetics is a journal intended to make significant contribution to the development of genetics. The journal publishes reviews and experimental papers in the areas of theoretical and applied genetics. It presents fundamental research on genetic processes at molecular, cell, organism, and population levels, including problems of the conservation and rational management of genetic resources and the functional genomics, evolutionary genomics and medical genetics.
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